项目中我们经常会遇到多数据源的问题，尤其是数据同步或定时任务等项目更是如此。多数据源让人最头痛的，不是配置多个数据源，而是如何能灵活动态的切换数据源。例如在一个spring和hibernate的框架的项目中，我们在spring配置中往往是配置一个dataSource来连接数据库，然后绑定给sessionFactory，在dao层代码中再指定sessionFactory来进行数据库操作。
正如上图所示，每一块都是指定绑死的，如果是多个数据源，也只能是下图中那种方式。
可看出在Dao层代码中写死了两个SessionFactory，这样日后如果再多一个数据源，还要改代码添加一个SessionFactory，显然这并不符合开闭原则。
那么正确的做法应该是
先说一下我的思路：
首先做一个创建数据源配置文件的类，专门用于创建数据源xml配置，叫ConfigFileCreator.java
其次，编写一个动态加载刚才创建的配置文件的类，叫 DynamicLoadBean.java。至此，创建的数据源到内存中已经完成。
第三，重点编写这个DynamicDataSource.java，该类主要是用来实现动态切换数据源，并通知容器。在这一块我选择了修改，AbstractRoutingDataSource.java，编写一个支持添加数据源对象的方法public void addDataSource(Object key,Object dataSource)
第四，写例子来测试
实现过程如下：
1.bean.xml配置文件
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd"> <!-- 自动扫描与装配bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="qilin"></context:component-scan> <!-- 使用外部的配置文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <bean id="defaultDataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <!-- 数据库连接信息 --> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbcUrl}"></property> <property name="driverClass" value="${driverClass}"></property> <property name="user" value="${username}"></property> <property name="password" value="${password}"></property> </bean> <bean id="dataSourceA" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <!-- 数据库连接信息 --> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///dynamictest"></property> <property name="driverClass" value="${driverClass}"></property> <property name="user" value="${username}"></property> <property name="password" value="${password}"></property> </bean> <bean id="dynamicdatasource" class="qilin.utils.DynamicDataSource"> <property name="targetDataSources"> <map key-type="java.lang.String"> <entry key="defaultDataSource" value-ref="defaultDataSource" /> <entry key="dataSourceA" value-ref="dataSourceA" /> </map> </property> <property name="defaultTargetDataSource" ref="defaultDataSource" /> </bean> <!-- 配置SessionFactory --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dynamicdatasource" /> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">none</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">false</prop> <prop key="hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults">false</prop> </props> </property> <!-- 注解方式配置 --> <property name="annotatedClasses"> <list> <value>qilin.entity.Student</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置声明式事务管理，采用基于注解的方式 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> <bean id="dynamicLoadBean" class="qilin.utils.DynamicLoadBean"></bean> </beans>
2.AbstractRoutingDataSource.class 修改的部分
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/**@author qilin**/ public void addDataSource(Object key,Object dataSource){ this.targetDataSources.put(key, dataSource); setTargetDataSources(this.targetDataSources); }
3.DynamicDataSource.class 这个类中有一个地方需要注意，当我们添加数据，切换了数据源，要通知当前spring容器，需要调用父类的super.afterPropertiesSet();方法
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package qilin.utils; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource; import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.DataSourceLookup; public class DynamicDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource { /* * 该方法必须要重写 方法是为了根据数据库标示符取得当前的数据库 */ @Override public Object determineCurrentLookupKey() { return DataSourceContextHolder.getDataSourceName(); } @Override public void setDataSourceLookup(DataSourceLookup dataSourceLookup) { super.setDataSourceLookup(dataSourceLookup); } @Override public void setDefaultTargetDataSource(Object defaultTargetDataSource) { super.setDefaultTargetDataSource(defaultTargetDataSource); } @Override public void setTargetDataSources(Map targetDataSources) { super.setTargetDataSources(targetDataSources); //重点 super.afterPropertiesSet(); } }
4.动态加载数据源配置文件DynamicLoadBean.class
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package qilin.utils; import java.io.IOException; import org.springframework.beans.BeansException; import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinition; import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionRegistry; import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ChildBeanDefinition; import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.ResourceEntityResolver; import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware; import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext; /** * 动�?�加载数据源 * @author qilin * */ public class DynamicLoadBean implements ApplicationContextAware { private ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext = null; public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException { this.applicationContext = (ConfigurableApplicationContext) applicationContext; } public ConfigurableApplicationContext getApplicationContext() { return applicationContext; } /** * 1.配置文件的位置固�? * 2.配置文件中bean的名字已�? * @param configLocationString */ public void loadBean(String fileName) { XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader((BeanDefinitionRegistry)getApplicationContext().getBeanFactory()); beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(getApplicationContext()); beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(getApplicationContext())); try { beanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(getApplicationContext().getResources(fileName)); } catch (BeansException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public void registBean(String beanName, String parentName) { DefaultListableBeanFactory fcy = (DefaultListableBeanFactory)applicationContext.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory(); BeanDefinition beanDefinition = new ChildBeanDefinition(parentName); fcy.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, beanDefinition); } }
5.DataSourceContextHolder.class
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package qilin.utils; public class DataSourceContextHolder { private static final ThreadLocal contextHolder=new ThreadLocal(); public static void setDataSourceType(String dataSourceName){ contextHolder.set(dataSourceName); } public static String getDataSourceName(){ return (String) contextHolder.get(); } public static void clearDataSourceType(){ contextHolder.remove(); } }
5.测试代码
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package junit; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource; import qilin.entity.Student; import qilin.service.StuService; import qilin.utils.DataSourceContextHolder; import qilin.utils.DynamicDataSource; import qilin.utils.DynamicLoadBean; public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml"); StuService stuService = (StuService) ac.getBean("stuServiceImpl"); Student stu = new Student(); stu.setStuName("qilin"); stuService.save(stu); DataSourceContextHolder.setDataSourceType("dataSourceA"); Student _stu = new Student(); _stu.setStuName("_qilin1"); stuService.save(_stu); //创建一个数据源 DynamicLoadBean dynamicBeanLoad =(DynamicLoadBean)ac.getBean("dynamicLoadBean"); dynamicBeanLoad.loadBean("classpath:mos/qqq.xml"); ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = (ComboPooledDataSource) ac.getBean("qqq"); System.err.println(dataSource.getDriverClass()); DynamicDataSource dynamicDataSource = (DynamicDataSource) ac.getBean("dynamicdatasource"); // Map<String, ComboPooledDataSource> targetDataSources = new HashMap<String, ComboPooledDataSource>(); // targetDataSources.put("qqq", dataSource); // Map<Object, Object> targetDataSources = dynamicDataSource.getTargetDataSources(); // targetDataSources.put("qqq", dataSource); // dynamicDataSource.setTargetDataSources(targetDataSources); // dynamicDataSource.setDefaultTargetDataSource(dataSource); dynamicDataSource.addDataSource("qqq", dataSource); DataSourceContextHolder.setDataSourceType("qqq"); Student __stu = new Student(); __stu.setStuName("qilin2"); stuService.save(__stu); } }
切换数据源就一句话搞定 DataSourceContextHolder.setDataSourceType("qqq");
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