适配 6.0 和 7.0 的 Android 调用系统相册和照相机-CSDN博客

app 开发需求做个调用相册和照相机获取图片并且上传到服务器上，本来打算使用 TakePhoto，最新版本 4.1.0 依赖不上，使用 4.0.3 时报错让我把所有带 @Deprecated 的方法全部替换掉，想想也麻烦，就打算自己调用系统相册和照相机，遇坑就慢慢爬吧

首先添加权限

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
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Android 6.0 系统会有个运行时权限控制，我用的 EasyPermission ，这个真的很 easy 耶

检测 SD 卡和照相机权限

EasyPermissions.requestPermissions(
                    new PermissionRequest.Builder(this, EXTERNAL_AND_CAMERA_REQUEST, EXTERNAL_AND_CAMERA_PERMISSION)
                            .setRationale(R.string.external_and_camera)
                            .setPositiveButtonText(R.string.comfirm)
                            .setNegativeButtonText(R.string.cancel)
                            .build());
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当前 Activity 实现 EasyPermissions.PermissionCallbacks，添加下面配置

@Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        EasyPermissions.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults, this);
    }

    @AfterPermissionGranted(EXTERNAL_AND_CAMERA_REQUEST)
    private void methodRequiresTwoPermission() {
        if (EasyPermissions.hasPermissions(this, EXTERNAL_AND_CAMERA_PERMISSION)) {
        //已经有权限了
        } else {
            EasyPermissions.requestPermissions(this, getString(R.string.external_and_camera),
                    EXTERNAL_AND_CAMERA_REQUEST, EXTERNAL_AND_CAMERA_PERMISSION);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onPermissionsGranted(int requestCode, List<String> list) {
        if (list.size() == 2) {
            //因为申请两个权限，所以判断 size = 2 就执行操作
            takePhoto() 或 choosePhoto()
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onPermissionsDenied(int requestCode, List<String> perms) {
    }
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Android 7.0 不能直接通过 Uri.fromFile 获取 Uri，需要配置 FileProvider

<provider
            android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="com.wx.demo"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
        </provider>
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在资源文件 xml 中创建 file_paths

<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <external-path
        name="images"
        path="images"/>
</paths>
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首先是拍照获取图片

/**
     * 获取照相机
     */
    private void takePhoto() {
        //用于保存调用相机拍照后所生成的文件
        cameraFile = new File(Constant.PATH_SDCARD, System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
        //跳转到调用系统相机
        Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        //判断版本
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {  
            //如果在Android7.0以上,使用FileProvider获取Uri
            intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
            //***代表的是
            Uri contentUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, "com.wx.demo", cameraFile);
            intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, contentUri);
        } else {
            //否则使用Uri.fromFile(file)方法获取Uri
            intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(cameraFile));
        }
        startActivityForResult(intent, CAMERA_REQUEST_CODE);

    }
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相册中选择图片

/**
     * 获取相册
     */
    private void choosePhoto() {
        Intent photoPickerIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK);
        photoPickerIntent.setType("image/*");
        startActivityForResult(photoPickerIntent, PICTURE_REQUEST_CODE);
    }
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在 onActivityResult 中得到回调

@Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent intent) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case CAMERA_REQUEST_CODE:   //调用照相机后返回
                //是否正常拍照
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
                    //正常拍照
                    //压缩图片
                    try {
                        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(cameraFile.getCanonicalPath());
                        //压缩
                        Bitmap newBitmap = ImageUtils.compressBySampleSize(bitmap, 500, 500);
                        //保存
                        ImageUtils.save(newBitmap, cameraFile, Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG);

                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }

                break;
            case PICTURE_REQUEST_CODE:    //调用相册后返回
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
                    if (pictureFile == null) {
                        pictureFile = new File(Constant.PATH_SDCARD, System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
                    }
                    Uri pictureUri = getUri(intent);
                    //图片裁剪
                    BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
                    //获取图片的路径：
                    String[] photoPath = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
                    Cursor cursor = managedQuery(pictureUri, photoPath, null, null, null);
                    int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
                    cursor.moveToFirst();
                    String path = cursor.getString(column_index);
                    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path, options);
                    //压缩
                    Bitmap newBitmap = ImageUtils.compressBySampleSize(bitmap, 500, 500);
                    //保存
                    ImageUtils.save(newBitmap, pictureFile, Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG);

                }
                break;
        }

    }
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getUri（Intent），正常情况下 intent.getData() 可以直接获得 Uri，但是小米 6.0.1 系统出现 NullPoinerException 空指针异常，就用下面的方法获取

/**
     * 解决小米手机上获取图片路径为null的情况
     * @param intent
     * @return
     */
    public Uri getUri(android.content.Intent intent) {
        Uri uri = intent.getData();
        String type = intent.getType();
        if (uri.getScheme().equals("file") && (type.contains("image/"))) {
            String path = uri.getEncodedPath();
            if (path != null) {
                path = Uri.decode(path);
                ContentResolver cr = this.getContentResolver();
                StringBuffer buff = new StringBuffer();
                buff.append("(").append(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA).append("=")
                        .append("'" + path + "'").append(")");
                Cursor cur = cr.query(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,
                        new String[] { MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns._ID },
                        buff.toString(), null, null);
                int index = 0;
                for (cur.moveToFirst(); !cur.isAfterLast(); cur.moveToNext()) {
                    index = cur.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns._ID);
                    // set _id value
                    index = cur.getInt(index);
                }
                if (index == 0) {
                    // do nothing
                } else {
                    Uri uri_temp = Uri
                            .parse("content://media/external/images/media/"
                                    + index);
                    if (uri_temp != null) {
                        uri = uri_temp;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return uri;
    }
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