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|第二章|

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路由选择协议的分类

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RIP V2特性

RIP v2的基本配置

****RIP v2实现VLSM希望划分(可变长子网掩码)

RIP v2实现CIDR路由汇总

RIP 2实现等跳路径的负载均衡

RIP2认证配置

RIP2配置被动接口抑制路由更新

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ip地址规划

部分D类用于组播路由的选择协议

OSPF-224.0.0.5 224.0.0.6

RIPv2-224.0.0.9

EIGRP-224.0.0.10

子网个数计算方式:

2的n次方 (n表示子网的位数)

子网借位与掩码的关系

1----------128

2----------192

3----------224

4----------240

5----------248

6----------253

7----------254

8----------255

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vlsm实验:

192.168.49.0/24网段

(25pc)(49.1)R1(49.97)---------(98)

                                |

(25pc)(49.33)R2(49.101)------(102)R4--------R5(ISP)

                                |

(25pc)(49.65)R3-49.105)------(106)

Router4 S0/0 <----> Router5 S0/0 

Router1 S0/0 <----> Router4 S0/1 

Router2 S0/0 <----> Router4 S0/2 

Router3 S0/0 <----> Router4 S0/3 

VPCS V0/1 <----> Router1 F1/0 

VPCS V0/2 <----> Router2 F1/0 

VPCS V0/3 <----> Router3 F1/0 

VPCS V0/4 <----> Router4 F1/0 

VPCS V0/5 <----> Router5 F1/0 

如图子网,有R1 R2 R3所以至少需要网段数:192.168.49.0/27(8个子网,每个子网32个ip地址)

其中第四个子网做二次划分,192.168.96/30(8个子网,每个子网4个ip地址)

ip如:

192.168.49.0-31

192.168.49.32-63

192.168.49.64-95

192.168.49.96-127

192.168.49.128-159

192.168.49.160-191

192.168.49.192-223

192.168.49.224-255

192.168.49.96-127做二次子网划分

192.168.49.96-99

192.168.49.100-103

192.168.49.104-107

192.168.49.108-128

192.168.49.112-115

192.168.49.116-119

192.168.49.120-123

192.168.49.124-127

配置命令:

-------------------------------

对于R1:

en

conf t

ip domain-lookup

ip classless   (支持子网划分)

ip subnet-zero  

hostname R1

R1(config)#int loopback1

R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.49.1 255.255.255.224

R1(config-if)#no shu

R1(config-if)#exi

R1(config)#int s0/0

R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.49.97 255.255.255.252

R1(config-if)#no shut

R1(config-if)#exi

router rip

version 2

network 192.168.49.0

network 192.168.49.96

end

sh run

对于R2:

en

conf t

host R2

no ip domain-lookup

ip classless

ip subnet-zero

int loopback1

ip add 192.168.49.33 255.255.255.224

no shu

exi

int s0/0

ip add 192.168.49.101 255.255.255.252

no shu

exi

router rip

version 2

no auto-summary

net 192.168.49.32

net 192.168.49.100

end

sh ip rou

对于R3:

en

conf t

host R3

no ip domain-lookup

ip classless

ip subnet-zero

int loopback1

ip add 192.168.49.65 255.255.255.224

no shu

exi

int s0/0

ip add 192.168.49.105 255.255.255.252

no shu

exi

router rip

version 2

no auto-summary

net 192.168.49.64

net 192.168.49.104

end

sh ip rou

对于R4:

en

conf t

host R4

no ip domain-lookup

ip classless

ip subnet-zero

int s0/1

ip addr 192.168.49.98 255.255.255.252

no shu

exi

int s0/2

ip addr 192.168.49.102 255.255.255.252

no shu

exi

int s0/3

ip addr 192.168.49.106 255.255.255.252

no shu

exi

router rip

version 2

no auto-summary

network 192.168.49.96

net 192.168.49.100

net 192.168.49.104

end

sh ip int b

sh ip rou

对于R5:

en

conf t

no ip domain-lookup

ip classless

no subnet-zero

router rip

version 2

no auto-summary(如果不关闭路由汇总,那么在R5上只能学到192.168.49.0这个大网络,我们划分的子网络无法学到)

..............

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问题思考:

VLSM的大量应用,会引发上层路由表的不断膨胀