基本介绍

经常用python或java处理json数据，其实在Shell命令行，我们可以用开源JQ工具来处理Json数据。会更加简洁和高效。


CentOS 安装JQ

wget -O jq https://github.com/stedolan/jq/releases/download/jq-1.5/jq-linux64

chmod +x ./jq

cp jq /usr/bin


JQ常用举例

1、原始JSON数据

 cat jsonData.json

{"productId":"2723","click":60,"view":300,"deal":2,"day":"20130919"}

{"productId":"2728","click":130,"view":800,"deal":10,"day":"20130919"}

{"productId":"3609","click":50,"view":400,"deal":3,"day":"20130919"}

{"productId":"3783","click":375,"view":1200,"deal":50,"day":"20130919"}

{"productId":"3522","click":87,"view":573,"deal":15,"day":"20130919"}


2、格式化输出

 jq -r . jsonData.json

{

  "productId": "2723",

  "click": 60,

  "view": 300,

  "deal": 2,

  "day": "20130919"

}

{

  "productId": "2728",

  "click": 130,

  "view": 800,

  "deal": 10,

  "day": "20130919"

}

...


3、提取json指定字段转csv

这里我们需要得到productId_day,click,view,deal这种格式的csv文件。


jq -r '[.productId+"_"+.day,(.click|tostring),(.view|tostring),(.deal|tostring)]|join(",")' jsonData.json

结果：

2723_20130919,60,300,2

2728_20130919,130,800,10

3609_20130919,50,400,3

3783_20130919,375,1200,50

3522_20130919,87,573,15

注意：

  .productId:取productId字段的值

　.click|tostring:取click字段的值并转化为string类型

　[]:数组

　join(","):数组中的元素通过","连接。


4、复杂json数据查询

 complexJson='{"uid":"2378","nameInfo":[{"firstName":"nova","lastName":"jos"}]}'

echo ${complexJson} |jq

{

  "uid": "2378",

  "nameInfo": [

    {

      "firstName": "nova",

      "lastName": "jos"

    }

  ]

}

echo ${complexJson} |jq -r '.nameInfo[].lastName'

结果:jos

注意:.nameInfo[].lastName是获取.nameInfo[] json array中每个json object的lastName字段。


5、提取指定字段形成新的json

 jq -c '{productId:.productId,click:.click,dayYmd:(.day|tonumber)}' jsonData.json >>newjson.json

结果:

cat newjson.json

{"productId":"2723","click":60,"dayYmd":20130919}

{"productId":"2728","click":130,"dayYmd":20130919}

{"productId":"3609","click":50,"dayYmd":20130919}

{"productId":"3783","click":375,"dayYmd":20130919}

{"productId":"3522","click":87,"dayYmd":20130919}

注意:

 -c/--compact-output:jq 默认是pretty-prints JSON 输出，加上这个参数，一行一个json对象。


6、csv文件转json文件

 cat csvData.csv

1478,john,38

1529,lucy,25

1673,iris,22

jq -R -c 'split(",")|{"uid":.[0],"name":.[1],"age":.[2]|tonumber}' csvData.csv > csv2json.json

cat csv2json.json

{"uid":"1478","name":"john","age":38}

{"uid":"1529","name":"lucy","age":25}

{"uid":"1673","name":"iris","age":22}


主要参考文档

1、https://programminghistorian.org/lessons/json-and-jq 

2、JQ使用手册:https://stedolan.github.io/jq/manual/#Basicfilters 

3、JQ Cookbook:https://github.com/stedolan/jq/wiki/Cookbook

--------------------- 

作者：wangpei1949 

来源：CSDN 

原文：https://blog.csdn.net/wangpei1949/article/details/78702272