APIserver符合RESTful风格,支持GET/PUT/DELETE/POST等各种操作。所以也支持kubectl通过一系列命令对各处资源进行管理控制。
常用的资源
1)、workLoad(工作负载型资源,运行APP,对外提供服务): Pod/ReplicaSet/Deployment/ StatefulSet/ DaemonSet/ Job/ Cronjob /
2)、service discovery and Load Balance(服务发现及均衡型资源):Service/ Ingress
3)、configuration and storage(配置与存储类型资源) :Volume,CSI(容器存储接口,扩展第三方的存储)
ConfigMap,Secret(特殊的配置类型资源)
Downward API(配置类型资源)
4)、集群级资源(配置在名称空间级别): namespace, node, role, clusterRole, roleBinding, clusterRoleBinding
5)、元数据类型资源:HPA、PodTemplate、limitRange(读取权限)
一、配置清单(configuration mainfest)
kubectl 通常通过ymal格式的配置清单对资源进行管理控制。APIserver仅处理Json格式定义的资源定义。ymal格式的配置清单由APIserver自动将其转为json格式,而后再提交处理。
[root@docker79 ~]# kubectl get deployment
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
nginx-deploy 2 2 2 2 1d
[root@docker79 ~]# kubectl get deployment nginx-deploy -o yaml (查看nginx-deploy的配置清单)
配置清单主格式如下
apiVersion: group/version (如果group省略表示core组)
kind: Pod (资源类型)
metadata: 元数据
spec: 期望状态 disired state
status: 当前状态, current state ,本字段由kubernetes 集群维护;
[root@docker79 ~]# kubectl api-versions (查看默认支持的group与version)
admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
apiregistration.k8s.io/v1
apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
apps/v1
apps/v1beta1
apps/v1beta2
authentication.k8s.io/v1
authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1
authorization.k8s.io/v1
authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
autoscaling/v1
autoscaling/v2beta1
batch/v1
batch/v1beta1
certificates.k8s.io/v1beta1
events.k8s.io/v1beta1
extensions/v1beta1
networking.k8s.io/v1
policy/v1beta1
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
scheduling.k8s.io/v1beta1
storage.k8s.io/v1
storage.k8s.io/v1beta1
v1
[root@docker79 ~]#
kubectl explain
kubectl explain Resource_Kind[.Subitem...] 查看相关resource 在定义配置清单时的帮助信息。在帮助信息中常见格式如下:
apiVersion <string> 表示字符串类型
metadata <Object> 表示需要嵌套多层字段
labels <map[string]string> 表示由k:v组成的映射
finalizers <[]string> 表示字串列表
ownerReferences <[]Object> 表示对象列表
资源清单 例1:
[root@docker79 ~]# mkdir manifests
[root@docker79 ~]# cd manifests/
[root@docker79 manifests]# vim pod-demo.yaml
[root@docker79 manifests]# cat pod-demo.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: pod-demo
namespace: default
labels:
app: nginx
tier: frontend
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1-alpine
- name: busybox
image: busybox:latest
command:
- "/bin/sh"
- "-c"
- "sleep 3600"
[root@docker79 manifests]# kubectl create -f pod-demo.yaml
pod/pod-demo created
[root@docker79 manifests]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod-demo 2/2 Running 0 8s
[root@docker79 manifests]# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE
pod-demo 2/2 Running 0 17s 10.244.1.9 docker78 <none>
[root@docker79 manifests]#
[root@docker79 manifests]# kubectl logs pod-demo busybox
[root@docker79 manifests]# kubectl logs pod-demo nginx
[root@docker79 manifests]# kubectl exec -it pod-demo -c busybox -- /bin/sh
/ # netstat -tnlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -