转载请注明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/guoyjoe/article/details/12260427
正确答案:CD
来自官方描述
The contents ofOracle ASM files are stored in a disk group as a set, or collection, of extents that arestored on individual disks within disk groups. Each extent resides on anindividual disk. Extents consist of one or more allocation units (AU). Toaccommodate increasingly larger files, Oracle ASM uses variable size extents.
Variable size extents enable support for larger OracleASM data files, reduce SGA memory requirements for very large databases, andimprove performance for file create and open operations. The initial extentsize equals the disk group allocation unit size and it increases by a factor of4 or 16 at predefined thresholds. This feature is automatic for newly createdand resized data files when specific disk group compatibility attributes areset to 11.1 or higher. For information about compatibility attributes, see "Disk GroupCompatibility".
The extent size of a file varies as follows:
Extent size always equals the disk group AU size for thefirst 20000 extent sets (0 - 19999).
Extent size equals 4*AU size for the next 20000 extentsets (20000 - 39999).
Extent size equals 16*AU size for the next 20000 andhigher extent sets (40000+).
Figure1-4 shows the Oracle ASM file extent relationship withallocation units. The first eight extents (0 to 7) are distributed on fourOracle ASM disks and are equal to the AU size. After the first 20000 extentsets, the extent size becomes 4*AU for the next 20000 extent sets (20000 -39999). This is shown as bold rectangles labeled with the extent set numbers20000 to 20007, and so on. The next increment for an Oracle ASM extent is 16*AU(not shown in Figure 1-4).
由于RDBMS实例绕过ASM实例直接访问ASM磁盘,因此RDBMS需要知道一个文件分布在磁盘组中的哪些磁盘和磁盘中的哪些位置(具体就是AU),这些信息就是extent map,RDMBS将extent map缓存在shared pool中。默认的AU和extent size为什么是1M,这是为了从性能方面考虑 。
当ASM中的文件很大时,这就引起一个问题,就是extent map过大。比如一个500G的bigfile tablespace的数据文件,如果都是1M大小的extent,那么需要512000个extent。在11gR2中,使用variable extent size,则只需要106550个extent,当然这个值还是很大,所以对于特别大的数据库,可以在创建磁盘组时指定较大的AU size。extent size=n*AU size,这里n不可改变,是固定的,但是AU size可变。
另外,为什么不把au size或者extent size的缺省值设得更大,由于ASM中可以存储数据库备份,归档日志等文件,所以extent size过大,必然会浪费空间。而uniform size的好处是简化空间的管理,同时可以避免空间碎片。
答案A不正确,ASM可变区大小与提高磁盘线上与线下数据的重新同步操作无关。
答案B不正确,ASM可变区大小与从本地区复制读取为区的群集配置提高性能无关。
答案C正确,当ASM中的文件很大时,这就引起一个问题,就是extentmap过大,而extentmap是缓存在sharedpool中,这里如果加大extent的大小(即把ASM的区变大),那么extentmap就会变小,这样占用sharedpool就会下降。
答案D正确,当用到了ASM大文件时,把ASM的区变大,这个特性允许更快的打开文件,因为共享池中需要存储的extent map数量的减少了,这样大大省节了共享池空间,为其它DML操作留下了更大的内存空间,操作(比如打开文件)效率更高。
QQ:252803295
技术交流QQ群:
DSI&Core Search Ⅰ 群:127149411(2000人技术群:未满)
DSI&Core Search Ⅱ 群:177089463(1000人技术群:未满)
DSI&Core Search Ⅲ 群:284596437(500人技术群:未满)
DSI&Core Search Ⅳ 群:192136702(500人技术群:未满)
DSI&Core Search Ⅴ 群:285030382(500人闲聊群:未满)
MAIL:dbathink@hotmail.com
BLOG: http://blog.csdn.net/guoyjoe
WEIBO:http://weibo.com/guoyJoe0218
ITPUB: http://www.itpub.net/space-uid-28460966.html
OCM: http://education.oracle.com/education/otn/YGuo.HTM
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/guoyjoe/1428826