rsync同步命令

    同步操作

rsync [选项..] 源目录 目标目录

    同步与复制的差异

复制：完成拷贝源到目标

同步：增量拷贝，只传输变化过的数据

    本地同步

rsync [选项...] 本地目录1 本地目录2 #同步整个文件夹

rsync [选项...] 本地目录1/ 本地目录2 #只同步目录的数据

操作选项

-n ： 测试同步过程，不做实际修改

--delete：删除目标文件夹多余的文档

-a ：归档模式,相当于-rlptgoD

-v :显示详细操作信息

-z ：传输过程中启动压缩/解压




[root@test ]# mkdir /abc

[root@test ]# mkdir /test

[root@test ]# cp  /etc/passwd /etc/fstab /etc/shadow /etc/group /abc

[root@test ]# rsync -avz /abc /test

sending incremental file list

abc/

abc/fstab

abc/group

abc/passwd

abc/shadow

sent 2596 bytes  received 92 bytes  5376.00 bytes/sec

total size is 5551  speedup is 2.07

[root@test ]# ls /test

abc

[root@test ]# rsync -avz /abc/ /test

sending incremental file list

./

fstab

group

passwd

shadow

sent 2581 bytes  received 91 bytes  5344.00 bytes/sec

total size is 5551  speedup is 2.08

[root@test ]# ls /test

abc  fstab  group  passwd  shadow

[root@test ]# echo 123 >> /abc/group 

[root@test ]# rsync -avz /abc/ /test

sending incremental file list

group

sent 668 bytes  received 31 bytes  1398.00 bytes/sec

total size is 5555  speedup is 7.95

[root@test ]# touch /test/test.txt

[root@test ]# rsync -avz --delete /abc/ /test

sending incremental file list

./

deleting abc/shadow

deleting abc/passwd

deleting abc/group

deleting abc/fstab

deleting abc/

deleting test.txt

sent 87 bytes  received 15 bytes  204.00 bytes/sec

total size is 5555  speedup is 54.46



rsync+ssh同步

下行：rsync [...] user@host:远程目录

上行：rsync [...] 本地目录 user@host:远程目录


[root@test  ~]# ls /abc/

fstab  group  passwd  shadow

[root@test  ~]# rsync -avz --delete /abc/ root@192.168.4.207:/opt/

root@192.168.4.207's password: 

sending incremental file list

./

deleting rh/

fstab

group

  passwd

shadow

sent 2590 bytes  received 91 bytes  766.00 bytes/sec

[root@pc207 ~]# ls /opt/

fstab  group  passwd  shadow


实时同步

1.密码验证取消，采用公钥 私钥 验证


[root@test  ~]# ssh-keygen

Generating public/private rsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 

Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 

Enter same passphrase again: 

 Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.

Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

The key fingerprint is:

45:3d:84:d0:ac:08:4b:9b:84:a5:b4:fc:47:eb:7f:98 root@svr7.tedu.cn

The key's randomart image is:

+--[ RSA 2048]----+

|  .o.   .+.+.    |

| o.o+    .+ o    |

|  +o =.. ..  .   |

 |   .+.....           |

|    . o S        |

|     o           |

|      .  o       |

|       .E .      |

 |        ..            |

+-----------------+


[root@test  ~]# ls /root/.ssh #公私钥存放地址

id_rsa  id_rsa.pub  known_hosts

[root@test  ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.4.207

[root@pc207 ~]# ls /root/.ssh

authorized_keys

2.验证

[root@test  ~]# ssh root@192.168.4.207

Last login: Thu Nov 16 20:07:55 2017 from 192.168.4.254

[root@pc207 ~]# exit

3.inotify实时监控目录，内容是否变化

inotify-tools-3.13.tar.gz 

[root@test  ~]# rm -rf /opt/*

[root@test  ~]# tar -xf /tools/inotify-tools-3.13.tar.gz -C /opt/

[root@test  ~]# ls /opt/

inotify-tools-3.13

[root@test  ~]# cd /opt/inotify-tools-3.13/

[root@test  inotify-tools-3.13]# ./configure 

[root@test  inotify-tools-3.13]# make

[root@test  inotify-tools-3.13]# make install

[root@test  inotify-tools-3.13]# inotifywait 

No files specified to watch!

  inotify基本用法

inotifywait [选项 ] 目标文件

 常用选项

-m：

-r

-q

-e


[root@test  /]# inotifywait -mrq /opt/

/opt/ CREATE 1.txt

/opt/ OPEN 1.txt

/opt/ ATTRIB 1.txt

/opt/ CLOSE_WRITE,CLOSE 1.txt

/opt/ CREATE 2.txt

/opt/ OPEN 2.txt

/opt/ ATTRIB 2.txt

/opt/ CLOSE_WRITE,CLOSE 2.txt

^C

[root@test  /]# 


Shell脚本

[root@test  ~]# vim /root/look.sh


#!/bin/bash

while inotifywait -rqq /abc

do

rsync -az --delete /abc/ root@192.168.4.207:/opt/

done

               

[root@test  ~]# chmod +x /root/look.sh


[root@test  ~]# /root/look.sh &

[1] 19200