公司配的电脑,安装的是redhat6。


df -h如下:

[root@oc7070153642 ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_oc2886812530-lv_root
                      226G   20G  205G   9% /
tmpfs                 3.8G  136K  3.8G   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             969M  106M  813M  12% /boot


可以看到并没有swap分区,但是free -g如下:


[root@oc7070153642 ~]# free -g
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:             7          4          3          0          0          1
-/+ buffers/cache:          2          5
Swap:            7          0          7 


可以看到swap分区其实是有的,也可以用free -t查看内存总数,是有16G的。


然后查看一下lvm的信息,首先,fdisk-l如下:


[root@oc7070153642 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 256.1 GB, 256060514304 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 31130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x130e9499

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1         128     1024000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2             128       31131   249033728   83  Linux

Disk /dev/mapper/luks-bbe7f461-8a2f-4e05-b249-2438fe29610f: 255.0 GB, 255008440320 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 31003 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/mapper/vg_oc2886812530-lv_root: 246.4 GB, 246390194176 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 29955 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/mapper/vg_oc2886812530-lv_swap: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


可以看到lvm的信息为:

1)radi之后的磁盘为sda,sda硬盘;

2)sda分了两个区,sda1给了boot,sda2给了lvm;

3) /dev/mapper/luks的软链接指向为dm-0(可以通过ll文件夹看到),可能是总的lvm大小?

4)创建了一个vg_oc2886812530的VG,从这个VG分了两个lv,一个是root一个是swap;

5)如果cd进/dev下的mapper和两个vg,能看到软链接都是一样的,指向dm


然后lvdispay如下:

[root@oc7070153642 dev]# lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_oc2886812530/lv_root
  LV Name                lv_root
  VG Name                vg_oc2886812530
  LV UUID                0tHDLS-Ob2p-a2C8-KT3Y-Wtzg-d5HZ-7W3cLv
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time oc5343464833.ibm.com, 2015-11-23 09:46:01 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                229.47 GiB
  Current LE             7343
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:1
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_oc2886812530/lv_swap
  LV Name                lv_swap
  VG Name                vg_oc2886812530
  LV UUID                gI5aIW-B7gH-jt4o-ZLRr-G9Nv-cxOF-G9lcDa
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time oc5343464833.ibm.com, 2015-11-23 09:46:15 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                8.00 GiB
  Current LE             256
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:2

可以看到root和swap两个lv的路径,但是看不到文件类型。


mount /dev/vg_oc2886812530/lv_root,可以看到正常的挂载。

mount /dev/vg_oc2886812530/lv_root/mnt,会报:


/dev/mapper/vg_oc2886812530-lv_swap looks like swapspace - not mounted
mount: you must specify the filesystem type


可以发现系统已经认出了这个lv是swap分区,不能挂载。


然后cat /etc/fstab(开机启动的挂载):


[root@oc7070153642 dev]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Mon Nov 23 09:55:40 2015
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/vg_oc2886812530-lv_root /                       ext4    defaults        1 1
UUID=b4589dfe-05d2-4396-8bb0-ebe070c7a779 /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
/dev/mapper/vg_oc2886812530-lv_swap swap                    swap    defaults
        0 0
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0  动态分配虚拟内存
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0  物理内核信息


会发现标蓝色的,root和boot是ext4分区,swap是swap分区,说明在创建lv时已经定义了swap文件系统那个,比较隐蔽。

橙色的几个挂载点都是内核调用的。


总结:


1)如果是用lvm分的swap分区,df -h是看不到的;

2)用cat /etc/fstab是可以看到所有开机启动挂载点的文件格式的;

3)free -g,free-t可以查看详细的物理和虚拟内存;

4)/dev/mapper和/dev/vg_*的软链接指向是一样的,都是dm-*;