使用libxml2创建和解析xml文件

毕业设计需要用到xml文件来组织和存放数据，

对于Linux环境下，有libxml2可供使用。

 

经过一段时间查询文档和网站，

基本掌握创建xml文档和解析xml的操作，

简单做一下记录。

 

 

创建xml

例子如下：

 

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <libxml/parser.h>
 3 #include <libxml/tree.h>
 4 
 5 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 6 {
 7         xmlDocPtr doc = NULL;
 8         xmlNodePtr root_node = NULL, node = NULL, node1 = NULL;
 9 
10         doc = xmlNewDoc(BAD_CAST "1.0"); // create a new xml document.
11         root_node = xmlNewNode(NULL, BAD_CAST "root"); // create a root node.
12         xmlDocSetRootElement(doc, root_node);
13 
14         xmlNewChild(root_node, NULL, BAD_CAST "node1", BAD_CAST "content of node1");
15         //xmlNewChild(root_node, NULL, BAD_CAST "node2", NULL);
16 
17         node = xmlNewChild(root_node, NULL, BAD_CAST "node3", BAD_CAST "node3 has attributes");
18         xmlNewProp(node, BAD_CAST "attribute", BAD_CAST "yes");
19 
20         node = xmlNewNode(NULL, BAD_CAST "node4");
21         node1 = xmlNewText(BAD_CAST
22                    "other way to create content (which is also a node)");
23         xmlAddChild(node, node1);
24         xmlAddChild(root_node, node);
25 
26         xmlSaveFormatFileEnc(argc > 1 ? argv[1] : "-", doc, "UTF-8", 1);
27 
28         xmlFreeDoc(doc);
29 
30         xmlCleanupParser();
31 
32         xmlMemoryDump();
33         return(0);
34 }

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 libxml的api使用 const unsigned char* 。

而string literal 只能隐式转换到 const char*。

所以libxml提供一个BAD_CAST用来作显示转换。

 

代码应该不难看懂，生成的xml文件如下：

1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2 <root>
3   <node1>content of node1</node1>
4   <node3 attribute="yes">node3 has attributes</node3>
5   <node4>other way to create content (which is also a node)</node4>
6 </root>

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xml文件和创建xml的代码对照着看就很容易看懂如何生成节点以及属性了。

 

 

解析xml

代码如下：

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <stdlib.h>
 3 #include <string.h>
 4 #include <libxml/parser.h>
 5 #include <libxml/xmlmemory.h>
 6 
 7 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 8 {
 9         xmlDocPtr doc;
10         xmlNodePtr curNode;
11 
12         xmlKeepBlanksDefault(0);
13         doc = xmlReadFile("mine.xml", "UTF-8", XML_PARSE_RECOVER); // open a xml doc.
14         curNode = xmlDocGetRootElement(doc); // get root element.
15 
16         if (curNode == NULL)
17         {
18                 fprintf(stderr, "open file failed. \n");
19                 xmlFreeDoc (doc);
20                 return -1;
21         }
22 
23         if (xmlStrcmp(curNode->name, "root")) // if the same,xmlStrcmp return 0, else return 1
24         {
25                 fprintf(stderr, "check rootElement failed. \n");
26                 xmlFreeDoc (doc);
27                 return -1;
28         }
29 
30         curNode = curNode->children; // move to root element's children.
31         char *nodeName;
32         char *content;
33 
34         if (curNode != NULL)
35         {
36                 nodeName = (char *) curNode->name; 
37                 content = (char *) xmlNodeGetContent(curNode);
38                 printf ("Current node name:%s,\t the content is:%s.\n\n", nodeName, content);
39         }
40 
41         curNode = curNode->next;
42         char *attr;
43         if (curNode != NULL)
44         {
45                 nodeName = (char *) curNode->name;
46                 content = (char *) xmlNodeGetContent(curNode);
47                 attr = (char *) xmlGetProp(curNode, (const xmlChar *)"attribute"); // get node attribute
48                 printf ("Current node name:%s,\t the content is:%s,\t AND THE ATTR IS:%s.\n\n", nodeName, content,attr); 
49         }
50 
51         curNode = curNode->next;
52         if (curNode != NULL)
53         {
54                 nodeName = (char *) curNode->name;
55                 content = (char *) xmlNodeGetContent(curNode);
56                 printf ("Current node name:%s,\t the content is:%s.\n\n", nodeName, content);   
57         }
58 
59         xmlFree(curNode);
60         xmlFreeDoc(doc);
61         return 1;
62 }

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上面的代码是简单的按生成的xml结构来解析，

正确的用法应该是写成一个函数来调用，

可以解析任何的已知根节点的xml文件。

 

解析的结果输入如下：

1 [nigelzeng@ubuntu xml-learning]$ ./xml-mine-parse 
2 Current node name:node1,         the content is:content of node1.
3 
4 Current node name:node3,         the content is:node3 has attributes,    AND THE ATTR IS:yes.
5 
6 Current node name:node4,         the content is:other way to create content (which is also a node).

View Code

 

 

参考：

http://xmlsoft.org/index.html

http://www.cppblog.com/lymons/archive/2009/03/30/37553.html

http://www.4ucode.com/Study/Topic/1622022