Hibernate Validator校验

1. 参数校验


  • 官网地址

  • spring-boot-starter-web包里面有hibernate-validator包,不需要引用hibernate validator依赖。

2. hibernate validator校验demo


1. 导入包
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotBlank;

import javax.validation.constraints.AssertFalse;
import javax.validation.constraints.Pattern;
2. demo
@Getter
@Setter
@NoArgsConstructor
public class DemoModel {
    @NotBlank(message="用户名不能为空")
    private String userName;

    @NotBlank(message="年龄不能为空")
    @Pattern(regexp="^[0-9]{1,2}$",message="年龄不正确")
    private String age;

    @AssertFalse(message = "必须为false")
    private Boolean isFalse;
    /**
     * 如果是空,则不校验,如果不为空,则校验
     */
    @Pattern(regexp="^[0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2}$",message="出生日期格式不正确")
    private String birthday;
}
3. 结果返回
@RequestMapping("/demo2")
public void demo2(@RequestBody @Valid DemoModel demo, BindingResult result){
    if(result.hasErrors()){
        for (ObjectError error : result.getAllErrors()) {
            System.out.println(error.getDefaultMessage());
        }
    }
}
4. 传入参数
{"userName":"dd","age":120,"isFalse":true,"birthday":"21010-21-12"}
5. 输出结果
出生日期格式不正确
必须为false
年龄不正确

3. hibernate的校验模式


1. 普通模式(默认为该模式)
  • 会校验所有属性,然后返回所有的验证失败信息。
2. 快速失败返回模式
  • 只要有一个校验失败则返回。
3. 设置方式
// failFast: true 快速失败返回模式,false 普通模式
ValidatorFactory validatorFactory = Validation.byProvider( HibernateValidator.class )
        .configure()
        .failFast( true )
        .buildValidatorFactory();
Validator validator = validatorFactory.getValidator();
// hibernate.validator.fail_fast: true 快速失败返回模式,false 普通模式
ValidatorFactory validatorFactory = Validation.byProvider( HibernateValidator.class )
        .configure()
        .addProperty( "hibernate.validator.fail_fast", "true" )
        .buildValidatorFactory();
Validator validator = validatorFactory.getValidator();

4. hibernate的校验


  • 配置hibernate Validator为快速返回模式:

    @Configuration
    public class ValidatorConfiguration {
        @Bean
        public Validator validator(){
            ValidatorFactory validatorFactory = Validation.byProvider( HibernateValidator.class )
                    .configure()
                    .addProperty( "hibernate.validator.fail_fast", "true" )
                    .buildValidatorFactory();
            Validator validator = validatorFactory.getValidator();
    
            return validator;
        }
    }
    
1. 请求参数校验
  • 验证请求参数时,在 @RequestBody DemoModel demo 之间加注解 @Valid,然后在后面加 BindindResult 即可;多个参数,可以添加多个 @Valid 和 BindindResult。
public void test()(@RequestBody @Valid DemoModel demo, BindingResult result)
public void test()(@RequestBody @Valid DemoModel demo, BindingResult result,@RequestBody @Valid DemoModel demo2, BindingResult result2)
@RequestMapping("/demo2")
public void demo2(@RequestBody @Valid DemoModel demo, BindingResult result){
    if(result.hasErrors()){
        for (ObjectError error : result.getAllErrors()) {
            System.out.println(error.getDefaultMessage());
        }
    }
}
2. GET参数校验(@RequestParam参数校验)
  1. controller

    @RequestMapping(value = "/demo3", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public void demo3(@RequestParam(name = "grade", required = true) int grade,@RequestParam(name = "classroom", required = true) int classroom) {
        System.out.println(grade + "," + classroom);
    }
    
    • 使用 @Valid 注解对 RequestParam 对应的参数时无效的,需要使用 @Validated 注解来使验证生效。
  2. MethodValidationPostProcessor 的 Bean

    @Bean
    public MethodValidationPostProcessor methodValidationPostProcessor() {
        /**默认是普通模式,会返回所有的验证不通过信息集合*/
        return new MethodValidationPostProcessor();
    }
    
  3. 或者可对 MethodValidationPostProcessor 进行设置 Validator

    • 此时不是使用 Validator 进行验证,Validator 的配置不起作用
    @Bean
    public MethodValidationPostProcessor methodValidationPostProcessor() {
        MethodValidationPostProcessor postProcessor = new MethodValidationPostProcessor();
        /**设置validator模式为快速失败返回*/
        postProcessor.setValidator(validator());
        return postProcessor;
    }
    
    @Bean
    public Validator validator(){
        ValidatorFactory validatorFactory = Validation.byProvider( HibernateValidator.class )
                .configure()
                .addProperty( "hibernate.validator.fail_fast", "true" )
                .buildValidatorFactory();
        Validator validator = validatorFactory.getValidator();
    
        return validator;
    }
    
  4. 方法所在的Controller上加注解 @Validated

    @RequestMapping("/validation")
    @RestController
    @Validated
    public class ValidationController {
        /**如果只有少数对象,直接把参数写到Controller层,然后在Controller层进行验证就可以了。*/
        @RequestMapping(value = "/demo3", method = RequestMethod.GET)
        public void demo3(@Range(min = 1, max = 9, message = "年级只能从1-9")
                          @RequestParam(name = "grade", required = true)
                          int grade,
                          @Min(value = 1, message = "班级最小只能1")
                          @Max(value = 99, message = "班级最大只能99")
                          @RequestParam(name = "classroom", required = true)
                          int classroom) {
            System.out.println(grade + "," + classroom);
        }
    }
    
  5. 返回验证信息提示

    • 验证不通过,抛出来 ConstraintViolationException 异常,使用统一捕获异常处理
    @ControllerAdvice
    @Component
    public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
    
        @ExceptionHandler
        @ResponseBody
        @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
        public String handle(ValidationException exception) {
            if(exception instanceof ConstraintViolationException){
                ConstraintViolationException exs = (ConstraintViolationException) exception;
    
                Set<ConstraintViolation<?>> violations = exs.getConstraintViolations();
                for (ConstraintViolation<?> item : violations) {
              /**打印验证不通过的信息*/
                    System.out.println(item.getMessage());
                }
            }
            return "bad request, " ;
        }
    }
    
  6. 验证

    http://localhost:8080/validation/demo3?grade=18&classroom=888
    
3. model校验
  1. model

    @Data
    public class Demo2 {
        @Length(min = 5, max = 17, message = "length长度在[5,17]之间")
        private String length;
    
        /**@Size不能验证Integer,适用于String, Collection, Map and arrays*/
        @Size(min = 1, max = 3, message = "size在[1,3]之间")
        private String age;
    
        @Range(min = 150, max = 250, message = "range在[150,250]之间")
        private int high;
    
        @Size(min = 3,max = 5,message = "list的Size在[3,5]")
        private List<String> list;
    }
    
  2. 校验

    @Autowired
    private Validator validator;
    
    @RequestMapping("/demo3")
    public void demo3(){
        Demo2 demo2 = new Demo2();
        demo2.setAge("111");
        demo2.setHigh(150);
        demo2.setLength("ABCDE");
        demo2.setList(new ArrayList<String>(){{add("111");add("222");add("333");}});
        Set<ConstraintViolation<Demo2>> violationSet = validator.validate(demo2);
        for (ConstraintViolation<Demo2> model : violationSet) {
            System.out.println(model.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
4. 对象级联校验
  • 对象内部包含另一个对象作为属性,属性上加 @Valid,可以验证作为属性的对象内部的验证
  1. demo

    @Data
    public class Demo2 {
        @Size(min = 3,max = 5,message = "list的Size在[3,5]")
        private List<String> list;
    
        @NotNull
        @Valid
        private Demo3 demo3;
    }
    
    @Data
    public class Demo3 {
        @Length(min = 5, max = 17, message = "length长度在[5,17]之间")
        private String extField;
    }
    
  2. 校验

    /**前面配置了快速失败返回的Bean*/
    @Autowired
    private Validator validator;
    
    @RequestMapping("/demo3")
    public void demo3(){
        Demo2 demo2 = new Demo2();
        demo2.setList(new ArrayList<String>(){{add("111");add("222");add("333");}});
    
        Demo3 demo3 = new Demo3();
        demo3.setExtField("22");
        demo2.setDemo3(demo3);
        Set<ConstraintViolation<Demo2>> violationSet = validator.validate(demo2);
        for (ConstraintViolation<Demo2> model : violationSet) {
            System.out.println(model.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
5. 分组校验
  1. 校验接口

    public interface GroupA {
    }
    
    public interface GroupB {
    }
    
  2. demo

    @Data
    public class Person {
        @NotBlank
        @Range(min = 1,max = Integer.MAX_VALUE,message = "必须大于0",groups = {GroupA.class})
        /**用户id*/
        private Integer userId;
        @NotBlank
        @Length(min = 4,max = 20,message = "必须在[4,20]",groups = {GroupB.class})
        /**用户名*/
        private String userName;
        @NotBlank
        @Range(min = 0,max = 100,message = "年龄必须在[0,100]",groups={Default.class})
        /**年龄*/
        private Integer age;
        @Range(min = 0,max = 2,message = "性别必须在[0,2]",groups = {GroupB.class})
        /**性别 0:未知;1:男;2:女*/
        private Integer sex;
    }
    
    • GroupA校验字段userId
    • GroupB校验字段userName、sex
    • Default校验字段age(Default使Validator自带的默认分组)
  3. 验证

    • 只验证GroupA和GroupB的分组,以下示例代码
    @RequestMapping("/demo5")
    public void demo5(){
        Person p = new Person();
        /**GroupA验证不通过*/
        p.setUserId(-12);
        /**GroupA验证通过*/
        //p.setUserId(12);
        p.setUserName("a");
        p.setAge(110);
        p.setSex(5);
        Set<ConstraintViolation<Person>> validate = validator.validate(p, GroupA.class, GroupB.class);
        for (ConstraintViolation<Person> item : validate) {
            System.out.println(item);
        }
    }
    
    @RequestMapping("/demo6")
    public void demo6(@Validated({GroupA.class, GroupB.class}) Person p, BindingResult result){
        if(result.hasErrors()){
            List<ObjectError> allErrors = result.getAllErrors();
            for (ObjectError error : allErrors) {
                System.out.println(error);
            }
        }
    }
    
  4. 组序列

    • 指定组的验证顺序,前面组验证不通过,后面组不验证
    // GroupA > GroupB > Default
    @GroupSequence({GroupA.class, GroupB.class, Default.class})
    public interface GroupOrder {
    }
    

5. 自定义校验器


1. 大小写校验器
public enum CaseMode {
    UPPER,
    LOWER;
}


@Target( { ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE })
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Constraint(validatedBy = CheckCaseValidator.class)
@Documented
public @interface CheckCase {
    String message() default "";

    Class<?>[] groups() default {};

    Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default {};

    CaseMode value();
}


public class CheckCaseValidator implements ConstraintValidator<CheckCase, String> {
    private CaseMode caseMode;
    public void initialize(CheckCase checkCase) {
        this.caseMode = checkCase.value();
    }

    public boolean isValid(String s, ConstraintValidatorContext constraintValidatorContext) {
        if (s == null) {
            return true;
        }

        if (caseMode == CaseMode.UPPER) {
            return s.equals(s.toUpperCase());
        } else {
            return s.equals(s.toLowerCase());
        }
    }
}
2. Demo
public class Demo{
    @CheckCase(value = CaseMode.LOWER,message = "userName必须是小写")
    private String userName;

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }
}
3. Validator配置
@Bean
public Validator validator(){
    ValidatorFactory validatorFactory = Validation.byProvider( HibernateValidator.class )
            .configure()
            .addProperty( "hibernate.validator.fail_fast", "true" )
            .buildValidatorFactory();
    Validator validator = validatorFactory.getValidator();

    return validator;
}
4. 校验测试
@RequestMapping("/demo4")
public void demo4(){
    Demo demo = new Demo();
    demo.setUserName("userName");
    Set<ConstraintViolation<Demo>> validate = validator.validate(demo);
    for (ConstraintViolation<Demo> dem : validate) {
        System.out.println(dem.getMessage());
    }
}

6. 常见的注解


No.注解解释
01@Null检查该字段为空
02@NotNull不能为 null
03@NotBlank不能为空,检查时会将空格忽略
04@NotEmpty不能为空,这里的空是指空字符串
05@AssertTrue用于boolwan字段,只能为true
06@AssertFalse用于boolwan字段,只能为false
07@CreditCardNumber对信用卡进行一个大致的校验
08@DecimalMin(value)数值类型,只能小于或等于value
09@DecimalMax(value)数值类型,只能大于或等于value
10@Digits(integer=2,fraction=20)限制必须为一个小数,整数部分位数不能超过integer,小数部分位数不能超过fraction
11@Email检查是否是一个有效的email地址
12@Past检查该字段的日期是否属于过去的日期
13@Future检查该字段的日期是否属于将来的日期
14@Length(min=,max=)检查该字段的长度是否在min和max之间,只能用于字符串
15@Size(min=,max=)检查该字段的size是否在min和max之间,可以是字符串、数组、集合、map等
16@Min(value)小于等于value
17@Max(value)大于等于value
18@URL(protocol=,host,port) 检查是否是一个有效的URL,如果提供来protocol,host等,则该url还需满足提供的条件
19@Valid该注解只要用于字段为一个包含其他对象的集合或map或数组的字段,或该字段直接为一个其他对象的引用(这样在检查当前对象的同时也会检查该字段所引用的对象)

7. 参考文档


参考文档

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/shadowolf/blog/1934934

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