今天下载了MySQL代理（MySQL Proxy）试用了一下，感觉还有很有用的，类似于oracle中的cman，可以进行连接的转发，对于访问内网数据库终于有了一个好的解决方案(以前用 secuCRT的端口转发功能也可以实现，但是需要打开securtCRT的相应session，比较麻烦）；还可以用来进行负载均衡和failer over，类似于lvs等负载均衡软件。目前该组件还是测试版。
1、下载软件包。
2、解压
[zzx@zzx ~]$ tar xzvf mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86.tar.gz
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/sbin/
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/sbin/mysql-proxy
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/tutorial-basic.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/tutorial-inject.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/tutorial-rewrite.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/tutorial-query-time.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/tutorial-packets.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/tutorial-warnings.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/tutorial-constants.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/tutorial-states.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/mysql-proxy/
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/mysql-proxy/proxy/
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/mysql-proxy/proxy/auto-config.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/mysql-proxy/proxy/balance.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/mysql-proxy/proxy/commands.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/mysql-proxy/proxy/parser.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/mysql-proxy/proxy/tokenizer.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/mysql-proxy/active-queries.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/mysql-proxy/analyze-query.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/mysql-proxy/auditing.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/mysql-proxy/histogram.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua
mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/share/mysql-proxy/xtab.lua
3、查看使用帮助：
[zzx ~]$ cd mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/sbin
[zzx ~/mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/sbin]$ ls
./  ../  mysql-proxy*
[zzx ~/mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/sbin]$ ./mysql-proxy --help-all
Usage:
  mysql-proxy [OPTION...] - MySQL Proxy
Help Options:
  -?, --help                                          Show help options
  --help-all                                          Show all help options
  --help-admin                                        Show options for the admin-module
  --help-proxy                                        Show options for the proxy-module
admin module
  --admin-address=<host:port>                         listening address:port of internal admin-server (default: :4041)
proxy-module
  --proxy-address=<host:port>                         listening address:port of the proxy-server (default: :4040)
  --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=<host:port>     address:port of the remote slave-server (default: not set)
  --proxy-backend-addresses=<host:port>               address:port of the remote backend-servers (default: 127.0.0.1:3306)
  --proxy-skip-profiling                              disables profiling of queries (default: enabled)
  --proxy-fix-bug-25371                               fix bug #25371 (mysqld > 5.1.12) for older libmysql versions
  --proxy-lua-script=<file>                           filename of the lua script (default: not set)
  --no-proxy                                          Don't start proxy-server
Application Options:
  -V, --version                                       Show version
  --daemon                                            Start in daemon-mode
  --pid-file=<file>                                   PID file in case we are started as daemon
4、启动代理服务，使得客户端可以访问内网192.168.161.30上3311端口的数据库服务：
./mysql-proxy --proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.161.30:3311 &
5、用netstat查看启动的服务：
[zzx ~/mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/sbin]$ netstat -nlp
(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name  
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:4040                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      15690/mysql-proxy  
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:4041                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      15690/mysql-proxy  
。。。。。。
其中：4041是admin的默认端口，4040是代理服务的默认端口，和cman类似。
6、客户端进行连接测试：
C:\mysql-5.0.41-win32\bin>mysql -h202.108.15.169 -P4040 -uams_admin -p
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 14848
Server version: 4.1.13-standard-log
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> exit
Bye
连接成功，其中202.108.15.169 是中转服务器的IP。如果连接失败，请检查目标数据库里是否允许202.108.15.169的内网IP进行访问。
7、因为192.168.161.30上有多个数据库服务，如果想都访问这些服务怎么办呢？文档上说可以多写几个--proxy-backend-addresses参数，测试如下：
[zzx ~/mysql-proxy-0.6.0-linux-rhas4-x86/sbin]$./mysql-proxy --proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.161.30:3311 --proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.161.30:3312 &
客户端对3311上的服务进行连接测试：
C:\mysql-5.0.41-win32\bin>mysql -h202.108.15.169 -P4040 -uams_admin -p
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 14848
Server version: 4.1.13-standard-log
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> exit
Bye
客户端对3312上的服务进行连接测试：
C:\mysql-5.0.41-win32\bin>mysql -h202.108.15.169 -P4040 -ucaiwu -p
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'caiwu'@'192.168.161.43' (using passw
ord: YES)
3312上的服务连接失败，原因是因为代理指定的多个端口是采用轮询的算法进行访问的，如果我们打开一个新的连接，3312就可以访问了。这样，也就实现了failer over和负载均衡。
更深入的功能，以后再慢慢测试。