awk中关于数组(aray)的问题

2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>>

awk中数组是关联数组，它的独特之处是其下标可以是一个字符或一个数值这就可以实现一个词语的缩写和其全称的关联

如array[NBA] = National Basketball Association

可以实现++class_grade[grade] (grade是“A”“B”“C”“D”)，这样就可以实现对ABCD出现数量的一个统计，并且用一个语句就可以实现这种结果。

下面是实现对一个班的成绩的统计结果。

$cat grade_student.awk

# letter grade as well as class average.
# $1 = student name ; $2 - $NF = test scres.
# set output filed separator to tab.
BEGIN { OFS = "\t"}
# action applied to all input lines
{
  # add uo grades
        total = 0
        for (i = 2; i <= NF ; ++i)
                total += $i
# calculate average
        avg = total / (NF -1)
#assign student's average to element of array
        student_avg[NR] = avg
#determine letter grade
        if (avg >= 90) grade = "A"
        else if (avg >= 80) grade = "B"
        else if (avg >= 70) grade = "C"
        else if (avg >= 60) grade = "D"
        else grade = "F"
#increment counter for letter grade array
        ++class_grade[grade]
# print student name, average and letter grade
        print $1, avg,grade


}
#print out class statistics
END {
#calculate class average
        for (x = 1; x <= NR; x++)
                class_avg_total += student_avg[x]
        class_average = class_avg_total / NR
#determine how many above/bleow average
        for (x =1; x <= NR; x++)
                if (student_avg[x] >= class_average)
                        ++above_average
                else
                        ++below_average


#print results
  print ""
  print "Class Average:",class_average
  print "At or Above Average:",above_average
  print "Below Average:",below_average
#print number of students per letter grade
  for (lette_grade in class_grade)
        print lette_grade ":",class_grade[lette_grade]| "sort"

}

$cat grade_student.statistics

myna    77      85      83      70      89      70
john    85      92      78      94      88      91
andrea  89      90      85      94      90      95
bush    98      98      89      96      96      92
jams    84      88      80      92      84      82

$awk -f grade_student.awk grade_student.statistics

myna    79    C
john    88    B
andrea    90.5    A
bush    94.8333    A
jams    85    B

Class Average:    87.4667
At or Above Average:    3
Below Average:    2
A:    2
B:    2
C:    1

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/wangzongtao/blog/631681