iOS8之前加载网页都是使用<UIKit/UIKit.h>中的UIWebView,iOS8新出了一个加载网页的控件[WKWebView],它属于<WebKit/WebKit.h>,使用WKWebView相比于UIWebView益处多多,这个具体可以自行百度。从去年开始很多应用都已从iOS8开始适配,如今更不用担心这个问题了。
其他的废话不需要多说
-
- 首先,Demo中新建一个控制器作为其他控制器的父类,并且公开一个返回上一控制器的方法。
BaseViewController:
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import "Masonry/Masonry.h"
@interface BaseViewController : UIViewController
- (void)zjsLeftBarButtonItemAction;
@end
#import "BaseViewController.h"
@interface BaseViewController ()
@end
@implementation BaseViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
self.navigationController.navigationBar.barTintColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
self.navigationController.navigationBar.translucent = NO;
///右滑返回
self.navigationController.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.delegate = (id)self;
[self zjsLeftBarButtonItem];
}
#pragma mark -左侧返回按钮
- (void)zjsLeftBarButtonItem
{
if (self.navigationController.viewControllers.count > 1) {
UIButton *backButton= [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
backButton.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 64, 44);
[backButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"navLeft"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[backButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"navLeft"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
backButton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, -10, 0, 50);
[backButton addTarget:self action:@selector(zjsLeftBarButtonItemAction) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithCustomView:backButton];
}
}
- (void)zjsLeftBarButtonItemAction
{
[self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}
- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
[super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}
@end
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对于BaseViewController, 导航栏给了颜色且设置为不透明
MainStoryBoard直接添加的导航栏,右滑返回给干掉了,这里添加一下:
///右滑返回
self.navigationController.interactivePopGestureRecognizer.delegate = (id)self;
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重写返回按钮,并且公开了返回按钮响应事件 -> 这里对加载网页的控制器有作用,我的处理方式是如此的
- (void)zjsLeftBarButtonItemAction
{
[self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}
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-
- 默认的ViewController ,直接从SB拖出来一个按钮 添加点击事件 -> push到加载网页控制器
- (IBAction)pushWebViewAction:(id)sender {
WebViewController *vc = [[WebViewController alloc] init];
[self.navigationController pushViewController:vc animated:YES];
}
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-
- 使用WKWebView,需要引入<WebKit/WebKit.h>
WKWebView比较常用的两个代理<WKUIDelegate, WKNavigationDelegate>
采用懒加载方式创建WKWebView和进度条对象:
@property (nonatomic, strong) WKWebView *webView;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIProgressView *progressView;
- (WKWebView *)webView
{
if (!_webView) {
_webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:Screen_Bounds];
_webView.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
_webView.UIDelegate = self;
_webView.navigationDelegate = self;
_webView.allowsBackForwardNavigationGestures = YES;//允许右滑手势返回上一页面(网页)
}
return _webView;
}
- (UIProgressView *)progressView
{
if (!_progressView) {
_progressView = [[UIProgressView alloc] init];
_progressView.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];//背景色-若trackTintColor为clearColor,则显示背景颜色
_progressView.progressTintColor = [UIColor blueColor];//进度条颜色
_progressView.trackTintColor = [UIColor clearColor];//进度条还未到达的线条颜色
_progressView.hidden = YES;//初始隐藏
}
return _progressView;
}
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ps: 这里,webView我允许了右滑返回网页手势
WebViewController:
#import "WebViewController.h"
#import <WebKit/WebKit.h>
#define Screen_Bounds [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds
@interface WebViewController ()<WKUIDelegate, WKNavigationDelegate>
@property (nonatomic, strong) WKWebView *webView;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIProgressView *progressView;
@end
@implementation WebViewController
#pragma mark -lazy load
- (WKWebView *)webView
{
if (!_webView) {
_webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:Screen_Bounds];
_webView.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
_webView.UIDelegate = self;
_webView.navigationDelegate = self;
_webView.allowsBackForwardNavigationGestures = YES;//允许右滑手势返回上一页面(网页)
}
return _webView;
}
- (UIProgressView *)progressView
{
if (!_progressView) {
_progressView = [[UIProgressView alloc] init];
_progressView.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];//背景色-若trackTintColor为clearColor,则显示背景颜色
_progressView.progressTintColor = [UIColor blueColor];//进度条颜色
_progressView.trackTintColor = [UIColor clearColor];//进度条还未到达的线条颜色
_progressView.hidden = YES;//初始隐藏
}
return _progressView;
}
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view.
self.title = @"WKWebView";
[self testWKWebView];
}
#pragma mark -父类方法
- (void)zjsLeftBarButtonItemAction
{
NSLog(@"--父类返回按钮响应事件");
if ([self.webView canGoBack]) {
[self canGoBackWebViewPage];
[self rewriteLeftBarButton:YES];
} else {
[self popToLastViewController];
}
}
#pragma mark -跳转网页
- (void)canGoBackWebViewPage
{
[self.webView goBack];
}
#pragma mark -重写左侧返回按钮 是否添加关闭按钮
- (void)rewriteLeftBarButton:(BOOL)add
{
UIButton *backButton= [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
backButton.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 64, 44);
[backButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"navLeft"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[backButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"navLeft"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
backButton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, -10, 0, 50);
[backButton addTarget:self action:@selector(zjsLeftBarButtonItemAction) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
UIBarButtonItem *backItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithCustomView:backButton];
if (add) {
UIButton *closeButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
closeButton.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 44, 44);
closeButton.contentHorizontalAlignment = UIControlContentHorizontalAlignmentLeft;
[closeButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"close"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[closeButton addTarget:self action:@selector(popToLastViewController) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
UIBarButtonItem *closeItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc]initWithCustomView:closeButton];
UIBarButtonItem *space = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemFixedSpace target:nil action:nil];
//正: 向右 负: 向左
space.width = -10;
NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:backItem, space, closeItem, nil];
self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItems = array;
} else {
self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = backItem;
}
}
#pragma mark -pop
- (void)popToLastViewController
{
[self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}
#pragma mark -WKWebView
- (void)testWKWebView
{
[self.view addSubview:self.webView];
NSString *url = @"https://www.baidu.com";
NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:url]];
[self.webView loadRequest:request];
[self.view addSubview:self.progressView];
[self.progressView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
make.leading.and.trailing.equalTo(@0);
make.top.equalTo(self.mas_topLayoutGuideBottom);
make.height.equalTo(@2);
}];
///KVO-title
[self.webView addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"title" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:NULL];
///KVO-estimatedProgress
[self.webView addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"estimatedProgress" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:NULL];
}
/**
KVO获取网页title
@param keyPath 路径
@param object 对象
@param change 改变
@param context 上下文
*/
- (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary<NSKeyValueChangeKey,id> *)change context:(void *)context
{
if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"title"]) {
if ([object isEqual:self.webView]) {
if (self.navigationController) {
self.title = self.webView.title;
}
}
} else if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"estimatedProgress"]) {
if ([object isEqual:self.webView]) {
NSLog(@"-change: %@ ---estimatedProgress: %f", change, self.webView.estimatedProgress);
[self.progressView setProgress:self.webView.estimatedProgress animated:YES];
if (self.webView.estimatedProgress > 0 && self.webView.estimatedProgress < 1) {
_progressView.hidden = NO;
} else if (self.webView.estimatedProgress == 1) {
__weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self;
dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(0.25 * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
weakSelf.progressView.hidden = YES;
[weakSelf.progressView setProgress:0 animated:NO];
});
}
}
} else {
[super observeValueForKeyPath:keyPath ofObject:object change:change context:context];
}
}
#pragma mark -WKNavigationDelegate
///发送请求之前 决定是否跳转
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationActionPolicy))decisionHandler
{
NSLog(@"--发送请求之前 决定是否跳转-decidePolicyForNavigationAction");
NSLog(@"%@",navigationAction.request.URL.absoluteString);
//允许跳转
decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyAllow);
//不允许跳转
//decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyCancel);
}
///页面开始加载时调用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didStartProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation
{
NSLog(@"--页面开始加载调用-didStartProvisionalNavigation");
}
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationResponse:(WKNavigationResponse *)navigationResponse decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationResponsePolicy))decisionHandler
{
NSLog(@"--接收到响应后,决定是否跳转--decidePolicyForNavigationResponse");
NSLog(@"%@",navigationResponse.response.URL.absoluteString);
//比如遇到某些字段 返回 -百度 南京天气预报
NSString *backUrl = @"mipcache.bdstatic.com";
if ([navigationResponse.response.URL.absoluteString rangeOfString:backUrl].location != NSNotFound) {
NSLog(@"--这个字符串中包含: %@", backUrl);
//回调的URL中如果含有backUrl,就直接返回,也就是关闭了webView界面
[self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}
//允许跳转
decisionHandler(WKNavigationResponsePolicyAllow);
//不允许跳转
//decisionHandler(WKNavigationResponsePolicyCancel);
}
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didCommitNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation
{
NSLog(@"--当内容开始返回时调用-didCommitNavigation");
}
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFinishNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation
{
NSLog(@"--页面加载完成之后调用-didFinishNavigation");
}
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didReceiveServerRedirectForProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation
{
NSLog(@"--接收到服务器跳转请求之后-didReceiveServerRedirectForProvisionalNavigation");
}
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFailProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation withError:(NSError *)error
{
NSLog(@"--页面加载失败调用-didFailProvisionalNavigation");
}
#pragma mark -WKUIDelegate
- (WKWebView *)webView:(WKWebView *)webView createWebViewWithConfiguration:(WKWebViewConfiguration *)configuration forNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction windowFeatures:(WKWindowFeatures *)windowFeatures
{
NSLog(@"--创建一个新的webView-createWebViewWithConfiguration");
return [[WKWebView alloc] init];
}
// 输入框
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptTextInputPanelWithPrompt:(NSString *)prompt defaultText:(nullable NSString *)defaultText initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(NSString * __nullable result))completionHandler
{
NSLog(@"%@---%@",prompt, defaultText);
completionHandler(@"http");
}
// 确认框
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptConfirmPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL result))completionHandler
{
NSLog(@"%@",message);
completionHandler(YES);
}
// 警告框
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptAlertPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(void))completionHandler
{
NSLog(@"%@",message);
completionHandler();
}
- (void)dealloc
{
[self.webView removeObserver:self forKeyPath:@"title"];
[self.webView removeObserver:self forKeyPath:@"estimatedProgress"];
}
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对于获取网页标题和网页加载进度,采用的KVO方式监听到值的改变然后修改相应UI。 为什么采用KVO方式监听,这个IDE中有说明:
比如标题:
鼠标左键点到WKWebView,按住command + 鼠标左键会弹出如下图内容,然后左键点击Jump to Definition找到title 有如下说明.
/*! @abstract The page title.
@discussion @link WKWebView @/link is key-value observing (KVO) compliant
for this property.
*/
@property (nullable, nonatomic, readonly, copy) NSString *title;
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加载进度等变化采用KVO方式IDE中也有明确提到.
一定要记得在dealloc中移除监听,否则返回销毁控制器时会导致程序崩溃。
进度条的显示与隐藏我是通过判断KVO方式监听estimatedProgress的值来隐藏或显示的,有些iOSer通过webView的开始加载、成功或失败等回调去显示或隐藏,我觉得也没毛病。
以前公司维护的一个超级老的应用里面有大量的原生与JS等互调情况,不过使用的是UIWebView和<JavaScriptCore/JavaScriptCore.h>,关于这些网上可以搜到很多相关文章介绍。 至于使用WKWebView实现原生与JS的互调等 或许后边会研究下。