查看mysql日志

查看mysql查询日志

MySQL的日志操作:

  1. 确认是否启用日志

    登陆mysql后,执行sql语句:show variables like 'log_bin';

    mysql> show variables like 'log_bin';
    +---------------+-------+
    | Variable_name | Value |
    +---------------+-------+
    | log_bin       | OFF   |
    +---------------+-------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)            

    当前未启用日志。如果Value值为ON,则已启用日志。日志文件在mysql的安装目录的data目录下。
    查看当前日志:mysql> show master status;

  2. 查询日志:log

    开启方式:在my.ini的[mysqld]选项下,添加代码:
    log=C:/backend/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.5/log.txt

  3. 错误日志:log-error

    开启方式:在my.ini的[mysqld]选项下,添加代码:
    log-error=C:/backend/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.5/log-error.txt

  4. 二进制日志:log-bin

    开启方式:在my.ini的[mysqld]选项下,添加代码:
    log-bin=C:/backend/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.5/log-bin

  5. 重启mysql服务

    以管理员身份运行cmd,输入:

    C:\Windows\system32>net stop mysql
    The MySQL service is stopping.
    The MySQL service was stopped successfully.
    
    C:\Windows\system32>net start mysql
    The MySQL service is starting.
    The MySQL service was started successfully.

MySQL的配置文件:my.ini

  1. my.ini的作用

    my.ini是MySQL数据库中使用的配置文件,修改这个文件可以达到更新配置的目的。

  2. 查找 my.ini 的位置

    my.ini存放在MySql安装的根目录。

忘记安装目录时,可通过sql语句查看安装目录。mysql> select @@basedir;

  1. my.ini的具体内容介绍:

    # CLIENT SECTION
    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    #
    # The following options will be read by MySQL client applications.
    # Note that only client applications shipped by MySQL are guaranteed
    # to read this section. If you want your own MySQL client program to
    # honor these values, you need to specify it as an option during the
    # MySQL client library initialization.
    #
    [client]
    
    port=3306
    
    [mysql]
    
    default-character-set=gb2312

    上面显示的是客户端的参数,[client]和[mysql]都是客户端,下面是参数简介:

      1.port参数表示的是MySQL数据库的端口,默认的端口是3306,如果你需要更改端口号的话,就可以通过在这里修改。

      2.default-character-set参数是客户端默认的字符集,如果你希望它支持中文,可以设置成gbk或者utf8。

      3.这里还有一个password参数,在这里设置了password参数的值就可以在登陆时不用输入密码直接进入

    # SERVER SECTION
    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    #
    # The following options will be read by the MySQL Server. Make sure that
    # you have installed the server correctly (see above) so it reads this 
    # file.
    #
    [mysqld]
    
    # The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen on
    port=3306
    
    
    #Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this.
    basedir="E:/Java/Mysql/"
    
    #Path to the database root
    datadir="C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.5/Data/"
    
    # The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is
    # created and no character set is defined
    character-set-server=gb2312
    
    # The default storage engine that will be used when create new tables when
    default-storage-engine=INNODB
    
    # Set the SQL mode to strict
    sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"
    
    # The maximum amount of concurrent sessions the MySQL server will
    # allow. One of these connections will be reserved for a user with
    # SUPER privileges to allow the administrator to login even if the
    # connection limit has been reached.
    max_connections=100
    
    # Query cache is used to cache SELECT results and later return them
    # without actual executing the same query once again. Having the query
    # cache enabled may result in significant speed improvements, if your
    # have a lot of identical queries and rarely changing tables. See the
    # "Qcache_lowmem_prunes" status variable to check if the current value
    # is high enough for your load.
    # Note: In case your tables change very often or if your queries are
    # textually different every time, the query cache may result in a
    # slowdown instead of a performance improvement.
    query_cache_size=0
    
    # The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value
    # increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires.
    # Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files
    # allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in
    # section [mysqld_safe]
    table_cache=256
    
    # Maximum size for internal (in-memory) temporary tables. If a table
    # grows larger than this value, it is automatically converted to disk
    # based table This limitation is for a single table. There can be many
    # of them.
    tmp_table_size=35M
    
    
    # How many threads we should keep in a cache for reuse. When a client
    # disconnects, the client's threads are put in the cache if there aren't
    # more than thread_cache_size threads from before.  This greatly reduces
    # the amount of thread creations needed if you have a lot of new
    # connections. (Normally this doesn't give a notable performance
    # improvement if you have a good thread implementation.)
    thread_cache_size=8
    
    #*** MyISAM Specific options
    
    # The maximum size of the temporary file MySQL is allowed to use while
    # recreating the index (during REPAIR, ALTER TABLE or LOAD DATA INFILE.
    # If the file-size would be bigger than this, the index will be created
    # through the key cache (which is slower).
    myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G
    
    # If the temporary file used for fast index creation would be bigger
    # than using the key cache by the amount specified here, then prefer the
    # key cache method.  This is mainly used to force long character keys in
    # large tables to use the slower key cache method to create the index.
    myisam_sort_buffer_size=69M
    
    # Size of the Key Buffer, used to cache index blocks for MyISAM tables.
    # Do not set it larger than 30% of your available memory, as some memory
    # is also required by the OS to cache rows. Even if you're not using
    # MyISAM tables, you should still set it to 8-64M as it will also be
    # used for internal temporary disk tables.
    key_buffer_size=55M
    
    # Size of the buffer used for doing full table scans of MyISAM tables.
    # Allocated per thread, if a full scan is needed.
    read_buffer_size=64K
    read_rnd_buffer_size=256K
    
    # This buffer is allocated when MySQL needs to rebuild the index in
    # REPAIR, OPTIMZE, ALTER table statements as well as in LOAD DATA INFILE
    # into an empty table. It is allocated per thread so be careful with
    # large settings.
    sort_buffer_size=256K

    上面是服务器断参数,一下是参数的简介:

      1.port参数也是表示数据库的端口。

      2.basedir参数表示MySQL的安装路径。

      3.datadir参数表示MySQL数据文件的存储位置,也是数据库表的存放位置。

      4.default-character-set参数表示默认的字符集,这个字符集是服务器端的。

      5.default-storage-engine参数默认的存储引擎。

      6.sql-mode参数表示SQL模式的参数,通过这个参数可以设置检验SQL语句的严格程度。

      7.max_connections参数表示允许同时访问MySQL服务器的最大连接数,其中一个连接是保留的,留给管理员专用的。

      8.query_cache_size参数表示查询时的缓存大小,缓存中可以存储以前通过select语句查询过的信息,再次查询时就可以直接从缓存中拿出信息。

      9.table_cache参数表示所有进程打开表的总数。

      10.tmp_table_size参数表示内存中临时表的总数。

      11.thread_cache_size参数表示保留客户端线程的缓存。

      12.myisam_max_sort_file_size参数表示MySQL重建索引时所允许的最大临时文件的大小。

      13.myisam_sort_buffer_size参数表示重建索引时的缓存大小。

      14.key_buffer_size参数表示关键词的缓存大小。

      15.read_buffer_size参数表示MyISAM表全表扫描的缓存大小。

      16.read_rnd_buffer_size参数表示将排序好的数据存入该缓存中。

      17.sort_buffer_size参数表示用于排序的缓存大小

    #*** INNODB Specific options ***
    
    
    # Use this option if you have a MySQL server with InnoDB support enabled
    # but you do not plan to use it. This will save memory and disk space
    # and speed up some things.
    #skip-innodb
    
    # Additional memory pool that is used by InnoDB to store metadata
    # information.  If InnoDB requires more memory for this purpose it will
    # start to allocate it from the OS.  As this is fast enough on most
    # recent operating systems, you normally do not need to change this
    # value. SHOW INNODB STATUS will display the current amount used.
    innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=3M
    
    # If set to 1, InnoDB will flush (fsync) the transaction logs to the
    # disk at each commit, which offers full ACID behavior. If you are
    # willing to compromise this safety, and you are running small
    # transactions, you may set this to 0 or 2 to reduce disk I/O to the
    # logs. Value 0 means that the log is only written to the log file and
    # the log file flushed to disk approximately once per second. Value 2
    # means the log is written to the log file at each commit, but the log
    # file is only flushed to disk approximately once per second.
    innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
    
    # The size of the buffer InnoDB uses for buffering log data. As soon as
    # it is full, InnoDB will have to flush it to disk. As it is flushed
    # once per second anyway, it does not make sense to have it very large
    # (even with long transactions).
    innodb_log_buffer_size=2M
    
    # InnoDB, unlike MyISAM, uses a buffer pool to cache both indexes and
    # row data. The bigger you set this the less disk I/O is needed to
    # access data in tables. On a dedicated database server you may set this
    # parameter up to 80% of the machine physical memory size. Do not set it
    # too large, though, because competition of the physical memory may
    # cause paging in the operating system.  Note that on 32bit systems you
    # might be limited to 2-3.5G of user level memory per process, so do not
    # set it too high.
    innodb_buffer_pool_size=107M
    
    # Size of each log file in a log group. You should set the combined size
    # of log files to about 25%-100% of your buffer pool size to avoid
    # unneeded buffer pool flush activity on log file overwrite. However,
    # note that a larger logfile size will increase the time needed for the
    # recovery process.
    innodb_log_file_size=54M
    
    # Number of threads allowed inside the InnoDB kernel. The optimal value
    # depends highly on the application, hardware as well as the OS
    # scheduler properties. A too high value may lead to thread thrashing.
    innodb_thread_concurrency=18

    上面是InnoDB存储引擎使用的参数,一下是参数的简介:

      1.innodb_additional_mem_pool_size参数表示附加的内存池,用来存储InnoDB表的内容。

      2.innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit参数是设置提交日志的时机,若设置为1,InnoDB会在每次提交后将事务日志写到磁盘上。

      3.innodb_log_buffer_size参数表示用来存储日志数据的缓存区的大小。

      4.innodb_buffer_pool_size参数表示缓存的大小,InnoDB使用一个缓冲池类保存索引和原始数据。

      5.innodb_log_file_size参数表示日志文件的大小。

      6.innodb_thread_concurrency参数表示在InnoDB存储引擎允许的线程最大数。

注:每次修改参数后,必须重新启动MySQL服务才会有效。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaohaifengke/p/11043633.html

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