4.56-MariaDB的密码重置4.57 MariaDB慢查询日志 4.58 Tomcat_JDK部署 4.59 zrlog安装 4.60 Nginx代理Tomcat...

于 2019-02-19 03:13:00 发布
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文章标签： 网络 运维 数据库
原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/3708120/blog/3011687
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2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>> hot3.png

4.56-MariaDB的密码重置

如果记得root的密码：

mysqladmin -uroot -paminglinux password "aming-linux"

如果不记得root密码：

1）编辑/etc/my.cnf
	增加：skip-grant
	重启服务
2）登录进MariaDB，执行
	use mysql  切换到mysql库
	desc user  查看user表的所有字段
	update user set authentication_string=password("aming-linux") where user='root';
3）退出MariaDB，删除/etc/my.cnf里面的skip-grant, 重启服务
4）用新密码登录即可

常识：

mysql在5.7.36版本之后把密码字段存到了authentication_string字段里，在之前版本存在password字段里。
update user set password=password("aming-linux") where user='root';

4.57 MariaDB慢查询日志

为什么要配置慢查询日志？

目的是为了帮助我们分析MariaDB的瓶颈点。

如何配置？

1）进入MariaDB里面执行：
	show variables like 'slow%';
	show variables like 'datadir';
	show variables like 'long%';

2）打开配置文件/etc/my.cnf，编辑，增加：
	slow_query_log = ON
	slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/aminglinux01-slow.log
	long_query_time = 2

3）重启服务

4）模拟慢查询
	select sleep(5);

5）查看慢查询日志：
	cat /data/mysql/aminglinux01-slow.log

扩展：

show processlist;
show full processlist;

mysql -uroot -pxxxx -e "show processlist"

 

 

4.58 Tomcat_JDK部署

 

JAVA 应用要运行起来，需要一个JVM（JAVA虚拟机）

JVM --> JDK

Oracle官方JDK下载地址： https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html

CentOS7上yum安装openjdk

yum install -y java-1.8.0-openjdk

Tomcat官方网站：

http://tomcat.apache.org/

Tomcat版本：

7.0  8.5  9.0

下载地址：

https://tomcat.apache.org/download-90.cgi
wget https://www-eu.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.14/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.14.tar.gz

安装Tomcat

tar zxf apache-tomcat-9.0.14.tar.gz
mv apache-tomcat-9.0.14 /usr/local/tomcat

启动

/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

查看端口

netstat -lntp |grep java 
8080为WEB端口
8005 shutdown（管理端口）
8009 AJP端口（第三方的应用连接这个接口，和Tomcat结合起来）

查看进程

ps aux |grep java   ; ps aux |grep tomcat

  4.59 zrlog安装

 

zrlog 是一款开源的JAVA应用，博客系统 官网： https://www.zrlog.com/

下载：

wget 'http://dl.zrlog.com/release/zrlog-2.1.0-3617b2e-release.war?attname=ROOT.war&ref=index'
mv zrlog-2.1.0-3617b2e-release.war\?attname\=ROOT.war\&ref\=index  zrlog-2.1.0.war

安装：

mv zrlog-2.1.0.war  /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/
cd !$
mv ROOT ROOT.bak
mv zrlog-2.1.0 ROOT

浏览器访问：

添加防火墙规则： firewall-cmd --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
		firewall-cmd --reload

http://ip:8080/ 开始安装

数据库操作：

mysql -uroot -paming-linux -e "create database zrlog"
mysql -uroot -paming-linux -e "grant all on zrlog.* to 'zrlog'@'127.0.0.1' identified by 'zrlog-pass'"

4.60 Nginx代理Tomcat

为什么要为Tomcat配置反向代理？

1）如果同一台机器又有Nginx又有Tomcat，则会产生端口冲突。

2）我们需要把8080端口变成80端口

3）Nginx对于静态的请求速度上要优于Tomcat，Tomcat不擅长做高并发的静态文件请求处理

如何配置？

server {

	server_name z.aminglinux.cc;
	
        location /
        {
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }
}

 

代码后续慢慢补齐

4.56 MariaDB密码重置

如果不记得mysql的root密码
[root@test01 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
skip-grant


[root@test01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart    重启
Restarting mysqld (via systemctl):                         [  确定  ]

[root@test01 ~]# mysql -uroot     此时就不需要再输入密码了
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 9
Server version: 10.3.12-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> 

MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql      切换到mysql库下面去
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
MariaDB [mysql]> desc user;       看一下
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
| Field                  | Type                              | Null | Key | Default  | Extra |
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
| Host                   | char(60)                          | NO   | PRI |          |       |
| User                   | char(80)                          | NO   | PRI |          |       |
| Password               | char(41)                          | NO   |     |          |       |
| Select_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Insert_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Update_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Delete_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Create_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Drop_priv              | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Reload_priv            | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Shutdown_priv          | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Process_priv           | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| File_priv              | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Grant_priv             | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| References_priv        | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Index_priv             | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Alter_priv             | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Show_db_priv           | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Super_priv             | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Create_tmp_table_priv  | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Lock_tables_priv       | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Execute_priv           | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Repl_slave_priv        | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Repl_client_priv       | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Create_view_priv       | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Show_view_priv         | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Create_routine_priv    | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Alter_routine_priv     | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Create_user_priv       | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Event_priv             | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Trigger_priv           | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Create_tablespace_priv | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| Delete_history_priv    | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| ssl_type               | enum('','ANY','X509','SPECIFIED') | NO   |     |          |       |
| ssl_cipher             | blob                              | NO   |     | NULL     |       |
| x509_issuer            | blob                              | NO   |     | NULL     |       |
| x509_subject           | blob                              | NO   |     | NULL     |       |
| max_questions          | int(11) unsigned                  | NO   |     | 0        |       |
| max_updates            | int(11) unsigned                  | NO   |     | 0        |       |
| max_connections        | int(11) unsigned                  | NO   |     | 0        |       |
| max_user_connections   | int(11)                           | NO   |     | 0        |       |
| plugin                 | char(64)                          | NO   |     |          |       |
| authentication_string  | text                              | NO   |     | NULL     |       |
| password_expired       | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| is_role                | enum('N','Y')                     | NO   |     | N        |       |
| default_role           | char(80)                          | NO   |     |          |       |
| max_statement_time     | decimal(12,6)                     | NO   |     | 0.000000 |       |
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+----------+-------+
47 rows in set (0.022 sec)

新版本的MariaDB 密码文件是这个authentication_string
MariaDB [mysql]> update user set authentication_string=password("champin") where user='root';
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.001 sec)
Rows matched: 4  Changed: 4  Warnings: 0


MariaDB [mysql]> Bye
[root@test01 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf

删除
skip-grant

[root@test01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart    重启

[root@test01 ~]# mysql -uroot -pchampin    重新登录
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 9
Server version: 10.3.12-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> 

MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
MariaDB [mysql]> select user,host from user;    我们可以看一下有很多用户
+---------+-----------+
| user    | host      |
+---------+-----------+
| bbs     | 127.0.0.1 |
| blogtop | 127.0.0.1 |
| root    | 127.0.0.1 |
| root    | ::1       |
|         | localhost |
| root    | localhost |
|         | test01    |
| root    | test01    |
+---------+-----------+
8 rows in set (0.000 sec)



4.57 MariaDB慢查询日志


MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'slow%';   查看它的slow相关的
+---------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name       | Value           |
+---------------------+-----------------+
| slow_launch_time    | 2               |
| slow_query_log      | OFF             |
| slow_query_log_file | test01-slow.log |
+---------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.002 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'datadir';查看它的datadir
+---------------+--------------+
| Variable_name | Value        |
+---------------+--------------+
| datadir       | /data/mysql/ |
+---------------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.003 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'long%';  查看它的超时时间
+-----------------+-----------+
| Variable_name   | Value     |
+-----------------+-----------+
| long_query_time | 10.000000 |
+-----------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.004 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> Bye

[root@test01 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
增加如下
slow_query_log = ON
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/test01-slow.log
long_query_time = 2

[root@test01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Restarting mysqld (via systemctl):                         [  确定  ]


[root@test01 ~]# mysql -uroot -pchampin    进入MariaDB里面
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 9
Server version: 10.3.12-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> select sleep(5);   模拟慢查询
+----------+ 
| sleep(5) |
+----------+
|        0 |
+----------+
1 row in set (5.001 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> Bye
[root@test01 ~]# cat /data/mysql/t
tc.log           test/            test01.pid       test01-slow.log  
[root@test01 ~]# cat /data/mysql/test01-slow.log       查看慢查询日志
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld, Version: 10.3.12-MariaDB-log (MariaDB Server). started with:
Tcp port: 0  Unix socket: /tmp/mysql.sock
Time		    Id Command	Argument
# Time: 190311 23:12:52
# User@Host: root[root] @ localhost []
# Thread_id: 9  Schema:   QC_hit: No
# Query_time: 5.000687  Lock_time: 0.000000  Rows_sent: 1  Rows_examined: 0
# Rows_affected: 0  Bytes_sent: 63
SET timestamp=1552317172;
select sleep(5);

扩展

[root@test01 ~]# mysql -uroot -pchampin
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 10
Server version: 10.3.12-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show processlist;    查看所有的队列（跟查看所有的进程一个道理）
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------------------+------------------+----------+
| Id | User        | Host      | db   | Command | Time | State                    | Info             | Progress |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------------------+------------------+----------+
|  1 | system user |           | NULL | Daemon  | NULL | InnoDB purge worker      | NULL             |    0.000 |
|  2 | system user |           | NULL | Daemon  | NULL | InnoDB purge coordinator | NULL             |    0.000 |
|  3 | system user |           | NULL | Daemon  | NULL | InnoDB purge worker      | NULL             |    0.000 |
|  4 | system user |           | NULL | Daemon  | NULL | InnoDB purge worker      | NULL             |    0.000 |
|  5 | system user |           | NULL | Daemon  | NULL | InnoDB shutdown handler  | NULL             |    0.000 |
| 10 | root        | localhost | NULL | Query   |    0 | Init                     | show processlist |    0.000 |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------------------+------------------+----------+
6 rows in set (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show  rull processlist;   显示完整的语句
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'rull processlist' at line 1
MariaDB [(none)]> show full processlist;
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------------------+-----------------------+----------+
| Id | User        | Host      | db   | Command | Time | State                    | Info                  | Progress |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------------------+-----------------------+----------+
|  1 | system user |           | NULL | Daemon  | NULL | InnoDB purge worker      | NULL                  |    0.000 |
|  2 | system user |           | NULL | Daemon  | NULL | InnoDB purge coordinator | NULL                  |    0.000 |
|  3 | system user |           | NULL | Daemon  | NULL | InnoDB purge worker      | NULL                  |    0.000 |
|  4 | system user |           | NULL | Daemon  | NULL | InnoDB purge worker      | NULL                  |    0.000 |
|  5 | system user |           | NULL | Daemon  | NULL | InnoDB shutdown handler  | NULL                  |    0.000 |
| 10 | root        | localhost | NULL | Query   |    0 | Init                     | show full processlist |    0.000 |
+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------------------+-----------------------+----------+
6 rows in set (0.000 sec)



4.58 Tomcat_JDK部署


[root@test01 ~]# yum install -y java-1.8.0-openj

[root@test01 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@test01 src]# wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.16/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz

[root@test01 src]# ls
apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz                 nginx-1.14.2
apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz.1               nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz
mariadb-10.3.12-linux-x86_64.tar.gz         php-7.3.1
mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  php-7.3.1.tar.bz2
[root@test01 src]# tar zxf apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz
[root@test01 src]# ls
apache-tomcat-9.0.16           mariadb-10.3.12-linux-x86_64.tar.gz         nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz
apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz    mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  php-7.3.1
apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz.1  nginx-1.14.2                                php-7.3.1.tar.bz2

[root@test01 src]# mv apache-tomcat-9.0.16 /usr/local/tomcat

[root@test01 src]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh 启动Tomcat
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

[root@test01 src]# ps aux |grep java 查看进程
root       7340 10.9  7.8 2289972 78204 pts/3   Sl   23:39   0:03 /usr/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
root       7356  0.0  0.0 112728   976 pts/3    R+   23:39   0:00 grep --color=auto java


[root@test01 src]# netstat -ltnp |grep java  查看监听端口，有3个端口
8080为WEB端口
8005 shutdown（管理端口）
8009 AJP端口（第三方的应用连接这个接口，和Tomcat结合起来）

tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN      7340/java           
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:8005          :::*                    LISTEN      7340/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::8009                 :::*                    LISTEN      7340/java           
         



4.59 安装zrlog

[root@test01 src]# cd 
[root@test01 ~]# wget http://dl.zrlog.com/release/zrlog-2.1.0-3617b2e-release.war?attname=ROOT.war&ref=index
[root@test01 ~]# ls
11.txt  2.txt  anaconda-ks.cfg  startingup.sh
1.txt   3.txt  DiscuzX          zrlog-2.1.0-3617b2e-release.war?attname=ROOT.war


[root@test01 ~]# du -sh zrlog-2.1.0-3617b2e-release.war\?attname\=ROOT.war 也属于一种压缩包
不用管怎么解压，至于要放到某个目录下就可以，会自动解压
9.9M	zrlog-2.1.0-3617b2e-release.war?attname=ROOT.war

[root@test01 ~]# mv zrlog-2.1.0.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/
[root@test01 ~]# cd !$
cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/
[root@test01 webapps]# ls
docs  examples  host-manager  manager  ROOT  zrlog-2.1.0  zrlog-2.1.0.war
[root@test01 webapps]# mv zrlog-2.1.0 zrlog 改个名字，不需要带版本号了。因为等访问的时候要带目录
[root@test01 webapps]# ls
docs  examples  host-manager  manager  ROOT  zrlog  zrlog-2.1.0.war


用浏览器访问tomcat默认界面 192.168.28.107:8080   如果不能访问，检查是不是防火墙阻拦了8080

[root@test01 webapps]# iptables -nvL |grep 8080   检查有没有8080端口，结果没有


[root@test01 webapps]# firewall-cmd --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent  添加防火墙规则，8080端口
success
[root@test01 webapps]# firewall-cmd --reload   还要重载一下
success

然后再用浏览器访问tomcat默认界面 192.168.28.107:8080 
要想访问zrlog,这样192.168.28.107:8080/zrlog
也就是说zrlog在/usr/local/tomcat/webapps这个目录   访问8080实际访问的是/usr/local/tomcat/webapps这个目录

下面这两步不太建议做。访问不了tomcat默认主页
[root@test01 webapps]# mv ROOT ROOT.bak
[root@test01 webapps]# mv zrlog ROOT


[root@test01 webapps]# mysql -uroot -pchampin -e "create database zrlog" 创建库
[root@test01 webapps]# mysql -uroot -pchampin -e "grant all on zrlog.* to 'zrlog'@'127.0.0.1'identified by 'champin'"   创建用户及密码
浏览器访问192.168.28.107:8080/zrlog
填入数据库，安装完成


 4.60 Nginx代理Tomcat


[root@test01 webapps]# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
[root@test01 conf.d]# ls
2.conf  bbs.champin.top.conf  default.conf  www.champin.top.conf
[root@test01 conf.d]# vi z.champinlinux.cc.conf

server {
        server_name z.chamlinux.cc;

        
        location /
        {
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        }
}

[root@test01 conf.d]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@test01 conf.d]# nginx -s reload

还是因为是本机测试，要再windows绑定一个hosts  去ping一下 z.chamlinux.cc
然后在用浏览器访问z.chamlinux.cc去访问,可以去里面做一些细节的设置

 

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3708120/blog/3011687

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