保留ip: Reserved IP addresses

 

Reserved IP addresses

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In the Internet addressing architecture, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) have reserved various Internet Protocol (IP) addresses for special purposes.

 

Contents

 

IPv4[edit]

Address block (CIDR)	Range	Number of addresses	Scope	Purpose
0.0.0.0/8	0.0.0.0 – 0.255.255.255	16,777,216	Software	Used for broadcast messages to the current ("this")[1]
10.0.0.0/8	10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255	16,777,216	Private network	Used for local communications within a private network[2]
100.64.0.0/10	100.64.0.0 – 100.127.255.255	4,194,304	Private network	Used for communications between a service provider and its subscribers when using a carrier-grade NAT[3]
127.0.0.0/8	127.0.0.0 – 127.255.255.255	16,777,216	Host	Used for loopback addresses to the local host[4]
169.254.0.0/16	169.254.0.0 – 169.254.255.255	65,536	Subnet	Used for link-local addresses between two hosts on a single link when no IP address is otherwise specified, such as would have normally been retrieved from a DHCP server[5]
172.16.0.0/12	172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255	1,048,576	Private network	Used for local communications within a private network[2]
192.0.0.0/24	192.0.0.0 – 192.0.0.255	256	Private network	Used for the IANA IPv4 Special Purpose Address Registry[6]
192.0.2.0/24	192.0.2.0 – 192.0.2.255	256	Documentation	Assigned as "TEST-NET" for use in documentation and examples. It should not be used publicly.[7]
192.88.99.0/24	192.88.99.0 – 192.88.99.255	256	Internet	Used by 6to4 anycast relays[8]
192.168.0.0/16	192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255	65,536	Private network	Used for local communications within a private network[2]
198.18.0.0/15	198.18.0.0 – 198.19.255.255	131,072	Private network	Used for testing of inter-network communications between two separate subnets[9]
198.51.100.0/24	198.51.100.0 – 198.51.100.255	256	Documentation	Assigned as "TEST-NET-2" for use in documentation and examples. It should not be used publicly.[7]
203.0.113.0/24	203.0.113.0 – 203.0.113.255	256	Documentation	Assigned as "TEST-NET-3" for use in documentation and examples. It should not be used publicly.[7]
224.0.0.0/4	224.0.0.0 – 239.255.255.255	268,435,455	Internet	Reserved for muticast[10]
240.0.0.0/4	240.0.0.0 – 255.255.255.254	268,435,455	Internet	Reserved for future use[11]
255.255.255.255/32	255.255.255.255	1	Subnet	Reserved for the "limited broadcast" destination address[11]

IPv6[edit]

Address block (CIDR)	Range	Number of addresses	Scope	Purpose
::/128	::	1	Software	Unspecified address
::1/128	::1	1	Host	Loopback address to the local host.
::ffff:0:0/96	::ffff:0.0.0.0 – ::ffff:255.255.255.255	232	Software	IPv4 mapped addresses
100::/64	100:: – 100::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff	264		Discard prefix RFC 6666
64:ff9b::/96	64:ff9b::0.0.0.0 – 64:ff9b::255.255.255.255	232	Global Internet[12]	IPv4/IPv6 translation (RFC 6052)
2001::/32	2001:: – 2001::ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff	296	Global	Teredo tunneling
2001:10::/28	2001:10:: – 2001:1f:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff	2100	Software	Deprecated (previously ORCHID)
2001:20::/28	2001:20:: – 2001:2f:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff	2100	Software	ORCHIDv2
2001:db8::/32	2001:db8:: – 2001:db8:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff	296	Documentation	Addresses used in documentation and example source code
2002::/16	2002:: – 2002:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff	2112	Global Internet	6to4
fc00::/7	fc00:: – fdff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff	2121	Private network	Unique local address
fe80::/10	fe80:: – febf:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff	2118	Link	Link-local address
ff00::/8	ff00:: – ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff	2120	Global Internet	Multicast address