Linux命令行多线程、断点续传下载工具

Linux下载工具对比

最新推荐文章于 2025-08-18 09:25:35 发布

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原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/mickelfeng/blog/1546404

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运维工作中常会在linux命令行下载外网文件或内网进行大文件传输，经常使用的文本下载工具wget、curl，今天给大家推荐支持Linux命令行多线程、断点续传下载工具axel和myget。

1、系统环境

# lsb_release -a

LSB Version: :core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-ia32:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-ia32:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-ia32:printing-4.0-noarch

Distributor ID: CentOS

Description: CentOS release 5.8 (Final)

Release: 5.8

Codename: Final

2、下载工具安装、使用方法介绍

2.1 wget

CentOS 默认已经安装，如需安装请运行

# yum install wget -y

wget版本信息

# wget -V

GNU Wget 1.11.4 Red Hat modified

此工具比较常用，使用方法、参数略

2.2 Axel 下载安装

官方站点http://axel.alioth.debian.org/

源码包地址

http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=100070

最新版本axel-2.4源码包下载地址

http://alioth.debian.org/frs/download.php/3015/axel-2.4.tar.gz

rpm包地址

http://pkgs.repoforge.org/axel/

选择下载对应系统的rpm包

# wget http://pkgs.repoforge.org/axel/axel-2.4-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm

安装axel

# rpm -ivh axel-2.4-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm

axel版本

# axel -V

Axel version 2.4 (Linux)

axel命令使用方法：

axel [选项参数] url1 [url2] [url……]

axel 参数：

--max-speed=x #限速值最高速度

-s x

Specify maximum speed (bytes per second)

--num-connections=x

-n x #连接数

Specify maximum number of connections

--output=f #下载为本地文件

-o f

Specify local output file

--search[=x] #搜索镜像

-S [x]

Search for mirrors and download from x servers

--header=x

-H x #添加头文件字符串

Add header string

--user-agent=x #设置UA

-U x

Set user agent

--no-proxy #不使用代理服务器

-N

Just don't use any proxy server --quiet

--quiet, -q

No output to stdout. #静默模式，不输出到标准输出

--verbose

-v

More status information #更多状态信息

--alternate

--help #帮助

-h

--version #版本

-V

2.3 myget 下载、安装

[root@cobbler-1014 ~]# wget http://myget.sourceforge.net/release/myget-0.1.2.tar.gz

[root@cobbler-1014 ~]# tar zxf myget-0.1.2.tar.gz

[root@cobbler-1014 ~]# cd myget-0.1.2

# ./configure && make && make install

mytget版本，注意myget命令为mytget

# mytget -v

myget 0.1.1

命令mytget用法

mytget [选项] [url]

参数

-b, --debug Show the debug message #看调试信息

-c, --count=num Set the retry count to [num], no limit when "0", the default is "99" #设置重试次数，0为无限，默认是99次。

-d, --directory=dir Set the local direcotry to [dir], the default is "." #指定下载本地目录，默认是当前目录

-f, --file=file Rename the file to [file] #重命名下载到本地的文件名

-h, --help A brief summary of all the options #简短的帮助摘要

-i, --interval=num Set the ftp retry interval to [num] seconds, the default is "5" #设置ftp重试间隔，单位s，默认5秒

-n, --number=num Use [num] connections instead of the default (4) #指定连接数，默认4

-r, --referer=URL Include `Referer: [URL]' header in HTTP request. #包含请求头 Referer

-t, --timeout=num Set the connection timeout to [num] seconds, the default is "30" #设置连接超时时间，默认30秒

-v, --version Show the version of the myget and exit #查看版本信息

-x, --proxy=URL Set the proxy [URL] #设置代理

3、wget、axel、myget测试下载速度对比

3.1 下载速度对比

说明：同一台机器下载同一个数据源链接

3.1.1 wget下载

# wget http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

--2013-03-11 09:29:46-- http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Connecting to 10.0.251.154:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 4353378304 (4.1G) [application/octet-stream]

Saving to: `CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso'

0% [ ] 18,526,067 1.60M/s eta 46m 21s

3.2 axel下载

# axel http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Initializing download: http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

File size: 4353378304 bytes

Opening output file CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso.0

Starting download

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 382.3KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 610.9KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 826.5KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [1003.1KB/s]

略

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [2055.8KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [2074.8KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [2093.6KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [2111.0KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... ...

Downloaded 2693.8 kilobytes in 1 second. (2113.05 KB/s)

# rm -f CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso*

3.2.1 axel 使用10个线程下载

# axel -n 10 http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Initializing download: http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

File size: 4353378304 bytes

Opening output file CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Starting download

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 440.9KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 707.9KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 935.1KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [1138.8KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [1310.5KB/s]

略

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [2180.3KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [2196.9KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [2189.7KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .........

Downloaded 4139.5 kilobytes in 1 second. (2176.65 KB/s)

3.3 myget下载

# mytget http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Begin to download: CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Filesize: 4.1G

0% [ > > > ] [ 27M] [2.5M/s] [ETA:26:58]

3.3.1 myget指定10个线程下载

# mytget -n 10 http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Begin to download: CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Filesize: 4.1G

0% [ > > > > > > > > > ] [ 39M] [2.6M/s] [ETA:26:27]

# ll CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso.mg\!

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4353378404 Mar 11 12:53 CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso.mg!

下载速度对比结论：axel、myget支持多线程，且速度较快都在2M。

4、断点续传对比测试

4.1 axel

# axel -n 10 http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Initializing download: http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

File size: 4353378304 bytes

Opening output file CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Starting download

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 491.8KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 748.4KB/s]

[ 0%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [1007.5KB/s]

略

[ 1%] .......... ........... .......... .......... .......... [2509.3KB/s]

[ 1%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [2509.5KB/s]

[ 1%] .......... .......... .......... ....

Downloaded 45.3 megabytes in 18 seconds. (2510.95 KB/s)

中止下载，进度已经到1%，下载了45.3mb

再次运行下载命令，继续从1%断点续传

# axel -n 10 http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Initializing download: http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

File size: 4353378304 bytes

Opening output file CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

State file found: 47549233 bytes downloaded, 4305829071 to go.

Starting download

,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,...... .......... [ 314.4KB/s]

[ 1%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 603.0KB/s]

[ 1%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [ 839.7KB/s]

略

[ 1%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [1547.1KB/s]

[ 1%] .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... [1548.8KB/s]

# rm -f CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso*

4.2 wget

# wget http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

--2013-03-11 09:51:46-- http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Connecting to 10.0.251.154:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 4353378304 (4.1G) [application/octet-stream]

Saving to: `CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso'

1% [ ] 47,760,647 1.49M/s eta 47m 42s

wget在进度1%中止已经下载47,760,647，再次运行命令，重新开始下载

# wget http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

--2013-03-11 09:53:24-- http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Connecting to 10.0.251.154:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 4353378304 (4.1G) [application/octet-stream]

Saving to: `CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso.1'

0% [ ] 1,032,445 1.21M/s

wget直接运行不支持断点续传

# rm -f CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso*

wget重新测试使其支持断点续传

# wget http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

--2013-03-11 12:40:15-- http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Connecting to 10.0.251.154:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK

Length: 4353378304 (4.1G) [application/octet-stream]

Saving to: `CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso'

1% [> ] 52,620,206 1.57M/s eta 44m 58s

在进度1%，已经下载52,620,206处停止

wget 加-c再次下载，支持断点续传

# wget -c http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

--2013-03-11 12:40:56-- http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Connecting to 10.0.251.154:80... connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial Content

Length: 4353378304 (4.1G), 4300661972 (4.0G) remaining [application/octet-stream]

Saving to: `CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso'

1% [+ ] 59,663,080 1.59M/s eta 44m 14s

# rm -f CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso.mg\!

4.3 myget

# mytget http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Begin to download: CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Filesize: 4.1G

1% [ > > > ] [ 45M] [2.1M/s] [ETA:33:06]

下载进度到1% 文件大小45M

# ll CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso.mg\!

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4353378404 Mar 11 12:54 CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso.mg!

再次执行命令，直接从进度1%开始下载

# mytget http://url/iso/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Begin to download: CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso

Filesize: 4.1G

1% [ > > > ] [ 51M] [2.9M/s] [ETA:23:57]

断点续传对比，三个工具都支持，但wget需要增加-c参数，axel、myget再次执行命令即可。

综上对比推荐大家工作中使用axel或myget提高效率，个人比较喜欢axel。

注意内网传输根据隧道带宽进行限速，别影响线上生产服务数据传输。

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/mickelfeng/blog/1546404