随着网络的发展和普及,邮件服务器正在成为人们日常生活中不可缺少的部分。现在,许多企业采用 Lotus Note, Exchange 作为公司内部的邮件服务器。本文主要介绍一种基于Linux系统的邮件服务器软件(sendmail)提供邮件服务。
注意:之前已经配置好了LNMP web环境。
配置过程/步骤:
1. 安装Sendmail
yum安装或者rpm包安装:
yum -y install sendmail sendmail-devel sendmail-cf sendmail-do m4
2. 设置在系统3和5级别启动
chkconfig --level 35 sendmail on
chkconfig --list sendmail
sendmail 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭
3. 添加邮件服务器的邮件服务域名
vim /etc/mail/local-host-names
将:“linux.com”添加到 local-host-names 文件中
4. 开启sendmail服务器的网络接口
cp sendmail.mc sendmail.mc.bak 为了防止出错,备份配置文件
vim /etc/mail/sendmail.mc
查 找:DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=127.0.0.1, Name=MTA')dnl
修改为:DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp,Addr=0.0.0.0, Name=MTA')dnl
5. 设置SMTP的用户认证
vim /etc/mail/sendmail.mc
查找:
dnl 52 TRUST_AUTH_MECH(`EXTERNAL DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 login PLAIN')dnl
dnl 53 define(`confAUTH_MECHANISMS', `EXTERNAL GSSAPI DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 LOGIN PLAIN')dnl
去掉前面注释:“dnl”
在sendmail服务器中使用了saslauthd服务程序提供用户认证功能,所以要开启它
chkconfig --level 35 saslauthd on
service saslauthd start
6. 生成sendmail.cf文件
cd /etc/mail
m4 sendmail.mc > sendmail.cf
service sendmail restart
7. 用户管理
groupadd mailuser /* 建立邮件用户组*/
useradd -g mailuser -s /sbin/nologin mike /*建立不能登录系统的邮件用户*/
vim /etc/aliases /*sendmail使用aliases机制实现邮件别名和群发功能*/
admin: mike /*admin是mike的别名*/
testgroup: mike,john,tom,jack /*邮件群发,向testgroup邮箱发送就是向4个人发送*/
newaliases /*对aliases.db数据库更新*/
8. 安装POP3,IMAP功能
yum install dovecot
vim /etc/dovecot.conf
查 找:protocols = imap imaps
修改为:protocols = imap imaps pop3 pop3s
chkconfig --level 35 dovecot on
service dovecot restart
到这里sendmail已经配置完成,开启服务器后,可以用outlook邮件客户端软件进行收发邮件。下面在介绍openwebmail的安装:
9. 安装openwebmail
下载所需软件包:www.openwebmail.org www.rpmfind.net
yum install perl-CGI-SpeedyCGI perl-suidperl perl-compress-Zlib perl-Text-Iconv
rpm –ivh --nodeps openwebmail-data-2.53-3.i386.rpm
rpm –ivh --nodeps openwebmail-2.53-3.i386.rpm
10. 初始化openwebmail系统
/var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail/openwebmail-tool.pl --init
11. 修改配置文件
vim /var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail/etc/openwebmail.conf
domainnames linux.com
default_language zh_CN.GB2312
default_iconset Cool3D.Chinese.Simplified
12. 安装Perl的FastCGI模块
下载FCGI: http://cpan.wenzk.com/authors/id/F/FL/FLORA/FCGI-0.71.tar.gz
tar zxvf FCGI-0.71.tar.gz
cd FCGI-0.71
perl Makefile.PL
make && make install
rpm -ivh perl-FCGI-ProcManager-0.18-1.el4.rf.noarch.rpm
或者:yum install perl-FCGI-ProcManager
13. 配置Perl的FastCGI脚本(perl-fast)
vim /etc/init.d/perl-fast
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use FCGI;
use Socket;
use FCGI::ProcManager;
sub shutdown { FCGI::CloseSocket($socket); exit; }
sub restart { FCGI::CloseSocket($socket); &main; }
use sigtrap 'handler', \&shutdown, 'normal-signals';
use sigtrap 'handler', \&restart, 'HUP';
require 'syscall.ph';
use POSIX qw(setsid);
#export FCGI_SOCKET_PATH="/tmp/perl-fastcgi.sock"
#export FCGI_NPROCESSES=4
#&daemonize; we don't daemonize when running under runsv
#this keeps the program alive or something after exec'ing perl scripts
END() { }
BEGIN() { }
{
no warnings;
*CORE::GLOBAL::exit = sub { die "fakeexit\nrc=" . shift() . "\n"; };
};
eval q{exit};
if ($@) {
exit unless $@ =~ /^fakeexit/;
}
&main;
sub daemonize() {
chdir '/' or die "Can't chdir to /: $!";
defined( my $pid = fork ) or die "Can't fork: $!";
exit if $pid;
setsid() or die "Can't start a new session: $!";
umask 0; } sub main { #.... ip sockets #$socket = FCGI::OpenSocket( "127.0.0.1:8999", 10 ); #.... UNIX sockets #$socket = FCGI::OpenSocket( "/temp/perl-fastcgi.sock", 10 ); #foreach $item (keys %env) { delete $ENV{$item}; } #..fastcgi........ my $n_processes = $ENV{FCGI_NPROCESSES} || 4; $proc_manager = FCGI::ProcManager->new( {n_processes => $n_processes} ); #..unix socket $socket = FCGI::OpenSocket( "$ENV{FCGI_SOCKET_PATH}", 10 ); #..Socket.. chmod 0777, $ENV{FCGI_SOCKET_PATH}; ; #use UNIX sockets - user running this script must have w access to the 'Nginx' folder!! $request = FCGI::Request( \*STDIN, \*STDOUT, \*STDERR, \%req_params, $socket, &FCGI::FAIL_ACCEPT_ON_INTR ); $proc_manager->pm_manage(); if ($request) { request_loop() } FCGI::CloseSocket($socket); } sub request_loop { while ( $request->accept() >= 0 ) { $proc_manager->pm_pre_dispatch(); #processing any STDIN input from WebServer (for CGI-POST actions) $stdin_passthrough = ''; { no warnings; $req_len = 0 + $req_params{'CONTENT_LENGTH'}; }; if ( ( $req_params{'REQUEST_METHOD'} eq 'POST' ) && ( $req_len != 0 ) ) { my $bytes_read = 0; while ( $bytes_read < $req_len ) { my $data = ''; my $bytes = read( STDIN, $data, ( $req_len - $bytes_read ) ); last if ( $bytes == 0 || !defined($bytes) ); $stdin_passthrough .= $data; $bytes_read += $bytes; } } #running the cgi app if ( ( -x $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} ) && #can I execute this? ( -s $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} ) && #Is this file empty? ( -r $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} ) #can I read this file? ) { pipe( CHILD_RD, PARENT_WR ); pipe( PARENT_ERR, CHILD_ERR ); my $pid = open( CHILD_O, "-|" ); unless ( defined($pid) ) { print("Content-type: text/plain\r\n\r\n"); print "Error: CGI app returned no output - Executing $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} failed !\n"; next; } $oldfh = select(PARENT_ERR); $| = 1; select(CHILD_O); $| = 1; select($oldfh); if ( $pid > 0 ) { close(CHILD_RD); close(CHILD_ERR); print PARENT_WR $stdin_passthrough; close(PARENT_WR); $rin = $rout = $ein = $eout = ''; vec( $rin, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) = 1; vec( $rin, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) = 1; $ein = $rin; $nfound = 0; while ( $nfound = select( $rout = $rin, undef, $ein = $eout, 10 ) ) { die "$!" unless $nfound != -1; $r1 = vec( $rout, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) == 1; $r2 = vec( $rout, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) == 1; $e1 = vec( $eout, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) == 1; $e2 = vec( $eout, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) == 1; if ($r1) { while ( $bytes = read( PARENT_ERR, $errbytes, 4096 ) ) { print STDERR $errbytes; } if ($!) { $err = $!; die $!; vec( $rin, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) = 0 unless ( $err == EINTR or $err == EAGAIN ); } } if ($r2) { while ( $bytes = read( CHILD_O, $s, 4096 ) ) { print $s; } if ( !defined($bytes) ) { $err = $!; die $!; vec( $rin, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) = 0 unless ( $err == EINTR or $err == EAGAIN ); } } last if ( $e1 || $e2 ); } close CHILD_RD; close PARENT_ERR; waitpid( $pid, 0 ); } else { foreach $key ( keys %req_params ) { $ENV{$key} = $req_params{$key}; } # cd to the script's local directory if ( $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} =~ /^(.*)\/[^\/]+$/ ) { chdir $1; } close(PARENT_WR); #close(PARENT_ERR); close(STDIN); close(STDERR); #fcntl(CHILD_RD, F_DUPFD, 0); syscall( &SYS_dup2, fileno(CHILD_RD), 0 ); syscall( &SYS_dup2, fileno(CHILD_ERR), 2 ); #open(STDIN, "<&CHILD_RD"); exec( $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} ); die("exec failed"); } } else { print("Content-type: text/plain\r\n\r\n"); print "Error: No such CGI app - $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} may not exist or is not executable by this process.\n"; } } }
chmod +x /etc/init.d/perl-fast
vim /etc/profile
添加以下内容:
export FCGI_SOCKET_PATH="/tmp/perl-fastcgi.sock" export FCGI_NPROCESSES=4
执行perl-fast脚本,在后台运行。
source /etc/profile
/etc/init.d/perl-fast &
14. 配置enable_perl.conf文件,文件放在 nginx/conf 目录下。内容如下:
#enable openwebmail
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/perl-fastcgi.sock;
fastcgi_index openwebmail.pl;
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
fastcgi_read_timeout 60;
然后为Nginx添加FastCGI的Perl支持
server {
listen 80;
server_name mail.linuxde.net;
charset gb2312;
access_log /wslogs/linuxde/mail_access.log combined;
location / {
root /var/www;
index index.html index.htm index.PHP;
}
location ~* .*\.pl$ {
root /var/www;
include enable_perl.conf;
}
}
15. 在web服务器中发布openwebmail
为了浏览器中不用输入很长的地址,做一个引导页
vim /var/www/index.php
<script language=javascript>
location.href="cgi-bin/openwebmail/openwebmail.pl";
</script>
16. 文件权限的设置
#chown root.root /var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail/
#chown root.mail /var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail/*
#chmod 775 /var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail/openwebmail*.pl
#chown root.mail /var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail/openwebmail*.pl
#chmod 4555 /usr/bin/suidperl
#chmod 775 /var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail/etc/sessions
配置完毕,测试和如何使用我想应该不用多韶了!