MS SQL SERVER 读取数据库中每个表的描述/注释以及表中字段/列的字段名，字段类型，字段描述/注释/说明等信息...

SELECT  表名 = CASE WHEN a.colorder=1 THEN d.name
                  ELSE ''
             END,表说明 = CASE WHEN a.colorder=1 THEN ISNULL(f.value,'')
                            ELSE ''
                       END,字段序号 = a.colorder,字段名 = a.name,
        标识 = CASE WHEN COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 THEN '√'
                  ELSE '×'
             END,
        主键 = CASE WHEN EXISTS ( SELECT  1
                                FROM    sysobjects
                                WHERE   xtype='PK'
                                        AND name IN (
                                        SELECT  name
                                        FROM    sysindexes
                                        WHERE   indid IN (
                                                SELECT  indid
                                                FROM    sysindexkeys
                                                WHERE   id=a.id
                                                        AND colid=a.colid)) )
                  THEN '√'
                  ELSE '×'
             END,类型 = b.name,占用字节数 = a.length,
        长度 = COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION'),
        小数位数 = ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0),
        允许空 = CASE WHEN a.isnullable=1 THEN '√'
                   ELSE '×'
              END,默认值 = ISNULL(e.text,''),字段说明 = ISNULL(g.[value],'')
FROM    syscolumns a
LEFT   JOIN systypes b
        ON a.xusertype=b.xusertype
INNER   JOIN sysobjects d
        ON a.id=d.id
           AND d.xtype='U'
           AND d.name<>'dtproperties'
LEFT   JOIN syscomments e
        ON a.cdefault=e.id
LEFT   JOIN sys.extended_properties g
        ON a.id=g.major_id
           AND a.colid=g.minor_id
LEFT   JOIN sys.extended_properties f
        ON d.id=f.major_id
           AND f.minor_id=0 --where   d.name='V_test'         --如果只查询指定表,加上此条件
ORDER   BY a.id,a.colorder;

查询出来的效果如图: