第十三章： Rman 维护

1、rman 使用和维护

2、list  查看备份信息
  1）RMAN> list backup;
  2）RMAN> list backup of tablespace users；
  3）RMAN> list backup of datafile 2；
  4）RMAN> list backup of controlfile;
  5) RMAN> list backup of archivelog all;
  6）RMAN> list backup of archivelog until time ='sysdate -1';
  7）RMAN> list backupset 56;
  8）RMAN> list copy；
  9）RMAN> list copy of tablespace users；
  10）RMAN> list copy of datafile 1；
  11）RMAN> list datafilecopy 67；
  12）RMAN> list copy of controlfile;

3、crosscheck：用于检测备份状态（AVAILABLE：可用；UNAVAILABLE ：不可用；expired 过期（备份已经被os 删除了）（防止备份在os下被误删除）
RMAN> crosscheck backup;
RMAN> crosscheck copy；

4、report
RMAN> report schema;  查看目标库的物理结构
RMAN> report need backup;  查看需要做备份的datafile
RMAN> report obsolete; 根据备份冗余策略来判断，那些备份是陈旧的（obsolete）

5、delete  ；删除备份
RMAN> delete backup of datafile 2;
RMAN> delete backup of tablespace system；
RMAN> delete backup ；
RMAN> delete backup of controlfile；
RMAN> delete noprompt backup of controlfile;     ；删除noprompt 不提示
RMAN> delete copy;
RMAN> delete copy of  datafile 10;
RMAN> delete copy of  tablespace users；
RMAN> delete expired backup； 删除过期的备份
RMAN> delete expired copy；
RMAN> delete  obsolete ；删除陈旧的备份
RMAN> delete  noprompt  obsolete； 删除不加提示
 
6、catalog ：可以把手工备份的文件，转换到rman

-------将手工备份注册为p_w_picpath
RMAN> catalog datafilecopy '/disk1/backup/prod/hot_bak/users01.dbf';                                                                    

cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy filename=/disk1/backup/prod/hot_bak/users01.dbf recid=68 stamp=759556193

RMAN> list copy of datafile 2;                                                                                                          


List of Datafile Copies
Key     File S Completion Time Ckp SCN    Ckp Time        Name
------- ---- - --------------- ---------- --------------- ----
68      2    A 19-AUG-11       1457868    19-AUG-11       /disk1/backup/prod/hot_bak/users01.dbf

RMAN> delete copy of datafile 2;

-------将手工备份注册成备份集

RMAN> catalog backuppiece  '/disk1/backup/prod/hot_bak/users01.dbf';

---------注册目录下所有的备份（p_w_picpath）

RMAN> catalog start with ‘/disk1/backup/prod/hot_bak/’；

7、change: 修改备份状态
RMAN> change backupset 66 unAVAILABLE; 
RMAN> change backupset 66 AVAILABLE;