keepalived实现redis双主备份

现在的生产环境基本上都采用主备方式，而如何实现redis的主备呢？一般情况下，redis实现主从复制比较简单，只需要在从服务器的配置文件里配置 "slaveof "即可。但这样存在一个问题：主服务器挂掉时，可临时将业务地址转移到从服务器，但从服务器无法进行写操作。为解决这个问题，在网上查找了一些资料。主要有以下几种方案

1. 使用keepalived+监控脚本实现主备切换
   

2. 使用rediscluster实现双主切换，原理就是模仿MySQL的bin-log机制。

本文介绍一下第一种方案

设计思路

当 Master 与 Slave 均运作正常时, Master负责服务，Slave负责Standby；
当 Master 挂掉，Slave 正常时, Slave接管服务，同时关闭主从复制功能；
当 Master 恢复正常，则从Slave同步数据，同步数据之后关闭主从复制功能，恢复Master身份，于此同时Slave等待Master同步数据完成之后，恢复Slave身份。
然后依次循环。

环境介绍

Master:192.168.3.185

Slave:   192.168.3.186

VIP:       192.168.3.188

实施步骤

1.两台主机上分别安装keepalived服务

#yum -y install keepalived

2.修改keepalived配置文件

Master

global_defs {    notification_email {      acassen@firewall.loc      failover@firewall.loc      sysadmin@firewall.loc    }    notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc    smtp_server 127.0.0.1    smtp_connect_timeout 30    router_id LVS_DEVEL } vrrp_script chk_redis {     script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh"     interval 2 } vrrp_instance VI_1 {     state MASTER     interface em1     virtual_router_id 51     priority 101     authentication {         auth_type PASS         auth_pass redis     }     track_script {         chk_redis     }     virtual_ipaddress {         192.168.3.188     } notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh notify_fault  /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh notify_stop   /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh }

Slave

global_defs {    notification_email {      acassen@firewall.loc      failover@firewall.loc      sysadmin@firewall.loc    }    notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc    smtp_server 127.0.0.1    smtp_connect_timeout 30    router_id LVS_DEVEL } vrrp_script  chk_redis  {     script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh"       interval  2   } vrrp_instance VI_1  {     state  BACKUP       interface  em1       virtual_router_id  51 #    mcast_src_ip 192.168.3.186     priority  100       authentication  {         auth_type  PASS         auth_pass  redis       }     track_script  {         chk_redis       }     virtual_ipaddress  {         192.168.3.188       } notify_master    /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh notify_backup   /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh notify_fault       /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh notify_stop       /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh }

3.编写脚本

首先在两台服务器分别创建监控redis的脚本

#!/bin/bash netstat -ntlp |grep 6379 if  [ "$?" == "0" ]; then     echo $?     exit 0 else     echo $?     exit 1 fi

然后是以下这些

notify_master    /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh
notify_backup   /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh
notify_fault       /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh
notify_stop       /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh

当keepalived进入Master状态时，会执行notify_master;

当keepalived进入Backup状态时，会执行notify_backup;

当keepalived进入fault状态时，会执行notify_fault ；

当keepalived进入stop状态时，会执行notify_stop；

在主服务器上编写以下两个脚本

redis_master.sh

#!/bin/bash REDISCLI="/usr/local/bin/redis-cli" LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE echo  "Being master...."  >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 echo  "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..."  >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.3.186  6379 >>  $LOGFILE  2>&1 sleep 10  #延迟10秒以后待数据同步完成后再取消同步状态 echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..."  >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI SLAVEOF NO ONE  >> $LOGFILE   2>&1

redis_backup.sh

#!/bin/bash REDISCLI="/usr/local/bin/redis-cli" LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[backup]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE echo "Being slave...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 sleep 15 # 延迟15秒待数据被对方同步完成之后再切换主从角色 echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.3.186 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

在从服务器上编写以下两个脚本

#!/bin/bash REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli" LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE2>&1 echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >>$LOGFILE $REDISCLI  SLAVEOF 192.168.3.185 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 sleep 10 #延迟10秒以后待数据同步完成后再取消同步状态 echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

redis_backup.sh

#!/bin/bash REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli" LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log" echo "[backup]" >> $LOGFILE date >> $LOGFILE echo "Being slave...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1 sleep 15 #延迟15秒待数据被对方同步完成之后再切换主从角色 echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE $REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.3.185 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

主从共同编写以下两个脚本

redis_fault.sh

#!/bin/bash
LOGFILE=/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log
echo "[fault]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE

redis_stop.sh

#!/bin/bash
LOGFILE=/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log
echo  "[stop]">> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE

添加执行权限

#chmod +x *.sh

4.启动并验证

a.启动redis-server

b.启动keepalived

    使用命令ip a查看VIP

c.访问VIP，并写入数据

# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -h 192.168.3.188 set hello 1
OK
d.模拟主服务down掉，访问VIP并写入数据

主服务哭关闭redis进程

#pkill -9 redis

查看VIP

访问VIP

# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -h 192.168.3.188 get hello
"1"

写入数据

# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -h 192.168.3.188 set hello2 2
OK

e恢复主服务并查看写添加数据

# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -h 192.168.3.188 get hello2
"2"

至此，双主备份成功实现。

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/huangzhijun/1725606