hello.c
// Defining __KERNEL__ and MODULE allows us to access kernel-level code not usually available to userspace programs.
#undef __KERNEL__
#define __KERNEL__
#undef MODULE
#define MODULE
// Linux Kernel/LKM headers: module.h is needed by all modules and kernel.h is needed for KERN_INFO.
#include <linux/module.h> // included for all kernel modules
#include <linux/kernel.h> // included for KERN_INFO
#include <linux/init.h> // included for __init and __exit macros
static int __init hello_init(void)
{
printk(KERN_INFO "Hello world!\n");
return 0; // Non-zero return means that the module couldn't be loaded.
}
static void __exit hello_cleanup(void)
{
printk(KERN_INFO "Cleaning up module.\n");
}
module_init(hello_init);
module_exit(hello_cleanup);
Makefile
obj-m := hello.o
KDIR := /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
PWD := $(shell pwd)
all:
$(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
$(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) clean
执行命令: make
你也许会得到如下错误:
In file included from /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-38-generic/include/linux/list.h:6,
from /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-38-generic/include/linux/module.h:9,
from hello_module.c:1:
/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-38-generic/include/linux/prefetch.h:14:27: error: asm/processor.h: No such file or directory
/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-38-generic/include/linux/prefetch.h:15:23: error: asm/cache.h: No such file or directory
In file included from /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-38-generic/include/linux/module.h:9,
from hello_module.c:1:
/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-38-generic/include/linux/list.h:7:24: error: asm/system.h: No such file or directory
In file included from /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-38-generic/include/linux/kernel.h:11,
from /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-38-
......
你需要做如下操作:
Install and prepare module-assistant.
$ sudo -i
$ apt-get install module-assistant
$ m-a prepare
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-$(uname -r)
$ make
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.32-38-generic/build M=/home/jerikc/studydir/linux/module modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-38-generic'
CC [M] /home/jerikc/studydir/linux/module/hello.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 1 modules
CC /home/jerikc/studydir/linux/module/hello.mod.o
LD [M] /home/jerikc/studydir/linux/module/hello.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-38-generic'
OK,成功得到hello.ko,下面进行测试:
加载module:
$ sudo insmod hello.ko
验证:
$ tail /var/log/syslog
Aug 25 12:29:07 ubuntu dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.10.129 on eth0 to 192.168.10.254 port 67
Aug 25 12:29:07 ubuntu dhclient: DHCPACK of 192.168.10.129 from 192.168.10.254
Aug 25 12:29:07 ubuntu dhclient: bound to 192.168.10.129 -- renewal in 865 seconds.
Aug 25 12:33:32 ubuntu kernel: [ 1886.549673] Hello world!
或者使用lsmod查看module信息:
$ lsmod
Module Size Used by
hello 596 0
... ... ...
卸载module:
$ sudo rmmod hello
$ tail /var/log/syslog
Aug 25 12:43:32 ubuntu dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.10.129 on eth0 to 192.168.10.254 port 67
Aug 25 12:43:32 ubuntu dhclient: DHCPACK of 192.168.10.129 from 192.168.10.254
Aug 25 12:43:32 ubuntu dhclient: bound to 192.168.10.129 -- renewal in 702 seconds.
Aug 25 12:51:07 ubuntu kernel: [ 2939.379275] Cleaning up module.
实验完毕!