最近爱上了python,就非常喜欢使用python来练手,在上次的基础上完善一下代码,实现采集wordpress程序的网站的整站数据的爬虫程序,本站也是采用的wordpress,我就拿吾八哥网(http://www.5bug.wang/)来练手了!简单分析下这个爬虫的思路,从首页开始,抓取href标签,到子页面后还是要继续找href标签,那么很容易想到要用到递归了,直接贴代码吧!写了点简单的注释,如下:
import re
import bs4
import urllib.request
url_home = 'http://www.5bug.wang/' #要采集的网站
url_pattern = url_home + '([\s\S]*)\.html' #正则表达式匹配文章页面,此处需完善为更好的写法
url_set = set()
url_cache = set()
url_count = 0
url_maxCount = 1000 #最大采集数量
#采集匹配文章内容的href标签
def spiderURL(url, pattern):
html = urllib.request.urlopen(url).read().decode('utf8')
soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
links = soup.find_all('a', href = re.compile(pattern))
for link in links:
if link['href'] not in url_cache:
url_set.add(link['href'])
return soup
#采集的过程 异常处理还需要完善,对于一些加了防采集的站,还需要处理header的,下次我们再学习
spiderURL(url_home, url_pattern)
while len(url_set) != 0:
try:
url = url_set.pop()
url_cache.add(url)
soup = spiderURL(url, url_pattern)
page = soup.find('div', {'class':'content'})
title = page.find('h1').get_text()
autor = page.find('h4').get_text()
content = page.find('article').get_text()
print(title, autor, url)
except Exception as e:
print(url, e)
continue
else:
url_count += 1
finally:
if url_count == url_maxCount:
break
print('一共采集了: ' + str(url_count) + ' 条数据')