Prism学习笔记(四)：Commanding

本节结束了Prism中Commanding QuickStart这个项目，主要讲解了CompositeCommand和DelegateCommand。CompositeCommand往往来出来一批命令，就像下面的Order，你可以填写一个订单后，就保存这个订单。你可以一个订单，但不保存，继续天下一个订单，最后点击一个按钮SaveAllOrders，把所填的所有订单一次性全部保存。

首先我们来看看OrderModule，它是一个模块，代码如下：

通过使用DelegateCommand，你可以为Execute和CanExecute方法提供委托。

（1）在OrderPresentationModel.cs文件中 SaveOrderCommand的委托命令被创建 

public OrderPresentationModel( Services.Order order )
{
_order = order;

//TODO: 01 - Each Order defines a Save command.
this.SaveOrderCommand = new DelegateCommand<object>( this.Save, this.CanSave );

// Track all property changes so we can validate.
this.PropertyChanged += this.OnPropertyChanged;

this.Validate();
}

（2）对应的DelegateCommand委托方法

private bool CanSave( object arg )
{
// TODO: 02 - The Order Save command is enabled only when all order data is valid.
// Can only save when there are no errors and
// when the order quantity is greater than zero.
return this .errors.Count == 0 && this .Quantity > 0 ;
}

private void Save( object obj )
{
// Save the order here.
Console.WriteLine(
String.Format( CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, " {0} saved. " , this .OrderName ) );

// Notify that the order was saved.
this .OnSaved( new DataEventArgs < OrderPresentationModel > ( this ) );
}

（3）OrdersCommands.xaml.cs中顶一个静态类OrdersCommands来封装静态的CompositeCommand实例。并且封装OrdersCommandProxy作为代理类，封装了属性

namespace Commanding.Modules.Order
{
/// <summary>
/// Defines the SaveAll command. This command is defined as a static so
/// that it can be easily accessed throughout the application.
/// </summary>
public static class OrdersCommands
{
// TODO: 03 - The application defines a global SaveAll command which invokes the Save command on all registered Orders. It is enabled only when all orders can be saved.
// 定义CompositeCommand用来保存所有没有保存的订单
public static CompositeCommand SaveAllOrdersCommand = new CompositeCommand();
}

/// <summary>
/// Provides a class wrapper around the static SaveAll command.
/// </summary>
public class OrdersCommandProxy
{
public virtual CompositeCommand SaveAllOrdersCommand
{
get { return OrdersCommands.SaveAllOrdersCommand; }
}
}
}

 （4）在OrdersEditorPresentationModel.cs中对OrdersCommandProxy进行代码的调用 

/// <summary>
/// Presentation model to support the OrdersEditorView.
/// </summary>
public class OrdersEditorPresentationModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private readonly IOrdersRepository ordersRepository;
private readonly OrdersCommandProxy commandProxy;

private ObservableCollection < OrderPresentationModel > _orders { get ; set ; }

public OrdersEditorPresentationModel( IOrdersRepository ordersRepository, OrdersCommandProxy commandProxy )
{
this .ordersRepository = ordersRepository;
this .commandProxy = commandProxy;

// Create dummy order data.
this .PopulateOrders();

// Initialize a CollectionView for the underlying Orders collection.
#if SILVERLIGHT
this .Orders = new PagedCollectionView( _orders );
#else
this .Orders = new ListCollectionView( _orders );
#endif
// Track the current selection.
this .Orders.CurrentChanged += SelectedOrderChanged;
this .Orders.MoveCurrentTo( null );
}

public ICollectionView Orders { get ; private set ; }

private void SelectedOrderChanged( object sender, EventArgs e )
{
SelectedOrder = Orders.CurrentItem as OrderPresentationModel;
NotifyPropertyChanged( " SelectedOrder " );
}

public OrderPresentationModel SelectedOrder { get ; private set ; }

private void PopulateOrders()
{
_orders = new ObservableCollection < OrderPresentationModel > ();

foreach ( Services.Order order in this .ordersRepository.GetOrdersToEdit() )
{
// Wrap the Order object in a presentation model object.
var orderPresentationModel = new OrderPresentationModel( order );
_orders.Add( orderPresentationModel );

// Subscribe to the Save event on the individual orders.
orderPresentationModel.Saved += this .OrderSaved;

// TODO: 04 - Each Order Save command is registered with the application's SaveAll command.
// 每个Order的Save commnad被注册到了应用程序的SaveAll command
commandProxy.SaveAllOrdersCommand.RegisterCommand( orderPresentationModel.SaveOrderCommand );
}
}

// Saved事件方法
// class DataEventArgs<TData> : EventArgs 包含一个构造函数DataEventArgs(TData value)和属性TData Value { get; }
private void OrderSaved( object sender, DataEventArgs < OrderPresentationModel > e )
{
if (e != null && e.Value != null )
{
OrderPresentationModel order = e.Value;
if ( this .Orders.Contains( order ) )
{
// 取消OrderSaved事件方法
order.Saved -= this .OrderSaved;
// 当某一个订单已经被保存，就应在SaveAllOrdersCommand取消改保存，以免重复保存
this .commandProxy.SaveAllOrdersCommand.UnregisterCommand( order.SaveOrderCommand );
// 从订单集合中移除该订单（表示保存陈宫）
this ._orders.Remove( order );
}
}
}

#region INotifyPropertyChanged Members

public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

private void NotifyPropertyChanged( string propertyName )
{
if ( this .PropertyChanged != null )
{
this .PropertyChanged( this , new PropertyChangedEventArgs( propertyName ) );
}
}

#endregion
}

(5)在OrdersEditorView.xaml中，SaveButton按钮的绑定

< Button Grid.Row ="6" Grid.Column ="1" Content ="Save" prism:Click.Command =" {Binding Path=SaveOrderCommand} " AutomationProperties.AutomationId ="SaveButton" />

（6）在OrdersToolBar.xaml，SaveAllToolBarButton按钮绑定

< Button AutomationProperties.AutomationId ="SaveAllToolBarButton" prism:Click.Command =" {Binding SaveAllOrdersCommand} " Content ="Save All Orders" Width ="120" />

（7）程序运行界面截图：

（8）项目组织结构截图：

（9）后续关于改项目的模块介绍

OrderModuled的介绍

public class OrderModule : IModule
{
private readonly IRegionManager regionManager;
private readonly IUnityContainer container;

public OrderModule( IUnityContainer container, IRegionManager regionManager )
{
this .container = container;
this .regionManager = regionManager;
}

public void Initialize()
{
// 将具体类OrdersRepository与之对应的IOrdersRepository关联，实现IOC（控制反转或者叫依赖注入）来解耦
this .container.RegisterType < IOrdersRepository, OrdersRepository > ( new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager());

// this.container.Resolve<OrdersEditorView>()将具体OrdersEditorView控件从容器中解耦，
// RegisterViewWithRegion将解耦出来OrdersEditorView控件注册到相应的MainRegion中
this .regionManager.RegisterViewWithRegion( " MainRegion " ,
() => this .container.Resolve < OrdersEditorView > () );

// this.container.Resolve<OrdersToolBar>()将具体的OrdersToolBar控件从容器中解耦，
// RegisterViewWithRegion将解耦出来OrdersToolBar控件注册到相应的GlobalCommandsRegion中
this .regionManager.RegisterViewWithRegion( " GlobalCommandsRegion " ,
() => this .container.Resolve < OrdersToolBar > () );
}
}

在看看CommandingBootstrapper.cs中代码

public class CommandingBootstrapper : UnityBootstrapper
{
protected override DependencyObject CreateShell()
{
return Container.Resolve < Shell > ();
}

protected override void InitializeShell()
{
base .InitializeShell();

#if SILVERLIGHT
App.Current.RootVisual = (UIElement) this .Shell;
#else
App.Current.MainWindow = (Window) this .Shell;
App.Current.MainWindow.Show();
#endif
}

protected override void ConfigureModuleCatalog()
{
base .ConfigureModuleCatalog();

ModuleCatalog moduleCatalog = (ModuleCatalog) this .ModuleCatalog;
moduleCatalog.AddModule( typeof (OrderModule));
}

}

在看看Shell.xaml