dhcp+tftp+pxe+kickstart网络引导与无人值守安装

dhcp+tftp+pxe+kickstart网络引导与无人值守安装

环境为:Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 5 Update 4 (rhel5.4)

server(server1.example.com:192.168.10.254)

client(stationX.example.com:192.168.10.X)

1,配置yum本地库，搭nfs server,目的是共享安装源

把RHEL5的光盘的所有东西拷到/var/ftp/pub

[root@server1 ~]#mount –t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom

[root@server1 ~]# cp -r /media/cdrom/* /var/ftp/pub/

设置nfs 配置文件

[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/exports

/var/ftp/pub 192.168.10.0/24(ro,sync)

[root@server1 ~]# service nfs restart

再做个http server

[root@server1 ~]# yum install -y httpd

[root@server1 ~]# cd /var/www/html/

[root@server1 html]# ln -s /var/ftp/pub/ pub

[root@server1 html]# ls -l

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Sep 4 02:21 pub -> /var/ftp/pub/

配置yum本地库：

[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/server1.repo

[base] ---->仓库名字一定为"base”

name=server1

baseurl=file:///media/cdrom/Server

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

清除yum缓存

[root@server1 ~]# yum clean all

2,制作kickstart脚本文件

[root@server1 ~]# yum list | grep kickstart

This system is not registered with RHN.

RHN support will be disabled.

pykickstart.noarch 0.43.5-1.el5 installed

system-config-kickstart.noarch 2.6.19.8-2.el5 installed

[root@server1 ~]# yum install -y system-config-kickstart

[root@server1 ~]# system-config-kickstart

会弹出图形界面,相信大家都会的.

完成后保存成文件

打开这个文件看看效果(也可以直接在这个文件里编辑)

[root@server1 ~]# vim /var/ftp/pub/ksfile/ks_32.cfg

auth --useshadow --enablemd5

bootloader --location=mbr

zerombr

clearpart --all --initlabel

graphical

firewall --disabled

firstboot --disable

key --skip

keyboard us

lang en_US

logging --level=info

nfs --server=192.168.10.254 --dir=/var/ftp/pub

network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on

reboot

rootpw --iscrypted $1$rj5p8xZ3$OnS8CeYJHecHLvOkykJZ91

selinux --enforcing

timezone Asia/Shanghai

install

xconfig --defaultdesktop=GNOME --depth=16 --resolution=800x600 --startxonboot

part /boot --bytes-per-inode=4096 --fstype="ext3" --size=100

part / --bytes-per-inode=4096 --fstype="ext3" --size=5000

part swap --bytes-per-inode=4096 --fstype="swap" --size=512

part /home --bytes-per-inode=4096 --fstype="ext3" --size=512

%post

%packages

@base

@gnome-desktop

@system-tools

@sound-and-video

@graphical-internet

@graphics

@office

@text-internet

@printing

@games

@chinese-support

@editors

@base-x

2,配制DHCP server,

[root@server1 ~]# yum install -y dhcp

[root@server1 ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.5/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcpd.conf

[root@server1 ~]# vim /etc/dhcpd.conf

ddns-update-style interim;

ignore client-updates;

next-server 192.168.10.254;              --->指定tftp server

filename "pxelinux.0";                         --->指定filename

subnet 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

# --- default gateway

option routers 192.168.10.254;

option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;

option nis-domain "notexample";

option domain-name "example.com";

option domain-name-servers 192.168.10.254;

option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time

option ntp-servers 192.168.10.254;

# option netbios-name-servers 192.168.1.1;

# --- Selects point-to-point node (default is hybrid). Don't change this unless

# -- you understand Netbios very well

# option netbios-node-type 2;

range dynamic-bootp 192.168.10.10 192.168.10.20;

default-lease-time 21600;

max-lease-time 86400;

# we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address

host ns {

hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD;

fixed-address 207.175.42.254;

}

}

3,设置tftp server

tftp-server默认系统已经安装

[root@server1 ~]# rpm -qa |grep tftp

tftp-server-0.49-2

[root@server1 ~]# cd /tftpboot/

[root@server1 tftpboot]# locate pxelinux.0

/usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0

[root@server1 tftpboot]# cp /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /tftpboot/

[root@server1 tftpboot]# cp /var/ftp/pub/isolinux/* /tftpboot/

[root@server1 tftpboot]# mkdir pxelinux.cfg

[root@server1 tftpboot]# cp isolinux.cfg pxelinux.cfg/default

[root@server1 tftpboot]# chmod 644 pxelinux.cfg/default

[root@server1 tftpboot]# vim pxelinux.cfg/default

default linux

prompt 1

timeout 600                       --->这个是等待时间默认为60秒,可以自行修改

display boot.msg

F1 boot.msg

F2 options.msg

F3 general.msg

F4 param.msg

F5 rescue.msg

label linux

kernel vmlinuz

append initrd=initrd.img ks=http://192.168.10.254/pub/ksfile/ks_32.cfg                --->加上刚才的脚本

label text

kernel vmlinuz

append initrd=initrd.img text

label ks

kernel vmlinuz

append ks initrd=initrd.img

label local

localboot 1

label memtest86

kernel memtest

append -

服务器基本配置完成!

client开始验证

开机时按F12就可以了进入网络引导了

又到了熟悉的界面了,直接回车

等!

等!

等!

等待全自动完成!无人值守的步骤就完成了!

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/masondong/401085