• 文档模型： 用于将 XML 数据当作树型对象进行解析和操纵的技术，也称作“拉”模型。请参阅作为示例的 DOM API 标准。
  • DOM： “文档对象模型”是 XML 文档的一种特殊树型结构编程模型，W3C 将它描述成一个标准。DOM 标准目前分成三个级别。DOM 1.0 是指 DOM 级别 1.0 一致性；DOM 级别 2 是最新的规范，W3C 正将它认可为“推荐”；DOM 级别 3 在本文创作时正在草拟中。
  • DTD： 文档类型定义。一种 XML 文件，定义了 XML 元素和那些元素的 XML 属性，而且指定了如何嵌套 XML 标记以及元素可以包含什么数据的规则。请参阅 Jane Fung 的 XML 和 DTD 简介以获取更多详细信息。
  • 事件模型： 用于通过使用回调或处理程序对 XML 数据进行解析的技术；也称作“推”模型。例如， 请参阅SAX API 标准。
  • 名称空间： 明确从不同的 DTD 或模式中标识出 XML 标记的方法，这样它们可以混合在同一个 XML 文档中。RDF 非常依赖于这个特性；XML 1.0 标记“xmlns”可以用于在 XML 文档中定义名称空间。
  • RDF： 资源描述框架，用于将 XML 属性数据和通常驻留在别处的信息相关联的一种压缩 XML 方言。您的驱动程序的许可证就类似于描述您的 RDF XML 文件。
  • SAX： Simple API for XML 是用于 XML 解析器实现的标准编程接口；SAX 使用面向事件的编程模型。SAX 是由 David Megginson 最早开发的事实上的标准，现在由 XML-dev 邮件列表维护。
  • SOAP： “简单对象访问协议”是类似于 XML-RPC（ 请参阅XML-RPC）的网络协议。通过使用 SOAP，应用程序可以创建远程对象、调用该对象上的方法，以及检索结果。
  • 验证： 关于 DTD 和模式，验证结构良好的 XML 文档是否正确。
  • 结构良好： 一个 XML 文档，它的标记和数据符合 XML 1.0 语法。
  • W3C： 世界万维网联盟，它已经成为大多数 XML 相关技术的重要标准主体。W3C 将最终认可的规范称作“推荐”（而不是标准）。
  • XML 1.0： W3C 颂扬的第一个 XML 语法标准；建立了 XML 数据的基本规则，如所有标记都必须以斜杠（ / ）结束，如： ，或者后跟一个结束标记，如： close the tag on your way out 。
  • XML-RPC： XML 远程过程调用。XML-RPC 是用于跨网络调用方法和服务的标准 XML 方言；就象您认为的那样，XML-RPC 使用 XML 进行客户机和服务器之间的消息传递。
  • XML 模式： XML 模式是一种 W3C 推荐，它类似于 DTD，用于定义 XML 文档的结构，但具有更好的灵活性。XML 模式使用 XML 1.0 语法来指定模式，这与用于 DTD 的比较早期的 SGML 语法相反。
  • XQuery： 其部分功能类似于 XSLT，但设计得更有利于充当 XML 数据的查询语言 ― 类似于在关系数据库中使用 SQL。作为规范，它还不如 XSLT 成熟，XQuery 也许会成为今后十年里的 SQL。
  • XSLT： 可扩展样式语言转换，一种用于转换 XML 内容的 XML 方言。将 XSLT 文件应用于某些 XML 输入数据，以生成期望的 XML 输出数据。
These XML terms may come in handy as you read about the libraries discussed in this article:
  • Document model: Technique for parsing and manipulating XML data as a treelike object; this is also called a "pull" model. See the DOM API standard as an example.
  • DOM: The Document Object Model is a specific tree-structured programming model of an XML document described as a standard by the W3C. The DOM standard is currently divided into three levels. DOM 1.0 refers to DOM Level 1.0 conformance; DOM Level two is the most current spec that has been approved by the W3C as a Recommendation; DOM Level 3 is in draft at the time of this writing.
  • DTD: Document Type Definition. An XML file that defines XML elements and XML attributes for those elements and that specifies rules for how XML tags may be nested and what data an element may contain.
  • Event model: Technique for parsing XML data using callbacks or handlers; this is also called a "push" model. See the SAX API standard as an example.
  • Namespaces: Means of unambiguously identifying XML tags from different DTDs or schemas so they can be mixed in the same XML document. RDF is highly dependent upon this feature; the XML 1.0 token "xmlns" can be used to define a namespace within an XML document.
  • RDF: Resource Description Framework, a compact XML dialect for associating XML attribute data with information that usually resides elsewhere. Your driver's license would be analogous to an RDF XML file that describes you.
  • SAX: Simple API for XML is a standard programming interface for XML parser implementations; SAX uses an event-oriented programming model. SAX is a de facto standard first developed by David Megginson and now maintained by the XML-dev mailing list.
  • SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol is a network protocol similar to XML-RPC (see XML-RPC). Using SOAP, an application can create a remote object, invoke methods on that object, and retrieve results.
  • Validation: Verifying that a well formed XML document is correct with respect to a DTD or schema.
  • Well formed: An XML document whose tags and data are consistent with XML 1.0 syntax.
  • W3C: The Worldwide Web Consortium, which has become the key standards body for most of the XML-related technologies. The W3C calls a finally approved specification a Recommendation (rather than a standard).
  • XML 1.0: The first standard for XML syntax blessed by the W3C; establishes basic rules for XML data, such as all tags must be closed with a slash (/) like this: <example/> or followed by a closing tag like this: <example>close the tag on your way out</example>.
  • XML-RPC: XML Remote Procedure Call. XML-RPC is a standard XML dialect for invoking methods and services across a network; as you can guess, XML-RPC uses XML for the messaging between client and server.
  • XML Schema: XML Schema, a W3C Recommendation, works much like a DTD to define the structure of an XML document but with more flexibility. XML Schema uses XML 1.0 syntax to specify the schema, in contrast to the older SGML syntax used for DTDs.
  • XQuery: Similar in some of its functionality to XSLT but designed more toward acting as a query language for XML data -- analogous to using SQL in a relational database. Less mature than XSLT as a specification, XQuery may become the SQL of the next decade.
  • XSLT: Extensible Style Language Transforms, an XML dialect for transforming XML content. You apply an XSLT file to some XML input data to produce the desired XML output data.