（12）改变图片的大小生成缩略图

问题

你允许用户上传一个图片，但是传统的来说，这个图片一般是从一个camera输出的，这个图片太大。所以你想展现一个简单的图片或者缩略图。在你的网站允许用户在他看到完整图片之前先预览缩略图（译者：这是一个很好的用户体验）。

解决方案

使用以下几个类去更新现有的文件上传功能去调整图片：FileStream, Image, Bitmap,和Graphics 类去指定宽度和高度。

讨论

在下面的例子，以前创建的FileUpload类将得到更新和重组。创建一个新的功能，称为ResizeImage执行调整图片大小。调整大小后的图像将被保存在以前的文件夹的子文件夹中，名为（thumbnail）缩略图。 DeleteFile函数也被更新，同时删除缩略图和原始图像，并创建一个新的函数，并调用了两次删除功能 为了避免重复代码。下面是FileUpload类的代码：

译者：下边标红的代码是我加上去的。这样我们可以把图片和缩略图存到我们项目的文件夹下。否则他会存到：C:Program FilesCommon FilesMicrosoft SharedDevServer10.0目录下。

双击代码全选

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using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Drawing; using System.Drawing.Drawing2D; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.IO;   namespace MvcApplication.Utils {      public static class FileUpload      {          public static char DirSeparator = Path.DirectorySeparatorChar;          public static string FilesPath = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(string.Format("Content{0}Uploads{1}", DirSeparator, DirSeparator));          public static string UploadFile(HttpPostedFileBase file)          {              // Check if we have a file              if (null == file) return "";              // Make sure the file has content              if (!(file.ContentLength > 0)) return "";              string fileName = file.FileName;              string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(file.FileName);              // Make sure we were able to determine a proper              // extension              if (null == fileExt) return "";              // Check if the directory we are saving to exists              if (!Directory.Exists(FilesPath))              {                  // If it doesn't exist, create the directory                  Directory.CreateDirectory(FilesPath);              }              // Set our full path for saving              string path = FilesPath + DirSeparator + fileName;              // Save our file              file.SaveAs(Path.GetFullPath(path));              // Save our thumbnail as well              ResizeImage(file, 150, 100);              // Return the filename              return fileName;          }          public static void DeleteFile(string fileName)          {              // Don't do anything if there is no name              if (fileName.Length == 0) return;              // Set our full path for deleting              string path = FilesPath + DirSeparator + fileName;              string thumbPath = FilesPath + DirSeparator +              "Thumbnails" + DirSeparator + fileName;              RemoveFile(path);              RemoveFile(thumbPath);          }          private static void RemoveFile(string path)          {              // Check if our file exists              if (File.Exists(Path.GetFullPath(path)))              {                  // Delete our file                  File.Delete(Path.GetFullPath(path));              }          }          public static void ResizeImage(HttpPostedFileBase file, int width, int height)          {                string thumbnailDirectory =              String.Format(@"{0}{1}{2}", FilesPath,              DirSeparator, "Thumbnails");              // Check if the directory we are saving to exists              if (!Directory.Exists(thumbnailDirectory))              {                  // If it doesn't exist, create the directory                  Directory.CreateDirectory(thumbnailDirectory);              }              // Final path we will save our thumbnail              string imagePath =              String.Format(@"{0}{1}{2}", thumbnailDirectory,              DirSeparator, file.FileName);              // Create a stream to save the file to when we're              // done resizing              FileStream stream = new FileStream(Path.GetFullPath(              imagePath), FileMode.OpenOrCreate);              // Convert our uploaded file to an image              Image OrigImage = Image.FromStream(file.InputStream);              // Create a new bitmap with the size of our              // thumbnail              Bitmap TempBitmap = new Bitmap(width, height);              // Create a new image that contains quality              // information              Graphics NewImage = Graphics.FromImage(TempBitmap);              NewImage.CompositingQuality =              CompositingQuality.HighQuality;              NewImage.SmoothingMode =              SmoothingMode.HighQuality;              NewImage.InterpolationMode =              InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;              // Create a rectangle and draw the image              Rectangle imageRectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0,              width, height);              NewImage.DrawImage(OrigImage, imageRectangle);              // Save the final file              TempBitmap.Save(stream, OrigImage.RawFormat);              // Clean up the resources              NewImage.Dispose();              TempBitmap.Dispose();              OrigImage.Dispose();              stream.Close();              stream.Dispose();          }      } }

 

上边的例子做了很多事，特别是在ResizeImage函数。

首先，如果缩略图​​目录不存在，它将被创建。接下来，一个新的FileStream会根据缩略图存放的完整路径被创建用于编辑。 原上传的图像根据uploaded的InputStream被转换为Image类的对象。一个新的位图会被根据图图像的宽度和高度创建。接下来用这个位图去创建一个新的Graphics对象。Graphics对象，NewImage，用于设置和定义质量，表面光滑，插补模式。如果没有这些设置，缩略图会不会好看非常像素化和调整笨拙。

一旦都设置好了，一个新的矩形被创建并且原始图像被画到Graphics中。这是执行实际的调整大小。最后保存位图和所有创建的对象的处置，以释放资源。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/lyaxx1314/p/3603499.html