日期：2015/10/20 - 2016/4/26 time 11:47
主机：n86
目的：初探oVirt-体验REST-API
操作内容：
一、示例
1、列出资源，使用GET方法
######### 列出所有vm的资源（请注意，输出是 XML 格式） #########
【实例】获取所有的vm的信息
[root@n86 ~]# curl -s -k -u "admin@internal:TestVM" -H "Content-type: application/xml" -X GET https://e01.test/api/vms -o all.xml
######### 列出指定vm名称为“test02”（使用test02的uuid）的资源 #########
【实例】获取test02的信息
[root@n86 ~]# curl -s -k -u "admin@internal:TestVM" -H "Content-type: application/xml" -X GET https://e01.test/api/vms/7f64702f-9b6d-42cf-b899-4a506bd50d57
2、创建资源，POST方法
######### 新建一个VM #########
【实例】创建vm：test03，指定集群和模版名称
[root@n86 ~]# curl -s -k \
-u "admin@internal:TestVM" \
-H "Content-type: application/xml" \
-d '
<vm>
<name>test03</name>
<cluster><name>Host-Only</name></cluster>
<template><name>centos6u5x64-small-01</name></template>
</vm>
' \
'https://e01.test/api/vms' -o test03.xml
3、更新资源，PUT方法
【实例】更新test02的VM名称字段
[root@n86 ~]# echo '<vm><name>test02-renamed</name></vm>' >/tmp/upload.xml
[root@n86 ~]# curl -s -k \
-u "admin@internal:TestVM" \
-H "Content-type: application/xml" \
-T /tmp/upload.xml \
'https://e01.test/api/vms/7f64702f-9b6d-42cf-b899-4a506bd50d57' -o test02.xml
4、移除资源，DELETE方法
【实例】
[root@n86 ~]# curl -s -k \
-u "admin@internal:TestVM" \
-X DELETE \
'https://e01.test/api/vms/0d261c5d-ea5b-4184-bf7a-a7d18c14a45a'
二、配置cloud-init
注：本文是从ovirt-engine-sdk-python的3.5.4更新到3.6.0.3，关于版本的差异有一个主要区别是新增了这个选项：
<use_cloud_init>true</use_cloud_init>
1、调整主机名，重新生成ssh-keys，更改用户密码，设置网卡和dns
curl -s --cacert ca.crt \
-u "admin@internal:TestVM" \
-H "Content-type: application/xml" \
-d '
<action>
<use_cloud_init>true</use_cloud_init>
<vm>
<initialization>
<cloud_init>
<host>
<address>vm01</address>
</host>
<regenerate_ssh_keys>true</regenerate_ssh_keys>
<users>
<user>
<user_name>root</user_name>
<password>ttt111</password>
</user>
</users>
<network_configuration>
<nics>
<nic>
<name>eth0</name>
<boot_protocol>DHCP</boot_protocol>
<on_boot>false</on_boot>
</nic>
<nic>
<name>eth1</name>
<boot_protocol>static</boot_protocol>
<network>
<ip address=\"10.0.200.101\" netmask=\"255.255.255.0\" gateway=\"10.0.200.1\" />
</network>
<on_boot>true</on_boot>
</nic>
</nics>
<dns>
<servers>
<host>
<address>223.5.5.5</address>
</host>
</servers>
</dns>
</network_configuration>
</cloud_init>
</initialization>
</vm>
</action>
' https://e01.test/api/vms/387cd076-8dc5-4bdb-85c3-f13ddbc1455a/start -o 111.xml
2、自定义的yaml文件
1）一个简单的例子，演示如何执行自定义的命令，要注意引号的使用。
curl -s --cacert ca.crt \
-u "admin@internal:TestVM" \
-H "Content-type: application/xml" \
-d '
<action>
<use_cloud_init>true</use_cloud_init>
<vm>
<initialization>
<cloud_init>
<files>
<file>
<name>aaa.txt</name>
<content>
runcmd:
- echo "test1111" >>/tmp/aaa.txt
</content>
<type>plaintext</type>
</file>
</files>
</cloud_init>
</initialization>
</vm>
</action>
' https://e01.test/api/vms/387cd076-8dc5-4bdb-85c3-f13ddbc1455a/start -o 111.xml
验证加载内容：
[root@n36 ~]# mount -o loop `ps -ef |grep --color vm_200_7 |grep payload |cut -d',' -f36 |cut -d'=' -f3` /mnt && cat /mnt/openstack/latest/* && umount /mnt/
{
"launch_index" : "0",
"availability_zone" : "nova",
"uuid" : "8457ea78-eb13-4b2e-abfe-bbddff7e3b70",
"meta" : {
"essential" : "false",
"role" : "server",
"dsmode" : "local"
}
}#cloud-config
ssh_pwauth: true
disable_root: 0
output:
all: '>> /var/log/cloud-init-output.log'
chpasswd:
expire: false
runcmd:
- 'sed -i ''/^datasource_list: /d'' /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg; echo ''datasource_list:
["NoCloud", "ConfigDrive"]'' >> /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg'
runcmd:
- echo "test1111" >>/tmp/aaa.txt
[root@n36 ~]#
查看目标机器是否执行命令：
[root@vm_200_8 ~]# tail -n 1 /tmp/aaa.txt
test1111
符合预期。
2）复杂一点，下载并执行一个脚本
curl -s --cacert ca.crt \
-u "admin@internal:TestVM" \
-H "Content-type: application/xml" \
-d '
<action>
<use_cloud_init>true</use_cloud_init>
<vm>
<initialization>
<cloud_init>
<files>
<file>
<name>test.sh</name>
<content>
runcmd:
- curl http://office.test/ovirt/test.sh |bash -
</content>
<type>plaintext</type>
</file>
</files>
</cloud_init>
</initialization>
</vm>
</action>
' https://e01.test/api/vms/d07b3ef4-441b-4c1e-a872-194dc1887be9/start -o 111.xml
验证加载内容：
[root@n36 ~]# mount -o loop `ps -ef |grep --color vm_200_8 |grep -v grep |cut -d',' -f36 |cut -d'=' -f3` /mnt && cat /mnt/openstack/latest/* && umount /mnt
{
"launch_index" : "0",
"availability_zone" : "nova",
"uuid" : "226dfcd8-ff7e-466d-8133-f182999ee776",
"meta" : {
"essential" : "false",
"role" : "server",
"dsmode" : "local"
}
}#cloud-config
ssh_pwauth: true
disable_root: 0
output:
all: '>> /var/log/cloud-init-output.log'
chpasswd:
expire: false
runcmd:
- 'sed -i ''/^datasource_list: /d'' /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg; echo ''datasource_list:
["NoCloud", "ConfigDrive"]'' >> /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg'
runcmd:
- curl http://office.test/ovirt/test.sh |bash -
[root@n36 ~]#
查看目标机器是否执行命令：
[root@vm_200_8 ~]# tail -n 1 /tmp/test.sh.log
Thu Nov 12 08:02:25 CST 2015 [test]
符合预期。
三、脚本示例
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@n86 bin]# cat ovirt_api.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
# 2016/4/26
# __version__='0.2.10'
# for ovirt-engine-3.6.0.3
#
DEBUG=0
## ovirt engine 信息
oe_url='https://e01.test/api'
oe_user='admin@internal'
oe_password='TestVM'
## curl 运行时固有的参数
curl_opts='curl -s --cacert ca.crt'
## 列出所有的 vm
function vm_list() {
local s_vm_name=$1
local f_xml="vms.xml"
${curl_opts} \
-H "Content-Type: application/xml" \
-u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" \
"${oe_url}/vms" -o ${f_xml}
return 0
}
## 获取 vm id
function vm_uuid() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
local f_xml="vms.xml"
vm_list
s_vm_id=`grep -vE 'description|comment' ${f_xml} |grep -A 1 "<name>${s_vm_name}</name>"|grep 'href=' |cut -d'"' -f2 |cut -d'/' -f4`
if [ -z ${s_vm_id} ]; then
echo '[ERROR] Not found: VM id'
exit 1
fi
return 0
}
## 获取 vm 的状态
function vm_state() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
vm_uuid ${s_vm_name}
local f_xml="${s_vm_name}.state.xml"
local state='unknown'
echo -e '--------------------------------\n'
echo -n 'Waiting..'
while true
do
${curl_opts} \
-H "Content-Type: application/xml" \
-u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" \
"${oe_url}/vms/${s_vm_id}" -o ${f_xml}
state=`sed -nr 's/(.*)<state>(.*)<\/state>(.*)/\2/p' ${f_xml}`
case ${state} in
down)
echo ' vm is down.'
break
;;
up)
echo ' vm is up.'
break
;;
*)
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 1 ] && echo " vm state: ${state}" || echo -n '.'
sleep 1
esac
done
echo -e '--------------------------------\n'
echo "vm: ${s_vm_name}, id: ${s_vm_id}"
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 0 ] && rm -fv ${f_xml}
exit 0
}
## 检查 curl 请求返回的结果
function check_fault() {
local f_xml=$1
grep 'fault' ${f_xml} >/dev/null
local r1=$?
grep 'Request syntactically incorrect' ${f_xml} >/dev/null
local r2=$?
if [ $r1 -eq 0 ]; then
echo "result: failed"
echo "reason: `sed -nr 's/(.*)<reason>(.*)<\/reason>(.*)/\2/p' ${f_xml}`"
echo "detail: `sed -nr 's/(.*)<detail>(.*)<\/detail>(.*)/\2/p' ${f_xml}`"
exit 1
fi
if [ $r2 -eq 0 ]; then
echo 'result: Request syntactically incorrect'
exit 2
fi
state=`sed -nr 's/(.*)<state>(.*)<\/state>(.*)/\2/p' ${f_xml}`
echo "result: ${state}"
return 0
}
## 启动 vm
function vm_start() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
vm_uuid ${s_vm_name}
local f_xml="${s_vm_name}.start.xml"
${curl_opts} \
-H "Content-Type: application/xml" \
-u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" \
-d "
<action>
<vm>
<status>start</status>
</vm>
</action>
" \
"${oe_url}/vms/${s_vm_id}/start" -o ${f_xml}
check_fault ${f_xml}
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 0 ] && rm -fv ${f_xml}
}
## 停止 vm
function vm_stop() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
vm_uuid ${s_vm_name}
local f_xml="${s_vm_name}.stop.xml"
${curl_opts} \
-H "Content-Type: application/xml" \
-u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" \
-d "
<action>
<vm>
<status>stop</status>
</vm>
</action>
" \
"${oe_url}/vms/${s_vm_id}/stop" -o ${f_xml}
check_fault ${f_xml}
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 0 ] && rm -fv ${f_xml}
}
## 删除 vm
function vm_delete() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
vm_uuid ${s_vm_name}
local f_xml="${s_vm_name}.delete.xml"
${curl_opts} \
-u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" \
-X DELETE \
"${oe_url}/vms/${s_vm_id}" -o ${f_xml}
check_fault ${f_xml}
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 0 ] && rm -fv ${f_xml}
}
## 只运行一次，使用固定的模版配置 cloud-init
function vm_runonce() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
vm_uuid ${s_vm_name}
local f_xml="${s_vm_name}.runonce.xml"
local s_vm_password="$2"
local s_vm_ip="$3"
local s_vm_netmask="$4"
local s_vm_gateway="$5"
local s_vm_dns="$6"
local tpl_cloud_init="
<action>
<use_cloud_init>true</use_cloud_init>
<vm>
<initialization>
<cloud_init>
<host>
<address>${s_vm_name}</address>
</host>
<regenerate_ssh_keys>true</regenerate_ssh_keys>
<users>
<user>
<user_name>root</user_name>
<password>${s_vm_password}</password>
</user>
</users>
<network_configuration>
<nics>
<nic>
<name>eth0</name>
<boot_protocol>DHCP</boot_protocol>
<on_boot>false</on_boot>
</nic>
<nic>
<name>eth1</name>
<boot_protocol>static</boot_protocol>
<network>
<ip address=\"${s_vm_ip}\" netmask=\"${s_vm_netmask}\" gateway=\"${s_vm_gateway}\" />
</network>
<on_boot>true</on_boot>
</nic>
</nics>
<dns>
<servers>
<host>
<address>${s_vm_dns}</address>
</host>
</servers>
</dns>
</network_configuration>
<files>
<file>
<name>post-init</name>
<content>
runcmd:
- curl http://office.test/ovirt/test.sh |bash -
</content>
<type>plaintext</type>
</file>
</files>
</cloud_init>
</initialization>
</vm>
</action>
"
# 仅用作调试，输出 cloud-init 的 xml 文件
local f_xml_init="${s_vm_name}.cloud-init.xml"
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 1 ] && echo "${tpl_cloud_init}" >${f_xml_init}
${curl_opts} \
-H "Content-Type: application/xml" \
-u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" \
-d "${tpl_cloud_init}" \
"${oe_url}/vms/${s_vm_id}/start" -o ${f_xml}
check_fault ${f_xml}
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 0 ] && rm -fv ${f_xml}
}
## 只运行一次，使用指定的模版
function vm_runonce_tpl() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
vm_uuid ${s_vm_name}
local f_xml="${s_vm_name}.runonce.xml"
local tpl_cloud_init="`cat $2`"
${curl_opts} \
-H "Content-Type: application/xml" \
-u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" \
-d "${tpl_cloud_init}" \
"${oe_url}/vms/${s_vm_id}/start" -o ${f_xml}
check_fault ${f_xml}
}
## 从模版创建 VM ，不是(Clone/Independent)，而是(Thin/Dependent)
function vm_create_from_tpl() {
local s_vm_name="$1"
local s_tpl_name=$2
local s_cluster_name=$3
local f_xml="${s_vm_name}.create.xml"
${curl_opts} \
-H "Content-Type: application/xml" \
-u "${oe_user}:${oe_password}" \
-d "
<vm>
<name>${s_vm_name}</name>
<cluster><name>${s_cluster_name}</name></cluster>
<template><name>${s_tpl_name}</name></template>
</vm>
" \
"${oe_url}/vms" -o ${f_xml}
check_fault ${f_xml}
[ ${DEBUG} -eq 0 ] && rm -fv ${f_xml}
}
## Usage
function usage() {
echo "
usage: $0 [list|start|stop|delete|create|init|init-tpl] vm_name
列出所有的VM： list
启动VM： start [vm_name]
停止VM： stop [vm_name]
删除VM： delete [vm_name]
创建VM： create [vm_name template cluster]
只运行一次： init [vm_name root_password vm_ip vm_netmask vm_gateway vm_dns]
只运行一次（指定模版）： init-tpl [vm_name template-file]
"
exit 1
}
## Main
s_action=$1
s_vm_name=$2
## $3 to $7 预留给 vm_runonce_tpl
case ${s_action} in
list)
vm_list
grep -E '<(name|comment|state)>' vms.xml |grep -vE '(Etc}|GMT|internal)' |sed 's/ //g' |sed -E 's/<\/(name|comment|state)>//g' |sed 's/<name>/--------\nname\t: /g' |sed 's/<//g' |sed 's/>/\t: /g'
;;
start|stop)
vm_${s_action} ${s_vm_name}
vm_state ${s_vm_name}
;;
delete)
vm_${s_action} ${s_vm_name}
;;
create)
vm_create_from_tpl ${s_vm_name} 'tpl-m1' 'C01'
vm_state ${s_vm_name}
;;
init)
if [ ! $# -eq 7 ]; then
usage
fi
vm_runonce ${s_vm_name} $3 $4 $5 $6 $7
vm_state ${s_vm_name}
;;
init-tpl)
if [ ! $# -eq 3 ]; then
usage
fi
vm_runonce_tpl ${s_vm_name} $3
vm_state ${s_vm_name}
;;
*)
usage
;;
esac
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
ZYXW、参考
1、docs
http://www.ovirt.org/REST-Api
http://www.ovirt.org/Features/Cloud-Init_Integration
https://access.redhat.com/documentation/zh-CN/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Virtualization/3.5/html-single/Technical_Guide/index.html#chap-REST_API_Quick_Start_Example
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/nosmoking/1706734
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