LAMP架构升级版--LNMMP

简介

LNMMP=Linux+Nginx+MySQL+Memcache+PHP;

利用Nginx的高性能特点做前端反向代理服务器,分发用户请求,并在能够利用缓存的地方使用Memcache缓存服务,以加速缓存效率,具体架构图如下;

wKiom1NeTSHyGn4AAAbBM4rsOoU282.jpg


具体部署

代理层:Nginx

编译安装Nginx

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yum  install  gcc openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel
groupadd -r nginx
useradd  -r -g nginx -M nginx
. /configure  \
   --prefix= /usr/local/nginx  \
   --sbin-path= /usr/sbin/nginx  \
   --conf-path= /etc/nginx/nginx .conf \
   --error-log-path= /var/log/nginx/error .log \
   --http-log-path= /var/log/nginx/access .log \
   --pid-path= /var/run/nginx/nginx .pid  \
   --lock-path= /var/lock/nginx .lock \
   --user=nginx \
   --group=nginx \
   --with-http_ssl_module \
   --with-http_flv_module \
   --with-http_stub_status_module \
   --with-http_gzip_static_module \
   --http-client-body-temp-path= /var/tmp/nginx/client/  \
   --http-proxy-temp-path= /var/tmp/nginx/proxy/  \
   --http-fastcgi-temp-path= /var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/  \
   --http-uwsgi-temp-path= /var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi  \
   --http-scgi-temp-path= /var/tmp/nginx/scgi  \
   --with-pcre
make  &&  make  install
vi  /etc/init .d /nginx  # 编辑服务脚本
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config:      /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
/etc/rc .d /init .d /functions
# Source networking configuration.
/etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
"$NETWORKING"  "no"  ] &&  exit  0
nginx= "/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$( basename  $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE= "/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f  /etc/sysconfig/nginx  ] && .  /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile= /var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
    # make required directories
    user=`nginx -V 2>&1 |  grep  "configure arguments:"  sed  's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g'  -`
    options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 |  grep  'configure arguments:' `
    for  opt  in  $options;  do
        if  [ ` echo  $opt |  grep  '.*-temp-path' ` ];  then
            value=` echo  $opt |  cut  -d  "="  -f 2`
            if  [ ! -d  "$value"  ];  then
                # echo "creating" $value
                mkdir  -p $value &&  chown  -R $user $value
            fi
        fi
    done
}
start() {
     [ -x $nginx ] ||  exit  5
     [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] ||  exit  6
     make_dirs
     echo  -n $ "Starting $prog: "
     daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
     retval=$?
     echo
     [ $retval - eq  0 ] &&  touch  $lockfile
     return  $retval
}
stop() {
     echo  -n $ "Stopping $prog: "
     killproc $prog -QUIT
     retval=$?
     echo
     [ $retval - eq  0 ] &&  rm  -f $lockfile
     return  $retval
}
restart() {
     configtest ||  return  $?
     stop
     sleep  1
     start
}
reload() {
     configtest ||  return  $?
     echo  -n $ "Reloading $prog: "
     killproc $nginx -HUP
     RETVAL=$?
     echo
}
force_reload() {
     restart
}
configtest() {
   $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
     status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
     rh_status > /dev/null  2>&1
}
case  "$1"  in
     start)
         rh_status_q &&  exit  0
         $1
         ;;
     stop)
         rh_status_q ||  exit  0
         $1
         ;;
     restart|configtest)
         $1
         ;;
     reload)
         rh_status_q ||  exit  7
         $1
         ;;
     force-reload)
         force_reload
         ;;
     status)
         rh_status
         ;;
     condrestart|try-restart)
         rh_status_q ||  exit  0
             ;;
     *)
         echo  $ "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
         exit  2
esac

配置Nginx


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upstream memcached {
         server    172.16.25.111:11211;
         keepalive 1024;
     }
     upstream webserver {
         server    172.16.25.112:80;
         server    172.16.25.113:80;
     }
     upstream phpserver {
         server    172.16.25.112:9000;
         server    172.16.25.113:9000;
     }
     server {
         listen       80;
         server_name  xxrenzhe.lnmmp.com;
     access_log       /var/log/nginx/lnmmp .access.log;
     error_log        /var/log/nginx/lnmmp .errors.log notice;
     root               /www/lnmmp .com;
     index       index.php index.html;
     location / {
         set  $memcached_key $request_uri;
         add_header X-mem-key $memcached_key;
         memcached_pass memcached;
         default_type  test /html ;
         error_page 404 500 502 504 = @webnocache;
     }
     location @webnocache {
         rewrite ^(\/)?$  /index .php last;  # 配置直接访问域名或IP地址时,重定向至index.php文件
         rewrite ^/.*$  /set_mem .php?$request_uri last;  # 将静态访问重定向至后端set_mem.php,以实现set memcache的功能
         proxy_pass http: //webserver ;
     }
     location ~* \.php(\?.*)?$ {
         fastcgi_pass phpserver;
         fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
         include fastcgi_params;
     }

启动服务

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chmod  +x  /etc/init .d /nginx
chkconfig --add nginx
chkconfig nginx on
service nginx start


缓存层:Memcache+NFS

安装配置memcache


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# 安装libevent
tar  xf libevent-2.0.21-stable. tar .gz
cd  libevent-2.0.21
. /configure  --prefix= /usr/local/libevent
make  &&  make  install
echo  "/usr/local/libevent/lib"  /etc/ld .so.conf.d /libevent .conf
ldconfig
# 安装memcache
tar  xf memcached-1.4.15. tar .gz
cd  memcached-1.4.15
. /configure  --prefix= /usr/local/memcached  --with-libevent= /usr/local/libevent
make  &&  make  install
# 编辑服务脚本 # 一次启动了2个memcache实例,一个用于Nginx,一个用于后端PHP服务
vi  /etc/init .d /memcached
#!/bin/bash
#
# Init file for memcached
#
# chkconfig: - 86 14
# description: Distributed memory caching daemon
#
# processname: memcached
# config: /etc/sysconfig/memcached
/etc/rc .d /init .d /functions
## Default variables
PORT1= "11211"
PORT2= "11311"
USER= "nobody"
MAXCONN= "1024"
CACHESIZE= "64"
OPTIONS= ""
RETVAL=0
prog= "/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached"
desc= "Distributed memory caching"
lockfile1= "/var/lock/subsys/memcached_$PORT1"
lockfile2= "/var/lock/subsys/memcached_$PORT2"
start() {
         echo  -n $ "Starting $desc (memcached): "
         daemon $prog -d -p $PORT1 -u $USER -c $MAXCONN -m $CACHESIZE -o  "$OPTIONS"
daemon $prog -d -p $PORT2 -u $USER -c $MAXCONN -m $CACHESIZE -o  "$OPTIONS"
         RETVAL=$?
         [ $RETVAL - eq  0 ] && success &&  touch  $lockfile1 &&  touch  $lockfile2 || failure
         echo
         return  $RETVAL
}
stop() {
         echo  -n $ "Shutting down $desc (memcached): "
         killproc $prog
         RETVAL=$?
         [ $RETVAL - eq  0 ] && success &&  rm  -f $lockfile1 &&  rm  -f $lockfile2 | failure
         echo
         return  $RETVAL
}
restart() {
         stop
         start
}
reload() {
         echo  -n $ "Reloading $desc ($prog): "
         killproc $prog -HUP
         RETVAL=$?
         [ $RETVAL - eq  0 ] && success || failure
         echo
         return  $RETVAL
}
case  "$1"  in
   start)
         start
         ;;
   stop)
         stop
         ;;
   restart)
         restart
         ;;
   condrestart)
         [ -e $lockfile1 ] && [ -e $lockfile1 ] && restart
         RETVAL=$?
         ;;
   reload)
         reload
         ;;
   status)
         status $prog
         RETVAL=$?
         ;;
    *)
         echo  $ "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|condrestart|status}"
         RETVAL=1
esac
exit  $RETVAL

启动memcache服务

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chmod  +x  /etc/init .d /memcached
chkconfig --add memcached
chkconfig memcached on
service memcached start

安装配置NFS

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yum -y  install  nfs-utils
vi  /etc/exports
/www/lnmmp .com 172.16.0.0 /16 (rw,no_root_squash)
exportfs -ar  # 导出NFS共享目录
cd  /www/lnmmp .com
unzip phpwind_v9.0_utf8.zip
mv  phpwind_v9.0_utf8 /upload/ * .
chmod  -R 777 attachment conf data html res src themes windid

Web层:Apache

Apache的安装见博客“httpd-2.4编译安装及新特性详解”;  

PHP-fpm的安装见博客“LAMP-PHP-fpm服务器配置”;

PHP加速器opcache的安装配置见博客“LAMP-各PHP加速器性能剖析”;

配置PHP支持memcache

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tar  xf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd  memcache-2.2.5
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
. /configure  --with-php-config= /usr/local/php/bin/php-config  -- enable -memcache
make  &&  make  install
# 上述安装完后会有类似这样的提示:
Installing shared extensions:      /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/
vi  /usr/local/php/lib/php .ini  # 配置memcache模块位置及php会话保存至memcache中
extension= /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/memcache .so
session.save_handler = memcache
session.save_path =  "tcp://172.16.25.111:11311"
# 自定义set memcache的程序
vi  /www/lnmmp .com /set_mem .php
<?php
     $fn =  dirname (__FILE__).$_SERVER[ 'QUERY_STRING' ];
     if  (file_exists($fn)) {
         $data = file_get_contents($fn);
         $mem = new Memcache();
         $mem->connect( "172.16.25.111" ,11311) or die( "Could not connect" );
         $mem-> set ($_SERVER[ 'QUERY_STRING' ],$data,0,600) or die( "Failed to save data at the memcached server" );
         header( 'Content-Length: ' .filesize($fn). "\r\n" );
         header( 'Content-Type: text/html' . "\r\n" );
         header( 'X-cache: MISS' . "\r\n" );
         print  "$data" ;
     else  {
         header( 'Location: http://xxrenzhe.lnmmp.com' . "\r\n" );
         header( 'Content-Length: ' .filesize($fn). "\r\n" );
         header( 'X-cache: ' .$fn. "\r\n" );
     }
?>

Apache配置

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vi  /etc/httpd/httpd .conf
# DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs" # 注释掉此行
Include  /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts .conf  # 取消此行注释
vi  /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts .conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
     DocumentRoot  "/www/lnmmp.com"
     ServerName xxrenzhe.lnmmp.com
     ErrorLog  "logs/lnmmp.com-error_log"
     CustomLog  "logs/lnmmp.com-access_log" common
     <Directory  "/www/lnmmp.com" >
         Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
         AllowOverride None
         Require all granted
     < /Directory >
< /VirtualHost >

NFS目录挂载

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mount  -t nfs 172.16.25.111: /www/lnmmp .com  /www/lnmmp .com

服务启动

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service httpd start
service php-fpm start


数据库层:Ameoba+MariaDB

MariaDB的安装详见博客“MySQL初识-架构-安装-初始化-连接-管理工具-数据文件”;

MariaDB的主从复制架构配置见博客“Maria10实现主从复制架构及SSL复制”;

Ameoba安装见“http://docs.hexnova.com/amoeba/index.html”;

Ameoba实现读写分离见“http://docs.hexnova.com/amoeba/rw-splitting.html


测试验证

Nginx利用memcache缓存小静态文件测试效果

wKioL1NfqcjQB2MUAAltUsxZWDs411.jpg

Nginx利用memcache缓存静态文件测试效果

wKiom1NfqhfQlrdbAAnjcLU_Wzo533.jpg

PHP利用memcache保存session数据测试效果

wKioL1NfqhOjiODOAAm4zcc6NeM213.jpg










本文转自 xxrenzhe11 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/xxrenzhe/1403784,如需转载请自行联系原作者
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