Mongo 数据库
安装
首先到 Mongo 的官方网站下载安装程序:http://www.mongodb.org/,我下载的文件名为:mongodb-win32-x86_64-2008plus-2.6.4-signed.msi
执行安装程序。
下一步
同意许可协议
可以选择定制 Custom 看一下。
全部装上吧。
开始实际安装。
MongoDB 默认安装到了 C:\Program Files\MongoDB 2.6 Standard\bin 目录下,但是,没有自动添加到 Path 路径中,手工添加一下。
直接执行 mongod 启动数据库,收到下面的信息,原来要指定数据库文件的位置。
PS \> mongod C:\Program Files\MongoDB 2.6 Standard\bin\mongod.exe --help for help and startup options 2014-09-13T11:24:01.755+0800 [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=42300 port=27017 dbpath=\data\db\ 64-bit host=OpenXLive 2014-09-13T11:24:01.755+0800 [initandlisten] targetMinOS: Windows 7/Windows Server 2008 R2 2014-09-13T11:24:01.755+0800 [initandlisten] db version v2.6.4 2014-09-13T11:24:01.755+0800 [initandlisten] git version: 3a830be0eb92d772aa855ebb711ac91d658ee910 2014-09-13T11:24:01.755+0800 [initandlisten] build info: windows sys.getwindowsversion(major=6, minor=1, build=7601, platform=2, service_pack='Service Pack 1') BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_49 2014-09-13T11:24:01.755+0800 [initandlisten] allocator: system 2014-09-13T11:24:01.755+0800 [initandlisten] options: {} 2014-09-13T11:24:01.770+0800 [initandlisten] exception in initAndListen: 10296 ********************************************************************* ERROR: dbpath (\data\db\) does not exist. Create this directory or give existing directory in --dbpath. See http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/startingandstoppingmongo ********************************************************************* , terminating 2014-09-13T11:24:01.770+0800 [initandlisten] dbexit: 2014-09-13T11:24:01.770+0800 [initandlisten] shutdown: going to close listening sockets... 2014-09-13T11:24:01.786+0800 [initandlisten] shutdown: going to flush diaglog... 2014-09-13T11:24:01.786+0800 [initandlisten] shutdown: going to close sockets... 2014-09-13T11:24:01.786+0800 [initandlisten] shutdown: waiting for fs preallocator... 2014-09-13T11:24:01.786+0800 [initandlisten] shutdown: lock for final commit... 2014-09-13T11:24:01.786+0800 [initandlisten] shutdown: final commit... 2014-09-13T11:24:01.786+0800 [initandlisten] shutdown: closing all files... 2014-09-13T11:24:01.786+0800 [initandlisten] closeAllFiles() finished 2014-09-13T11:24:01.786+0800 [initandlisten] dbexit: really exiting now
创建一个保存数据库文件的文件夹,使用 --dbpath 来启动,成功了。
mongod --dbpath c:/mysite/mongodb
重新打开一个命令窗口,输入 mongo 启动 mongo 的命令行。
PS C:\mysite> mongo MongoDB shell version: 2.6.4 connecting to: test Welcome to the MongoDB shell. For interactive help, type "help". For more comprehensive documentation, see http://docs.mongodb.org/ Questions? Try the support group http://groups.google.com/group/mongodb-user >
首先,我们创建一个数据库保存我们的用户信息,数据库的名字就叫作 members 好了。
use members
很像 SQL Server ,如果没有这个数据库,马上就会创建这个数据库。
使用 show dbs 可以查看有哪些数据库。
在这个数据库中创建一个名为 users 的集合,并插入一条用户信息。当前没有 users 集合,mongodb 会直接创建它。
> db.users.insert( { "userId":1, "name":"tom", "email":"tom@nodejs.org" })
查找信息可以使用 find 或者 findOne,区别在于 findOne 只会返回一个结果。
db.users.findOne( {"userId": 1})
返回的结果:
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5413be6e9e1c9f9c4386756d"), "userId" : 1, "name" : "tom", "email" : "tom@nodejs.org" }
驱动程序
编辑 package.json, 添加对于 mongodb 的引用。
{ "name": "express-api", "version": "0.0.1", "dependencies": { "express": "2.5.9", "ejs": "0.4.2", "mongodb": "1.4.1" } }
重新 npm install 安装 mongodb 的驱动。
输出如下:
PS C:\mysite> npm install npm WARN package.json express-api@0.0.1 No description npm WARN package.json express-api@0.0.1 No repository field. npm WARN package.json express-api@0.0.1 No README data npm WARN package.json ejs@0.4.2 No repository field. npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/mongodb npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/mongodb npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/mongodb/-/mongodb-1.4.1.tgz npm http 200 https://registry.npmjs.org/mongodb/-/mongodb-1.4.1.tgz npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/bson npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/kerberos npm http 200 https://registry.npmjs.org/kerberos npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/kerberos/-/kerberos-0.0.3.tgz npm http 200 https://registry.npmjs.org/bson npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/bson/-/bson-0.2.7.tgz npm http 200 https://registry.npmjs.org/kerberos/-/kerberos-0.0.3.tgz npm http 200 https://registry.npmjs.org/bson/-/bson-0.2.7.tgz > kerberos@0.0.3 install C:\mysite\node_modules\mongodb\node_modules\kerberos > (node-gyp rebuild 2> builderror.log) || (exit 0) C:\mysite\node_modules\mongodb\node_modules\kerberos>node "c:\nodejs\node_modules\npm\bin\node-gyp-bin\\..\..\node_modues\node-gyp\bin\node-gyp.js" rebuild npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/nan npm http 200 https://registry.npmjs.org/nan npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/nan/-/nan-0.8.0.tgz npm http 200 https://registry.npmjs.org/nan/-/nan-0.8.0.tgz > bson@0.2.7 install C:\mysite\node_modules\mongodb\node_modules\bson > (node-gyp rebuild 2> builderror.log) || (exit 0) C:\mysite\node_modules\mongodb\node_modules\bson>node "c:\nodejs\node_modules\npm\bin\node-gyp-bin\\..\..\node_modules\ode-gyp\bin\node-gyp.js" rebuild mongodb@1.4.1 node_modules\mongodb ├── kerberos@0.0.3 └── bson@0.2.7 (nan@0.8.0) PS C:\mysite>
使用 MongoDB 数据库
修改代码,首先 require mongodb 模块,然后连接到 mongodb 数据库。
var mongo = require("mongodb"); var express = require("express"); var app = express.createServer(); app.set("view engine", "ejs"); app.set("views", __dirname + "/views"); app.set("view options", { layout: false }); app.get("/", function (request, response) { response.render("index"); }); app.get("/user/:id", function (request, response) { var id = request.params.id; console.log(id); app.users.findOne({ "userId": +id }, function (error, doc) { if (error) return next(error); response.json(doc); }); }); // connect mongodb var server = new mongo.Server("127.0.0.1", 27017); var db = new mongo.Db("members", server, {safe:true }).open(function (error, client) { if (error) throw error; console.log("\033[96m + \033[39m connected to mongodb"); app.users = new mongo.Collection(client, "users"); client.ensureIndex("users", "userId", function (error) { if (error) throw error; console.log("\033[96m + \033[39m ensured index."); console.log("Web Server listening ......"); app.listen(3000); }); });
注意现在是到数据库中查找用户。id 前面的 + 用来将表单中的字符串类型数据转换为我们需要的数字类型。
app.users.findOne({ "userId": +id }, function (error, doc) { if (error) return next(error); response.json(doc); });