图片缩放的相关处理
最近自己做的点东西上用到了图片的处理,不过没有找到合适的图片处理相关算法,倒是找到了几个获取缩略图的算法。代码不长,简单看了看原理也比较简单(其实不是简单是C#的封装的太多了,所以显得比较简单)。既然没有相关的统一调用的代码,索性,我来整理一套相关的处理代码然后公开出来吧。
图片处理的相关分析
其实我要用的图片处理非常简单,就是简单的压缩一下图片。然后把图片设置到对应大小而已。但是对于设置的方式,C#基础的函数中使用的Rect范围设置。这个范围设置计算起来可能相对头疼一些。所以我在考虑要不要让调用者在忽略Rect这个参数的情况愉快的调用接口呢?于是乎,我定义了几个图片缩放类型(Full、Zoom、Overflow、Original)。然后默认的让原始图片的中心点与输出图片的中心点对齐。然后根据缩放类型来对图片进行不同的缩放模式。
缩放模式
- Full:让图片放弃原来的比例,直接按照目标数据进行拉伸
- Zoom:让图片保持原有比例,并且保证原始图片在目标图片的正中央,没有图片的位置保留米白色
- Original:让图片保持原来的大小,输出图片类似于裁剪中间位置某个范围的图片
- Overflow:让图片保持原来的比例,并且保证输目标是被图片填满的不留空白
调用的范例
ImageHelper.GetInstance().ImageCompress(InputFile, Path.Combine(OutPutPath, item_file), new System.Drawing.Size(500, 300), ImageZoomType.Full, 50);
样品展示
原始图片
Full 300*500
Full 500 * 300
Original 300 * 500
Original 500 * 300
Overflow 300 * 500
Overflow 500 * 300
Zoom 300 * 500
Zoom 500 * 300
存在的不足
- 压缩没有独到的技术
- 目前只支持JPEG格式的图片
- 部分图片进行缩放之后会留下一个1像素浅浅的边
后续的内容
图片处理不光是缩放,还有其他的很多东西比较实用(截图、压缩、按高缩放、按宽缩放、添加水印、添加隐藏水印),我准备把图片常用的相关处理。整理成一个帮助类,方便迁入到各个项目中去。
所以我建立了一个专门的图片处理的开源项目方便后续功能加入,地址如下:http://git.oschina.net/anxin1225/ImageCompress
压缩相关的代码
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace ImageCompress
{
public struct AnchorPoint
{
//public AnchorPoint() : this(0, 0) { }
public AnchorPoint(double x, double y)
{
X = x;
Y = y;
}
public double X, Y;
}
public enum ImageZoomType
{
Full,
Zoom,
Overflow,
Original,
}
public delegate void ImageHandle(Image image, Bitmap bitmap);
public class ImageHelper
{
private ImageHelper() { }
private static ImageHelper _image_helper = null;
private Dictionary<ImageZoomType, ImageHandle> _name_to_handle = new Dictionary<ImageZoomType, ImageHandle>();
public static ImageHelper GetInstance()
{
if (_image_helper == null)
{
_image_helper = new ImageHelper();
//填满
_image_helper._name_to_handle[ImageZoomType.Full] = (image, bitmap) =>
{
_image_helper.DrawImage(image, bitmap, new Rectangle(new Point(0, 0), bitmap.Size));
};
//原始
_image_helper._name_to_handle[ImageZoomType.Original] = (image, bitmap) =>
{
_image_helper.DrawImage(image, bitmap, 1, new AnchorPoint(0.5, 0.5), new AnchorPoint(0.5, 0.5));
};
//溢出
_image_helper._name_to_handle[ImageZoomType.Overflow] = (image, bitmap) =>
{
float proportion_x = (float)bitmap.Width / image.Width;
float proportion_y = (float)bitmap.Height / image.Height;
_image_helper.DrawImage(image, bitmap, proportion_x > proportion_y ? proportion_x : proportion_y, new AnchorPoint(0.5, 0.5), new AnchorPoint(0.5, 0.5));
};
//缩放
_image_helper._name_to_handle[ImageZoomType.Zoom] = (image, bitmap) =>
{
float proportion_x = (float)bitmap.Width / image.Width;
float proportion_y = (float)bitmap.Height / image.Height;
_image_helper.DrawImage(image, bitmap, proportion_x < proportion_y ? proportion_x : proportion_y, new AnchorPoint(0.5, 0.5), new AnchorPoint(0.5, 0.5));
};
}
return _image_helper;
}
/// <summary>
/// 压缩图片
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source_path">源数据位置</param>
/// <param name="save_path">保存数据位置</param>
/// <param name="save_size">保存图片大小</param>
/// <param name="ztype">缩放模式</param>
/// <param name="flag">图片保存品质</param>
/// <returns>是否完成压缩</returns>
public bool ImageCompress(string source_path, string save_path, Size save_size, ImageZoomType ztype, int flag)
{
bool success = false;
Image source = null;
while (true)
{
source = LoadImage(source_path);
if (source == null)
break;
Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(save_size.Width, save_size.Height);
if (_name_to_handle.ContainsKey(ztype))
{
_name_to_handle[ztype](source, bitmap);
}
else
{
break;
}
success = SaveImage(bitmap, save_path, source.RawFormat, flag);
break;
}
if (source != null)
source.Dispose();
return success;
}
public Image LoadImage(string source_path)
{
Image image = null;
while (true)
{
if (!File.Exists(source_path))
break;
try
{
image = Image.FromFile(source_path);
}
catch
{
break;
}
break;
}
return image;
}
/// <summary>
/// 将BitMap保存到磁盘上
/// </summary>
/// <param name="image">需要保存的图片</param>
/// <param name="save_path">保存的路径</param>
/// <param name="format">保存格式</param>
/// <param name="flag">保存质量</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool SaveImage(Bitmap image, string save_path, ImageFormat format, int flag)
{
//以下代码为保存图片时,设置压缩质量
EncoderParameters ep = new EncoderParameters();
long[] qy = new long[1];
qy[0] = flag;//设置压缩的比例1-100
EncoderParameter eParam = new EncoderParameter(System.Drawing.Imaging.Encoder.Quality, qy);
ep.Param[0] = eParam;
try
{
ImageCodecInfo[] arrayICI = ImageCodecInfo.GetImageEncoders();
ImageCodecInfo jpegICIinfo = null;
for (int x = 0; x < arrayICI.Length; x++)
{
if (arrayICI[x].FormatDescription.Equals("JPEG"))
{
jpegICIinfo = arrayICI[x];
break;
}
}
if (jpegICIinfo != null)
{
image.Save(save_path, jpegICIinfo, ep);//dFile是压缩后的新路径
}
else
{
image.Save(save_path, format);
}
return true;
}
catch
{
return false;
}
finally
{
image.Dispose();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 画图
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source">原始图像</param>
/// <param name="output">输出图像</param>
/// <param name="souce_scale">原始图像的缩放值</param>
/// <param name="souce_anchor"></param>
/// <param name="graphics_anchor"></param>
public void DrawImage(Image source, Bitmap output, float souce_scale, AnchorPoint souce_anchor, AnchorPoint graphics_anchor)
{
DrawImage(source, output, souce_scale, souce_anchor, new Point((int)(output.Width * graphics_anchor.X), (int)(output.Height * graphics_anchor.Y)));
}
/// <summary>
/// 画图
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source">原始图像</param>
/// <param name="output">输出凸显</param>
/// <param name="source_scale">图像的所放值</param>
/// <param name="source_anchor">源图像锚点</param>
/// <param name="souce_point">图像位置</param>
public void DrawImage(Image source, Bitmap output, float source_scale, AnchorPoint source_anchor, Point souce_point)
{
var pic_po = new Point((int)(souce_point.X - source.Size.Width * source_scale * source_anchor.X), (int)(souce_point.Y - source.Size.Height * source_scale * source_anchor.Y));
DrawImage(source, output, new Rectangle(pic_po, new Size((int)(source.Width * source_scale), (int)(source.Height * source_scale))));
}
/// <summary>
/// 画图
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source"></param>
/// <param name="output"></param>
/// <param name="rect"></param>
public void DrawImage(Image source, Bitmap output, Rectangle rect)
{
Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(output);
g.Clear(Color.WhiteSmoke);
g.CompositingQuality = CompositingQuality.HighQuality;
g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.HighQuality;
g.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;
g.DrawImage(source, rect, 0, 0, source.Width, source.Height, GraphicsUnit.Pixel);
g.Dispose();
}
}
}
PS:为了美观本文中的原始图片并不是原始图片,因为原始图片太大了。会造成页面滑动,所以我上传了一张较小的图片。Git的图片则是原始的图片