聊聊flink的JDBCAppendTableSink

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-23 20:25:03 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-02-23 20:25:03 发布

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文章标签：大数据 scala java

原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/go4it/blog/3008241

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为什么80%的码农都做不了架构师？>>>

序

本文主要研究一下flink的JDBCAppendTableSink

实例

JDBCAppendTableSink sink = JDBCAppendTableSink.builder()
  .setDrivername("org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver")
  .setDBUrl("jdbc:derby:memory:ebookshop")
  .setQuery("INSERT INTO books (id) VALUES (?)")
  .setParameterTypes(INT_TYPE_INFO)
  .build();

tableEnv.registerTableSink(
  "jdbcOutputTable",
  // specify table schema
  new String[]{"id"},
  new TypeInformation[]{Types.INT},
  sink);

Table table = ...
table.insertInto("jdbcOutputTable");

这里使用tableEnv.registerTableSink注册JDBCAppendTableSink，之后利用table.insertInto往该sink写数据

JDBCAppendTableSink

flink-jdbc_2.11-1.7.0-sources.jar!/org/apache/flink/api/java/io/jdbc/JDBCAppendTableSink.java

public class JDBCAppendTableSink implements AppendStreamTableSink<Row>, BatchTableSink<Row> {

	private final JDBCOutputFormat outputFormat;

	private String[] fieldNames;
	private TypeInformation[] fieldTypes;

	JDBCAppendTableSink(JDBCOutputFormat outputFormat) {
		this.outputFormat = outputFormat;
	}

	public static JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder builder() {
		return new JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder();
	}

	@Override
	public void emitDataStream(DataStream<Row> dataStream) {
		dataStream
				.addSink(new JDBCSinkFunction(outputFormat))
				.name(TableConnectorUtil.generateRuntimeName(this.getClass(), fieldNames));
	}

	@Override
	public void emitDataSet(DataSet<Row> dataSet) {
		dataSet.output(outputFormat);
	}

	@Override
	public TypeInformation<Row> getOutputType() {
		return new RowTypeInfo(fieldTypes, fieldNames);
	}

	@Override
	public String[] getFieldNames() {
		return fieldNames;
	}

	@Override
	public TypeInformation<?>[] getFieldTypes() {
		return fieldTypes;
	}

	@Override
	public TableSink<Row> configure(String[] fieldNames, TypeInformation<?>[] fieldTypes) {
		int[] types = outputFormat.getTypesArray();

		String sinkSchema =
			String.join(", ", IntStream.of(types).mapToObj(JDBCTypeUtil::getTypeName).collect(Collectors.toList()));
		String tableSchema =
			String.join(", ", Stream.of(fieldTypes).map(JDBCTypeUtil::getTypeName).collect(Collectors.toList()));
		String msg = String.format("Schema of output table is incompatible with JDBCAppendTableSink schema. " +
			"Table schema: [%s], sink schema: [%s]", tableSchema, sinkSchema);

		Preconditions.checkArgument(fieldTypes.length == types.length, msg);
		for (int i = 0; i < types.length; ++i) {
			Preconditions.checkArgument(
				JDBCTypeUtil.typeInformationToSqlType(fieldTypes[i]) == types[i],
				msg);
		}

		JDBCAppendTableSink copy;
		try {
			copy = new JDBCAppendTableSink(InstantiationUtil.clone(outputFormat));
		} catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException e) {
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		}

		copy.fieldNames = fieldNames;
		copy.fieldTypes = fieldTypes;
		return copy;
	}

	@VisibleForTesting
	JDBCOutputFormat getOutputFormat() {
		return outputFormat;
	}
}

JDBCAppendTableSink实现了AppendStreamTableSink接口的emitDataStream方法以及BatchTableSink接口的emitDataSet方法；AppendStreamTableSink接口及BatchTableSink接口都继承自TableSink接口，该接口定义了getOutputType、getFieldNames、getFieldTypes、configure方法
emitDataStream方法通过JDBCOutputFormat创建JDBCSinkFunction，然后输出到dataStream；emitDataSet方法则直接通过dataSet的output方法采用JDBCOutputFormat输出
JDBCAppendTableSink提供了builder静态方法用于创建JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder，可以用来构建JDBCAppendTableSink

JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder

flink-jdbc_2.11-1.7.0-sources.jar!/org/apache/flink/api/java/io/jdbc/JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder.java

public class JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder {
	private String username;
	private String password;
	private String driverName;
	private String dbURL;
	private String query;
	private int batchSize = DEFAULT_BATCH_INTERVAL;
	private int[] parameterTypes;

	/**
	 * Specify the username of the JDBC connection.
	 * @param username the username of the JDBC connection.
	 */
	public JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
		return this;
	}

	/**
	 * Specify the password of the JDBC connection.
	 * @param password the password of the JDBC connection.
	 */
	public JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
		return this;
	}

	/**
	 * Specify the name of the JDBC driver that will be used.
	 * @param drivername the name of the JDBC driver.
	 */
	public JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder setDrivername(String drivername) {
		this.driverName = drivername;
		return this;
	}

	/**
	 * Specify the URL of the JDBC database.
	 * @param dbURL the URL of the database, whose format is specified by the
	 *              corresponding JDBC driver.
	 */
	public JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder setDBUrl(String dbURL) {
		this.dbURL = dbURL;
		return this;
	}

	/**
	 * Specify the query that the sink will execute. Usually user can specify
	 * INSERT, REPLACE or UPDATE to push the data to the database.
	 * @param query The query to be executed by the sink.
	 * @see org.apache.flink.api.java.io.jdbc.JDBCOutputFormat.JDBCOutputFormatBuilder#setQuery(String)
	 */
	public JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder setQuery(String query) {
		this.query = query;
		return this;
	}

	/**
	 * Specify the size of the batch. By default the sink will batch the query
	 * to improve the performance
	 * @param batchSize the size of batch
	 */
	public JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder setBatchSize(int batchSize) {
		this.batchSize = batchSize;
		return this;
	}

	/**
	 * Specify the type of the rows that the sink will be accepting.
	 * @param types the type of each field
	 */
	public JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder setParameterTypes(TypeInformation<?>... types) {
		int[] ty = new int[types.length];
		for (int i = 0; i < types.length; ++i) {
			ty[i] = JDBCTypeUtil.typeInformationToSqlType(types[i]);
		}
		this.parameterTypes = ty;
		return this;
	}

	/**
	 * Specify the type of the rows that the sink will be accepting.
	 * @param types the type of each field defined by {@see java.sql.Types}.
	 */
	public JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder setParameterTypes(int... types) {
		this.parameterTypes = types;
		return this;
	}

	/**
	 * Finalizes the configuration and checks validity.
	 *
	 * @return Configured JDBCOutputFormat
	 */
	public JDBCAppendTableSink build() {
		Preconditions.checkNotNull(parameterTypes,
			"Types of the query parameters are not specified." +
			" Please specify types using the setParameterTypes() method.");

		JDBCOutputFormat format = JDBCOutputFormat.buildJDBCOutputFormat()
			.setUsername(username)
			.setPassword(password)
			.setDBUrl(dbURL)
			.setQuery(query)
			.setDrivername(driverName)
			.setBatchInterval(batchSize)
			.setSqlTypes(parameterTypes)
			.finish();

		return new JDBCAppendTableSink(format);
	}
}

JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder提供了setUsername、setPassword、setDrivername、setDBUrl、setQuery、setBatchSize、setParameterTypes方法用于设置构建JDBCOutputFormat的对应属性，最后build方法使用JDBCOutputFormat创建了JDBCAppendTableSink

小结

JDBCAppendTableSink在开启checkpoint的情况下，它实现的是at-least-once的语义，如果要实现exactly-once的语义，则需要使用类似REPLACE或者INSERT OVERWRITE这类幂等的操作；JDBCAppendTableSink实现了AppendStreamTableSink接口的emitDataStream方法以及BatchTableSink接口的emitDataSet方法
AppendStreamTableSink接口及BatchTableSink接口都继承自TableSink接口，该接口定义了getOutputType、getFieldNames、getFieldTypes、configure方法；emitDataStream方法通过JDBCOutputFormat创建JDBCSinkFunction，然后输出到dataStream；emitDataSet方法则直接通过dataSet的output方法采用JDBCOutputFormat输出；JDBCAppendTableSink提供了builder静态方法用于创建JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder，可以用来构建JDBCAppendTableSink
JDBCAppendTableSinkBuilder提供了setUsername、setPassword、setDrivername、setDBUrl、setQuery、setBatchSize、setParameterTypes方法用于设置构建JDBCOutputFormat的对应属性，最后build方法使用JDBCOutputFormat创建了JDBCAppendTableSink