数据库的操作离不开表单,那么yii中又该如何使用表单来添加一行新数据咧
首先我们看看原生的Html的做法
controller中创建一个actionHtml
public function actionHtml(){
//如果有表单提交,则给user对象赋值
if(!empty($_POST)){
//实例化user模型
$model = new User();
$now = time();
// dump($_POST);
$model->username = $_POST['username'];
$model->city_id = $_POST['city_id'];
$model->create_time = $now;
$model->update_time = $now;
if(!$model->save()){
dump($model->getErrors());
}else{
dump('保存成功');
}
}
//渲染视图html并传入Model参数
$this->render('html');
}
新建视图html.php
<div class="form">
<h1>添加新的用户</h1>
<form method="POST">
<div class="row">
<label>用户名</label>
<input type="text" name="username" value=""/>
</div>
<div class="row">
<label>城市</label>
<select name="city_id">
<?php echo User::getCityOptions();?>
</select>
</div>
<div class="row">
<input type="submit" value="添加">
</div>
</form>
</div>
在User模型中定义了获取城市下拉选项的方法
public static function getCityOptions(){
$option = '<option value="">请选择</option>';
$citys = self::getCitys();
if(!empty($citys)){
foreach ($citys as $v=>$name) {
$option.= "<option value={$v}>$name</option>";
}
}
return $option;
}
public static function getCitys(){
$citys = Yii::app()->db->createCommand()->select('id,name')->from('city')->queryAll();
if(!empty($citys)){
$citys = CHtml::listData($citys, 'id', 'name');
}
return $citys;
}
yii将html进行了一次封装,这个类就是CHtml,CHtml是一个静态类,提供了一个用于创建HTML视图的辅助方法。
那么CHtml怎么使用列
controller中
public function actionChtml(){
if(!empty($_POST)){
$now = time();
$model = new User();
//将post提交的值赋值给attributes属性
$model->attributes = $_POST;
// dump($model->attributes);
$model->create_time = $now;
$model->update_time = $now;
if(!$model->save()){
dump($model->getErrors());
}else{
dump('添加成功');
}
}
$this->render('chtml');
}
view层
<div class="form">
<h1>添加新的用户</h1>
<?php echo CHtml::beginForm('', 'POST');?>
<div class="row">
<?php echo CHtml::label('用户名', 'username');?>
<?php echo CHtml::textField('username', '');?>
</div>
<div class="row">
<?php echo CHtml::label('城市', 'city_id')?>
<?php echo CHtml::dropDownList('city_id', '', User::getCitys())?>
</div>
<div class="row">
<?php echo CHtml::submitButton('添加')?>
</div>
<?php echo CHtml::endForm();?>
</div>
CHtml的标签静态方法最终都会去调用一个CHtml::tag的静态方法,htmlOptions是该标签的属性和属性值键值对
CHtml为了将模型和表单紧密结合起来,Chtml封装了一系列的active方法
controller中
public function actionActive(){
$model = new User();
if(!empty($_POST)){
$now = time();
// dump($_POST);//打印结果见图1
$model->attributes = $_POST['User'];
$model->create_time = $now;
$model->update_time = $now;
if(!$model->save()){
dump($model->getErrors());
}else{
dump('添加成功');
}
}
$this->render('active',array(
'model'=>$model,
));
}
view中
<div class="form">
<h1>添加新的用户</h1>
<?php echo CHtml::beginForm('', 'POST');?>
<div class="row">
<?php echo CHtml::activeLabel($model, 'username');?>
<?php echo CHtml::activeTextField($model, 'username');?>
</div>
<div class="row">
<?php echo CHtml::activeLabel($model, 'city_id');?>
<?php echo CHtml::activeDropDownList($model, 'city_id', User::getCitys())?>
</div>
<div class="row buttons">
<?php echo CHtml::submitButton('添加')?>
</div>
<?php echo CHtml::endForm();?>
</div>
我们看到视图文件中的label显示的是 用户名和城市,而不是username和city_id,是因为他调用了User模型中的 attributeLabel方法
将model和form结合的目的是为例验证model,为了更好的验证model,yii又为我们封装了一个挂件CActiveForm
CActiveForm提供了一系列方法,这些方法可以帮助简化表单创建的复杂性,也可以帮助创建基于模型数据的可交互HTML表单。
cactiveform挂件我们推荐使用gii生成
生成完成之后我们进入views/user目录下就会看到active_form文件
<div class="form">
<?php $form=$this->beginWidget('CActiveForm', array(
'id'=>'user-active_form-form',
// Please note: When you enable ajax validation, make sure the corresponding
// controller action is handling ajax validation correctly.
// See class documentation of CActiveForm for details on this,
// you need to use the performAjaxValidation()-method described there.
'enableAjaxValidation'=>false,
)); ?>
<p class="note">Fields with <span class="required">*</span> are required.</p>
<?php echo $form->errorSummary($model); ?>
<div class="row">
<?php echo $form->labelEx($model,'username'); ?>
<?php echo $form->textField($model,'username'); ?>
<?php echo $form->error($model,'username'); ?>
</div>
<div class="row">
<?php echo $form->labelEx($model,'city_id'); ?>
<?php echo $form->textField($model,'city_id'); ?>
<?php echo $form->error($model,'city_id'); ?>
</div>
<div class="row">
<?php echo $form->labelEx($model,'create_time'); ?>
<?php echo $form->textField($model,'create_time'); ?>
<?php echo $form->error($model,'create_time'); ?>
</div>
<div class="row">
<?php echo $form->labelEx($model,'update_time'); ?>
<?php echo $form->textField($model,'update_time'); ?>
<?php echo $form->error($model,'update_time'); ?>
</div>
<div class="row buttons">
<?php echo CHtml::submitButton('Submit'); ?>
</div>
<?php $this->endWidget(); ?>
</div><!-- form -->
在控制器中我们需要做如下的配置
模仿gii提示的控制器方法,我们做如下代码
public function actionActiveform(){
$model=new User;
// uncomment the following code to enable ajax-based validation
/*
if(isset($_POST['ajax']) && $_POST['ajax']==='user-active_form-form')
{
echo CActiveForm::validate($model);
Yii::app()->end();
}
*/
if(isset($_POST['User']))
{
$model->attributes=$_POST['User'];
if($model->validate())
{
// form inputs are valid, do something here
return;
}
}
$this->render('active_form',array('model'=>$model));
}