5.4.1 查看当前系统中的软件信息(dpkg -l)
"dpkg -l"命令用于查看当前系统中所有deb的软件包信息;通过"dpkg -l"命令与less和grep命令配合使用,可以实现更复杂的软件包信息查询功能。
- debian:~/Desktop# dpkg -l
- 期望状态=未知(u)/安装(i)/删除(r )/清除(p)/保持(h)
- | 当前状态=未(n)/已安装(i)/仅存配置(c )/仅解压缩(U)/配置失败(F)/不完全安装(H)
- |/ 错误?=(无)/保持(?)/须重装(R )/两者兼有(#) (状态,错误:大写=故障)
- ||/ 名称 版本 简介
- +++-====================================-=========================
- ii acpi 0.09-1 displays information on ACPI devices
- ii acpid 1.0.4-5 Utilities for using ACPI power management
- ii adduser 3.87 Add and remove users and groups
- ii alacarte 0.8-3 easy GNOME menu editing tool
- ii alsa-base 1.0.11-2 ALSA driver configuration files
- ii alsa-utils 1.0.11-4 ALSA utilities
- ii antlr 2.7.6-6 language tool for constructing recognizers,
- ii apt 0.6.44.1 Advanced front-end for dpkg
- ii apt-utils 0.6.44.1 APT utility programs
- ii aptitude 0.4.1-1.1 terminal-based apt frontend
- ii artsbuilder 3.5.3-1 synthesizer designer for aRts
- ii at 3.1.10 Delayed job execution and batch processing
- ii base-files 3.1.13 Debian base system miscellaneous files
- ii base-passwd 3.5.11 Debian base system master password and group
- ii bash 3.1-4 The GNU Bourne Again SHell
- ii bc 1.06-19 The GNU bc arbitrary precision calculator la
- ii bin86 0.16.14-1.4 16-bit x86 assembler and loader
- ii bind9-host 9.3.2-2 Version of 'host' bundled with BIND 9.X
- debian:~#dpkg -l | less
查询系统中与"vim"相关的软件包
- debian:~#dpkg -l | grep -i vim
5.4.2 查询已安装的指定软件包的详细信息(dpkg -s)
使用"dpkg -s"命令查询ssh软件包的详细信息
- debian:~# dpkg -s ssh
- Package: ssh
- Status: install ok installed
- Priority: extra
- Section: net
- Installed-Size: 32
- Maintainer: Matthew Vernon <matthew@debian.org>
- Architecture: all
- Source: openssh
- Version: 1:4.3p2-2
- Depends: openssh-client, openssh-server
- Description: Secure shell client and server (transitional package)
- This is a transitional package depending on both the OpenSSH client and
- the OpenSSH server, which are now in separate packages. You may remove
- it once the upgrade is complete and nothing depends on it.
5.4.3 查询系统中已安装的软件包所安装的文件(dpkg -L)
显示"ssh"软件包安装到系统的文件
- debian:~# dpkg -L ssh
- /.
- /usr
- /usr/share
- /usr/share/doc
- /usr/share/doc/openssh-client
- /usr/share/doc/ssh
5.4.4 查询系统中的某个文件属于哪个软件包(dpkg -S)
- debian:~# dpkg -S /etc/init.d/networking
- netbase: /etc/init.d/networking
文件"/etc/init.d/networking"属于名为"netbase"的软件包。
- debian:~# dpkg -S /etc/passwd
- dpkg:没有找到 /etc/passwd。
系统中许多文件不属于任何软件包,它们可能是用户或程序运行时建立的文件。
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/pppcode/500174