CentOS 7 部署Tomcat服务

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-18 11:11:53 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-18 11:11:53 发布

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文章标签：数据库运维操作系统

原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/13520761/2088687

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1.简介

1.1Tomcat

一个免费的开放源代码的Web 应用服务器，属于轻量级应用服务器，在中小型系统和并发访问用户不是很多的场合下被普遍使用，是开发和调试JSP 程序的首选。当配置正确时，Apache 为HTML页面服务，而Tomcat 实际上运行JSP 页面和Servlet。另外，Tomcat和IIS等Web服务器一样，具有处理HTML页面的功能，另外它还是一个Servlet和JSP容器，独立的Servlet容器是Tomcat的默认模式。不过，Tomcat处理静态HTML的能力不如Apache服务器。

1.2JVM

Java Virtual Machine（Java虚拟机）的缩写，JVM是一种用于计算设备的规范，它是一个虚构出来的计算机，是通过在实际的计算机上仿真模拟各种计算机功能来实现的。具有一次编译，到处运行的特性。

2.环境准备

[root@web04 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)

[root@web04 ~]# uname -r

3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64

[root@web04 ~]# getenforce

Disabled

[root@web04 ~]# systemctl status firewalld.service

● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)

Active: inactive (dead)

[root@web04 ~]# ifconfig

eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500

inet 10.0.0.18 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.0.255

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fec7:37ae prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>

ether 00:0c:29:c7:37:ae txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)

RX packets 1395 bytes 340494 (332.5 KiB)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 149 bytes 17284 (16.8 KiB)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

eth1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500

inet 172.16.1.18 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 172.16.1.255

inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fec7:37b8 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>

ether 00:0c:29:c7:37:b8 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)

RX packets 772 bytes 46320 (45.2 KiB)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 10 bytes 744 (744.0 B)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536

inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0

inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>

loop txqueuelen 0 (Local Loopback)

RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

3.JDK安装（所有涉及到JAVA应用都需要安装JDK）

3.1下载安装包到windows并上传

8版本的包地址：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

9版本的包地址：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk9-downloads-3848520.html

3.2解压

[root@web04 tools]# tar xf jdk-8u60-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /application/

3.3创建软链接

[root@web04 application]# ln -s jdk1.8.0_60/ jdk

3.4修改环境变量

[root@web04 application]# sed -i.ori '$a export JAVA_HOME=/application/jdk\nexport PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH\nexport CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar' /etc/profile

[root@web04 application]# source /etc/profile

3.5查看版本号

[root@web04 application]# java -version

java version "1.8.0_60"

Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_60-b27)

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.60-b23, mixed mode)

4.安装Tomcat

4.1下载tomcat

官方地址：http://tomcat.apache.org/

4.2解压

[root@web04 tools]# tar xf apache-tomcat-8.0.27.tar.gz -C /application/

4.3创建软链接

[root@web04 application]# ln -s apache-tomcat-8.0.27 tomcat

4.4修改环境变量

[root@web04 application]# echo 'export TOMCAT_HOME=/application/tomcat'>>/etc/profile

[root@web04 application]# source /etc/profile

4.5授权用户

[root@web04 application]# chown -R root.root /application/jdk/ /application/tomcat/

4.6查看tomcat相关信息

[root@web04 ~]# /application/tomcat/bin/version.sh

Using CATALINA_BASE: /application/tomcat

Using CATALINA_HOME: /application/tomcat

Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /application/tomcat/temp

Using JRE_HOME: /application/jdk

Using CLASSPATH: /application/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/application/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

Server version: Apache Tomcat/8.0.27

Server built: Sep 28 2015 08:17:25 UTC

Server number: 8.0.27.0

OS Name: Linux

OS Version: 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64

Architecture: amd64

JVM Version: 1.8.0_60-b27

JVM Vendor: Oracle Corporation

4.7启动tomcat

[root@web04 ~]# /application/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

Using CATALINA_BASE: /application/tomcat

Using CATALINA_HOME: /application/tomcat

Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /application/tomcat/temp

Using JRE_HOME: /application/jdk

Using CLASSPATH: /application/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/application/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

Tomcat started.

[root@web04 ~]# ss -lntup | grep java

tcp LISTEN 0 100 :::8009 :::* users:(("java",pid=2886,fd=51))

tcp LISTEN 0 100 :::8080 :::* users:(("java",pid=2886,fd=46))

5.解决tomcat在CentOS 7 启动慢

5.1原因

1）查看实时日志时，生成随机数的时候卡住，导致tomcat启动慢

2）没有足够的熵产生随机数

[root@web04 ~]# cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail ---查看熵值

5.2解决

1）随便敲打命令、按键、移动鼠标，使其聚气

2）安装熵服务器，增大熵池（推荐）

[root@web04 ~]# yum install -y rng-tools

[root@web04 ~]# systemctl start rngd

6.访问web界面

7.利用tomcat搭建jpress

7.1安装MySQL数据库（tomcat服务器本地创建数据库）

[root@web04 ~]# yum install -y mariadb-server

7.2启动MySQL数据库

[root@web04 ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service

7.3创建库

MariaDB [(none)]> create database jpress DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

7.4授权用户

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on jpress.* to jpress@'localhost' identified by '123456';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

7.5上传jpress-web-newest.war上传webapps目录

tomcat会自动解压jpress-web-newest.war

7.6浏览器访问http://10.0.0.18:8080/jpress-web-newest，网页安装

注意：搭建jpress站点，必须先启动MySQL 数据库，再启动tomcat。（原因：自己测试，实时查看tomcat日志，/applicatiom/tomcat/logs//catalina.out ）

8.tomcat多实例（一个站点，多个实例）

8.1创建多个实例

[root@web04 application]# cp -a apache-tomcat-8.0.27/ tomcat8_1

[root@web04 application]# cp -a apache-tomcat-8.0.27/ tomcat8_2

8.2修改多实例配置文件

[root@web04 application]# sed -i 's#8005#8011#;s#8080#8081#' tomcat8_1/conf/server.xml

[root@web04 application]# sed -i 's#8005#8011#;s#8080#8081#' tomcat8_2/conf/server.xml

8.3启动tomcat多实例

[root@web04 ~]# /application/tomcat8_1/bin/startup.sh

Using CATALINA_BASE: /application/tomcat8_1

Using CATALINA_HOME: /application/tomcat8_1

Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /application/tomcat8_1/temp

Using JRE_HOME: /application/jdk

Using CLASSPATH: /application/tomcat8_1/bin/bootstrap.jar:/application/tomcat8_1/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

Tomcat started.

[root@web04 ~]# /application/tomcat8_2/bin/startup.sh

Using CATALINA_BASE: /application/tomcat8_2

Using CATALINA_HOME: /application/tomcat8_2

Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /application/tomcat8_2/temp

Using JRE_HOME: /application/jdk

Using CLASSPATH: /application/tomcat8_2/bin/bootstrap.jar:/application/tomcat8_2/bin/tomcat-juli.jar

Tomcat started.

8.4tomcat反向代理集群（nginx反向代理服务器，这里使用的是CentOS 6.9系统）

[root@lb01 ~]# cat /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

worker_processes 1;

events {

worker_connections 1024;

}

http {

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

sendfile on;

keepalive_timeout 65;

upstream web_pools {

server 10.0.0.18:8081;

server 10.0.0.18:8082;

}

server {

listen 80;

server_name localhost;

location / {

root html;

index index.jsp index.html index.htm;

proxy_pass http://web_pools;

}

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;

location = /50x.html {

root html;

}

8.5启动nginx反向代理服务器（不能使用平滑启动）

[root@lb01 ~]# nginx -s stop

[root@lb01 ~]# nginx

9.zabbix监控tomcat服务器

9.1tomcat服务器开启远程监控功能

[root@web04 ~]# vim /application/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh +97

CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS

-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote

-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=12345

-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false

-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false

-Djava.rmi.server.hostname=10.0.0.17"

[root@web04 ~]# /application/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh

[root@web04 ~]# /application/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

9.2zabbix服务端开启java监控功能

[root@m01 ~]# sed -i -e '220a JavaGateway=127.0.0.1' -e '236a StartJavaPollers=5' /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

[root@m01 ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-server.service

[root@m01 ~]# yum -y install zabbix-java-gateway

9.3zabbix服务端监控

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/13520761/2088687

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