20135306黄韧 ——第十章续-CSDN博客

第十章（续）

编译运行代码

echostate

检验在命令行中输入命令时是否可见，如果可见，返回echo is on , since its bit is 1

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<termios.h> int main() { struct termios info; int rv; rv = tcgetattr( 0, &info ); /* read values from driver */ if ( rv == -1 ){ perror( "tcgetattr"); exit(1); } if ( info.c_lflag & ECHO ) printf(" echo is on , since its bit is 1\n"); else printf(" echo is OFF, since its bit is 0\n"); return 0; }

fileinfo

查看文件信息。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h> void show_stat_info(char *, struct stat *); int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct stat info; if (argc>1) { if( stat(argv[1], &info) != -1 ){ show_stat_info( argv[1], &info ); return 0; } else perror(argv[1]); } return 1; } void show_stat_info(char *fname, struct stat *buf) { printf(" mode: %o\n", buf->st_mode); printf(" links: %d\n", buf->st_nlink); printf(" user: %d\n", buf->st_uid); printf(" group: %d\n", buf->st_gid); printf(" size: %d\n", (int)buf->st_size); printf("modtime: %d\n", (int)buf->st_mtime); printf(" name: %s\n", fname ); }

finfo_buffer — 返回一个字符串缓冲区的信息
finfo_close — 关闭 fileinfo 资源
finfo_file — 返回一个文件的信息
finfo_open — 创建一个 fileinfo 资源
finfo_set_flags — 设置 libmagic 配置选项
mime_content_type — 检测文件的 MIME 类型（已废弃）

filesize

计算文件的字节数大小。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

int main() { struct stat infobuf; if ( stat( "/etc/passwd", &infobuf) == -1 ) perror("/etc/passwd"); else printf(" The size of /etc/passwd is %d\n", infobuf.st_size ); }

filesize() 函数返回指定文件的大小

若成功，则返回文件大小的字节数。若失败，则返回 false 并生成一条 E_WARNING 级的错误

语法

filesize(filename)

参数	描述
filename	必需。规定要检查的文件。

ls1

显示当前目录下的文件。

#include	<stdio.h>
#include	<sys/types.h>
#include <dirent.h> void do_ls(char []); int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { if ( argc == 1 ) do_ls( "." ); else while ( --argc ){ printf("%s:\n", *++argv ); do_ls( *argv ); } return 0; } void do_ls( char dirname[] ) { DIR *dir_ptr; struct dirent *direntp; if ( ( dir_ptr = opendir( dirname ) ) == NULL ) fprintf(stderr,"ls1: cannot open %s\n", dirname); else { while ( ( direntp = readdir( dir_ptr ) ) != NULL ) printf("%s\n", direntp->d_name ); closedir(dir_ptr); } }

ls2

查看文件的详细信息，比如用户名，群组名，大小，创建时间，读写权限等。

#include	<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include <sys/types.h> #include <dirent.h> #include <sys/stat.h> void do_ls(char[]); void dostat(char *); void show_file_info( char *, struct stat *); void mode_to_letters( int , char [] ); char *uid_to_name( uid_t ); char *gid_to_name( gid_t ); int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { if ( argc == 1 ) do_ls( "." ); else while ( --argc ){ printf("%s:\n", *++argv ); do_ls( *argv ); } return 0; } void do_ls( char dirname[] ) { DIR *dir_ptr; struct dirent *direntp; if ( ( dir_ptr = opendir( dirname ) ) == NULL ) fprintf(stderr,"ls1: cannot open %s\n", dirname); else { while ( ( direntp = readdir( dir_ptr ) ) != NULL ) dostat( direntp->d_name ); closedir(dir_ptr); } } void dostat( char *filename ) { struct stat info; if ( stat(filename, &info) == -1 ) perror( filename ); else show_file_info( filename, &info ); } void show_file_info( char *filename, struct stat *info_p ) { char *uid_to_name(), *ctime(), *gid_to_name(), *filemode(); void mode_to_letters(); charmodestr[11]; mode_to_letters( info_p->st_mode, modestr ); printf( "%s", modestr ); printf( "%4d " , (int) info_p->st_nlink); printf( "%-8s " , uid_to_name(info_p->st_uid) ); printf( "%-8s " , gid_to_name(info_p->st_gid) ); printf( "%8ld " , (long)info_p->st_size); printf( "%.12s ", 4+ctime(&info_p->st_mtime)); printf( "%s\n" , filename ); } void mode_to_letters( int mode, char str[] ) { strcpy( str, "----------" ); if ( S_ISDIR(mode) ) str[0] = 'd'; if ( S_ISCHR(mode) ) str[0] = 'c'; if ( S_ISBLK(mode) ) str[0] = 'b'; if ( mode & S_IRUSR ) str[1] = 'r'; if ( mode & S_IWUSR ) str[2] = 'w'; if ( mode & S_IXUSR ) str[3] = 'x'; if ( mode & S_IRGRP ) str[4] = 'r'; if ( mode & S_IWGRP ) str[5] = 'w'; if ( mode & S_IXGRP ) str[6] = 'x'; if ( mode & S_IROTH ) str[7] = 'r'; if ( mode & S_IWOTH ) str[8] = 'w'; if ( mode & S_IXOTH ) str[9] = 'x'; } #include <pwd.h> char *uid_to_name( uid_t uid ) { struct passwd *getpwuid(), *pw_ptr; static char numstr[10]; if ( ( pw_ptr = getpwuid( uid ) ) == NULL ){ sprintf(numstr,"%d", uid); return numstr; } else return pw_ptr->pw_name ; } #include <grp.h> char *gid_to_name( gid_t gid ) { struct group *getgrgid(), *grp_ptr; static char numstr[10]; if ( ( grp_ptr = getgrgid(gid) ) == NULL ){ sprintf(numstr,"%d", gid); return numstr; } else return grp_ptr->gr_name; }

setecho

设置在命令行中输入命令时是否可见，如果可见，输入setecho yes;如果设置为不可见，输入setecho no。

#include<stdio.h>
#include 		<stdlib.h>
#include<termios.h> #define oops(s,x) { perror(s); exit(x); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { struct termios info; if ( argc == 1 ) exit(0); if ( tcgetattr(0,&info) == -1 ) /* get attribs */ oops("tcgettattr", 1); if ( argv[1][0] == 'y' ) info.c_lflag |= ECHO ; /* turn on bit*/ else info.c_lflag &= ~ECHO ; /* turn off bit */ if ( tcsetattr(0,TCSANOW,&info) == -1 ) /* set attribs*/ oops("tcsetattr",2); return 0; }

spwd

显示当前所在目录。

#include	<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <dirent.h> ino_t get_inode(char *); voidprintpathto(ino_t); voidinum_to_name(ino_t , char *, int ); int main() { printpathto( get_inode( "." ) ); putchar('\n'); return 0; } void printpathto( ino_t this_inode ) { ino_t my_inode ; char its_name[BUFSIZ]; if ( get_inode("..") != this_inode ) { chdir( ".." ); inum_to_name(this_inode,its_name,BUFSIZ); my_inode = get_inode( "." ); printpathto( my_inode ); printf("/%s", its_name ); } } void inum_to_name(ino_t inode_to_find , char *namebuf, int buflen) { DIR *dir_ptr; struct dirent *direntp; dir_ptr = opendir( "." ); if ( dir_ptr == NULL ){ perror( "." ); exit(1); } while ( ( direntp = readdir( dir_ptr ) ) != NULL ) if ( direntp->d_ino == inode_to_find ) { strncpy( namebuf, direntp->d_name, buflen); namebuf[buflen-1] = '\0'; closedir( dir_ptr ); return; } fprintf(stderr, "error looking for inum %d\n", (int) inode_to_find); exit(1); } ino_t get_inode( char *fname ) { struct stat info; if ( stat( fname , &info ) == -1 ){ fprintf(stderr, "Cannot stat "); perror(fname); exit(1); } return info.st_ino; }

testioctl

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> int main() { struct winsize size; if( isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) == 0) exit(1); if (ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &size) < 0) { perror("ioctl TIOCGWINSZ error"); exit(1); } printf("%d rows %d columns\n", size.ws_row, size.ws_col); return 0; }

who1

从UTMP_FILE文件中读取想要的信息到存储器中，然后再用标准输出函数打印到屏幕上，最后关闭文件。

#include	<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <utmp.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <unistd.h> #define SHOWHOST int show_info( struct utmp *utbufp ) { printf("%-8.8s", utbufp->ut_name); printf(" "); printf("%-8.8s", utbufp->ut_line); printf(" "); printf("%10ld", utbufp->ut_time); printf(" "); #ifdef SHOWHOST printf("(%s)", utbufp->ut_host); #endif printf("\n"); return 0; } int main() { struct utmp current_record; int utmpfd; int reclen = sizeof(current_record); if ( (utmpfd = open(UTMP_FILE, O_RDONLY)) == -1 ){ perror( UTMP_FILE ); exit(1); } while ( read(utmpfd, &current_record, reclen) == reclen ) show_info(&current_record); close(utmpfd); return 0; }

who2

#include	<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <utmp.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <unistd.h> #define SHOWHOST int show_info( struct utmp *utbufp ) { printf("%-8.8s", utbufp->ut_name); printf(" "); printf("%-8.8s", utbufp->ut_line); printf(" "); printf("%10ld", utbufp->ut_time); printf(" "); #ifdef SHOWHOST printf("(%s)", utbufp->ut_host); #endif printf("\n"); return 0; } int main() { struct utmp current_record; int utmpfd; int reclen = sizeof(current_record); if ( (utmpfd = open(UTMP_FILE, O_RDONLY)) == -1 ){ perror( UTMP_FILE ); exit(1); } while ( read(utmpfd, &current_record, reclen) == reclen ) show_info(&current_record); close(utmpfd); return 0; }