华为服务器维护题库,Oracle

结论、解决方案及效果

解决方案

使用nfs技术新挂载一个磁盘,然后将此盘加载成quorum failgroup组,这样就成3个failgroup。

A special type of failure group has been introduced in ASM 11.2, and it’s called a quorum failure group. This type of failure group is used in the context of extended distance clusters, when the voting files are deployed in ASM. A quorum failure group does not contain user data, and it does not count for disk group redundancy requirements.

With stretched clusters, we need at least three voting files, one on each site plus a third that is normally deployed via NFS. Unfortunately, the OUI doesn’t allow such a complex setup, so when configuring the extended distance cluster, you should start with a normal configuration—two voting disks on site A and one for site B—and add the third voting disk after the installation finishes.

Begin by exporting a file system on the NFS appliance, containing a zero-padded file to serve as the voting disk later. The file should be the same size as the ASM disks already used to store the voting files.

This NFS export should then be concurrently mounted by the two sites. Continue by adding the new zero-padded file as an ASM disk, marked as a quorum failure group—for this you have to change the disk discovery string. Once the new disk is added to the disk group, ASM will automatically readjust the voting files and include the NFS disk!

下图为架构图。

NFS磁盘挂载步骤如下：

按照最佳实践文档，完成存储grid的安装。

利用NFS服务器创建OCR共享目录。

挂载NFS目录至数据库RAC所有节点。# mkdir -p /u01/ocrdata

# vi /etc/fstab

nfs_nas_server:/vol/DATA/oradata /u01/oradata nfs rw,bg,hard,nointr,tcp,nfsvers=3,timeo=600,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,actimeo=0

在一个节点执行dd命令生成OCR磁盘文件。# dd if=/dev/zero of=/u01/ocrdata/disk1 bs=1024k count=10000 oflag=direct

# chown -R grid:asmadmin /u01/ocrdata/

# chmod 660 /u02/oradata/datadg/*

在其中一个asm实例中,修改ASM磁盘查找路径。# sqlplus / as sysasm

SQL>alter system set asm_diskstring='/dev/asmdisk/*','/u01/ocrdisk/disk1';

查看NFS磁盘是否可被ASM识别。SQL>col path format A40

SQL>select group_number,name,path,mount_status,header_status,state,REDUNDANCY,FAILGROUP,voting_file from v$asm_disk;

增加NFS磁盘至OCR磁盘组。首先尝试在原OCR磁盘组增加NFS磁盘。SQL>alter diskgroup OCR add quorum failgroup FGQ DISK '/u01/ocrdisk/disk1';

若无法在原OCR磁盘组增加NFS磁盘，则执行新创建磁盘组。

以grid用户切换votedisk。

[grid@dbn1 ~]$ crsctl replace votedisk +CRS

Successful addition of voting disk 58c1ac72dff94f25bffc8e649a36c883.

Successful addition of voting disk 076f0b3e9b0a4f5cbf26841c540211a7.

Successful addition of voting disk 84cf735c784e4f74bf5d55fc99e98422.

Successful deletion of voting disk 73fb4a797e624fa9bf382f841340dfa8.

Successfully replaced voting disk group with +CRS.

检查votedisk情况。[grid@dbn1 ~]$ crsctl query css votedisk

## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group

-- ----- ----------------- --------- ---------

1. ONLINE 58c1ac72dff94f25bffc8e649a36c883 (/dev/asmdisk/asm-diske) [CRS]

2. ONLINE 076f0b3e9b0a4f5cbf26841c540211a7 (/dev/asmdisk/asm-diskf) [CRS]

3. ONLINE 84cf735c784e4f74bf5d55fc99e98422 (/u01/ocrdisk/disk1) [CRS]

Located 3 voting disk(s).