mysql5.7 外键错误,Laravel 5.1中的mysql外键错误

我创建了两个迁移:

迁移1Schema::create('responders', function (Blueprint $table) {

$table->increments('id');

$table->string('user_id');

$table->double('latitude', 10, 6);

$table->double('longitude', 10, 6);

$table->timestamps();

});

迁移2Schema::create('devices', function (Blueprint $table) {

$table->increments('id');

$table->string('user_id');

$table->string('device_id');

$table->string('device_token');

$table->timestamps();

$table->foreign('user_id')

->references('user_id')

->on('responders')

->onDelete('cascade');

});

当我开始迁移时，将抛出错误消息:

[Illuminate\Database\QueryException]

SQLSTATE[HY000]:常规错误:1215无法添加外键约束(SQL:alter tabledevicesadd constraint devices_user_id_foreign外键(user_id)referencesresponders(user_id)on delete cascade)

[PDOException]

SQLSTATE[HY000]:常规错误:1215无法添加外键约束

我特别注意数据类型是相同的。在本例中，这两种类型都是string。为什么外键不能建立？