linux数据库只恢复数据库数据,利用RMAN恢复整个数据库

恢复目录不一致

当数据库目录不一样的时候，一般没有必要这样做，但是有时候特殊的需要

备份脚本：

run{

allocate channel ch1 type disk;

sql ‘alter system archive log current’;

backup as compressed backupset database format ‘/u02/rman/testdb_%T_%U’;

sql ‘alter system archive log current’;

backup as compressed archivelog all format ‘/u02/rman/testarc_%T_%U’;

backup current controlfile format ‘/u02/rman/testcon_%T_U’;

release channel ch1;

}

crosscheck backup;

delete force noprompt obsolete;

1，2，3，4，5过程和案例一的基本一样。

下面是恢复过程：

[oracle@sdb rman]$ rman target / nocatalog

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Sep 19 17:08:33 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database (not started)

1)恢复spfile文件

RMAN> startup nomount;

connected to target database (not started)

startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/10g/db_1/dbs/inittest.ora'

starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrival of spfile

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area     159383552 bytes

Fixed Size                     1266344 bytes

Variable Size                 54529368 bytes

Database Buffers             100663296 bytes

Redo Buffers                   2924544 bytes

RMAN> restore spfile from '/u02/rman/testdb_20100919_0slo9uv5_1_1';

Starting restore at 19-SEP-10

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=36 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: /u02/rman/testdb_20100919_0slo9uv5_1_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from autobackup complete

Finished restore at 19-SEP-10

3)恢复controlfile

RMAN> shutdown immediate;

Oracle instance shut down

RMAN> startup nomount;

connected to target database (not started)

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area     167772160 bytes

Fixed Size                     1266392 bytes

Variable Size                 88083752 bytes

Database Buffers              75497472 bytes

Redo Buffers                   2924544 bytes

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/u02/rman/testcon_20100919_0ulo9uvd_1_1';

Starting restore at 19-SEP-10

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=101 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/control01.ctl

output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/control02.ctl

output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/control03.ctl

Finished restore at 19-SEP-10

4)恢复数据库(restore，recover)

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

RMAN> report schema;

Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 19-SEP-10

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=101 devtype=DISK

Crosschecked 7 objects

Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 19-SEP-10

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 19-SEP-10

using channel ORA_DISK_1

Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 19-SEP-10

searching for all files in the recovery area

cataloging files...

no files cataloged

RMAN-06139: WARNING: control file is not current for REPORT SCHEMA

Report of database schema

List of Permanent Datafiles

===========================

File Size(MB) Tablespace           RB segs Datafile Name

---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------

1    0        SYSTEM               ***     /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf

2    0        UNDOTBS1             ***     /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf

3    0        SYSAUX               ***     /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf

4    0        USERS                ***     /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/users01.dbf

List of Temporary Files

=======================

File Size(MB) Tablespace           Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name

---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------

1    0        TEMP                 32767       /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf

RMAN> run{

2> set newname for datafile 1 to '/u03/oradata/test/system01.dbf';

3> set newname for datafile 2 to '/u03/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf';

4> set newname for datafile 3 to '/u03/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf';

5> set newname for datafile 4 to '/u03/oradata/test/users01.dbf';

6> restore datafile 1,2,3,4;

7> switch datafile all;

8> }

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

Starting restore at 19-SEP-10

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

restoring datafile 00001 to /u03/oradata/test/system01.dbf

restoring datafile 00002 to /u03/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf

restoring datafile 00003 to /u03/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf

restoring datafile 00004 to /u03/oradata/test/users01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u02/rman/testdb_20100919_0rlo9utn_1_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/u02/rman/testdb_20100919_0rlo9utn_1_1 tag=TAG20100919T152439

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:36

Finished restore at 19-SEP-10

datafile 1 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy recid=5 stamp=730143305 filename=/u03/oradata/test/system01.dbf

datafile 2 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy recid=6 stamp=730143305 filename=/u03/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf

datafile 3 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy recid=7 stamp=730143305 filename=/u03/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf

datafile 4 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy recid=8 stamp=730143305 filename=/u03/oradata/test/users01.dbf

RMAN> alter database mount;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of alter db command at 09/19/2010 17:35:25

ORA-01100: database already mounted

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 19-SEP-10

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archive log thread 1 sequence 43 is already on disk as file /u01/arclog/1_43_729861888.dbf

archive log thread 1 sequence 44 is already on disk as file /u01/arclog/1_44_729861888.dbf

archive log filename=/u01/arclog/1_43_729861888.dbf thread=1 sequence=43

archive log filename=/u01/arclog/1_44_729861888.dbf thread=1 sequence=44

unable to find archive log

archive log thread=1 sequence=45

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 09/19/2010 17:36:40

RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown log: thread 1 seq 45 lowscn 500916

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

database opened

RMAN> exit

Recovery Manager complete.

5)到此为至，数据文件，以及初始化参数文件，控制文件已经恢复完毕，但控制文件还是保存在以前记录的目录里，以及redo,temp文件，下面是这几个文件的恢复过程：

[oracle@sdb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Sep 19 17:37:44 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

A．查看当前日志的状态

SQL> select group#,status from v$log;

删除不在使用的归档日志，然后再添加回去

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 2;

SQL> alter database add logfile group 2 '/u03/oradata/test/redo02.log' size 50m;

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 3;

SQL> alter database add logfile group 3 '/u03/oradata/test/redo03.log' size 50m;

下面删除归档1的时候要注意，必须将其状态切换变为INACTIVE的时候，才可以删除归档1，否则会提示当前的还没有归档完

SQL> select group#,status from v$log;

SQL> alter system archive log current;

SQL> select group#,status from v$log;

SQL> alter system archive log current;

SQL> select group#,status from v$log;

SQL> alter system archive log current;

SQL> select group#,status from v$log;

SQL> alter system archive log current;

SQL> select group#,status from v$log;

SQL> alter database drop logfile group 1;

SQL> alter database add logfile group 1 '/u03/oradata/test/redo01.log' size 50m;

SQL> select * from v$logfile;

看上面的信息redo联机日志恢复成功

B．恢复controlfile文件

SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/inittest.ora' from spfile;    --先备份spfile

SQL> shutdown immediate;

[oracle@sdb ~]$ vim inittest.ora   --加颜色的地方，就是要修改的地方，像*dump_dest目录也可以根据需要进行修改，还有归档目录

test.__db_cache_size=75497472

test.__java_pool_size=4194304

test.__large_pool_size=4194304

test.__shared_pool_size=79691776

test.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/test/adump'

*.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/test/bdump'

*.compatible='10.2.0.3.0'

*.control_files='/u03/oradata/test/control01.ctl','/u03/oradata/test/control02.ctl','/u03/oradata/test/control03.ctl'#Restore Controlfile

*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/test/cdump'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

*.db_name='test'

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=testXDB)'

*.job_queue_processes=10

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u03/arclog'

*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'

*.open_cursors=300

*.pga_aggregate_target=16777216

*.processes=100

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.sessions=115

*.sga_target=167772160

*.undo_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

*.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/test/udump'

[oracle@sdb ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> startup nomount pfile='/home/oracle/inittest.ora';

[oracle@sdb ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/

下面是重点，一定要将控制文件拷贝到恢复后相应的目录里

[oracle@sdb test]$ cp ./control* /u03/oradata/test/

[oracle@sdb test]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> alter database mount;

SQL> alter database open;

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

create spfile from pfile

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file

'/u01/app/oracle/10g/db_1/dbs/inittest.ora'

出现上面的错误原因是：在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录下没有找到pfile文件，将之前在/home/oracle/inittest.ora文件拷贝过去，再执行

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

C．修改temp文件：

先将数据文件离线，再修改名以及路径，最后让数据文件在线

SQL> alter database tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf' offline;

SQL> host cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf /u03/oradata/test/temp01.dbf;

SQL> alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf' to '/u03/oradata/test/temp01.dbf';

SQL> alter database tempfile '/u03/oradata/test/temp01.dbf' online;

5)检查恢复的整体情况，当然也可以再进行下归档的恢复

SQL> shutdown immediate;

SQL> startup;

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

SQL> select group#,member from v$logfile;

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;