linux自动挂载ext4,创建ext4文件系统，并自动挂载

实验环境如下：

[root@Centos7 ~]# uname -r

3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64

[root@Centos7 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)

[root@Centos7 ~]# lsblk

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

sda 8:0 0 50G 0 disk

├─sda1 8:1 0 476M 0 part /boot

└─sda2 8:2 0 49.5G 0 part

├─centos-root 253:0 0 47.5G 0 lvm /

└─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]

sr0 11:0 1 8.1G 0 rom /mnt

新增一块20G的硬盘备用

不重启，扫描硬盘文件即可生效

[root@Centos7 ~]# lsblk

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

sda 8:0 0 50G 0 disk

├─sda1 8:1 0 476M 0 part /boot

└─sda2 8:2 0 49.5G 0 part

├─centos-root 253:0 0 47.5G 0 lvm /

└─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]

sr0 11:0 1 8.1G 0 rom /mnt

[root@Centos7 ~]# echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan

[root@Centos7 ~]# echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan

#sdb已能呈现

[root@Centos7 ~]# lsblk

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

sda 8:0 0 50G 0 disk

├─sda1 8:1 0 476M 0 part /boot

└─sda2 8:2 0 49.5G 0 part

├─centos-root 253:0 0 47.5G 0 lvm /

└─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]

sdb 8:16 0 20G 0 disk

sr0 11:0 1 8.1G 0 rom /mnt

创建一个2G ext4的文件系统，block为2048byte，预留1%可用空间，卷标为TEST

[root@Centos7 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): n

Partition type:

p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)

e extende