ora01113 Linux,无归档情况下使用BBED处理ORA-01113错误

在丢失归档情况下,恢复时常会遇到ORA-01113错误，以下实验模拟表空间offline，然后在丢失归档文件的情况下使用BBED修改文件头信息，最后恢复数据文件；

数据库版本:

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

CORE    11.2.0.1.0      Production

TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

数据文件信息:

SQL>  select file#,name, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,to_char(CHECKPOINT_TIME,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')checkpoint_time,status,BLOCK_SIZE from v$datafile;

FILE# NAME                                CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME    STATUS  BLOCK_SIZE

---------- ----------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------- ------- ----------

1 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf            3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 SYSTEM        8192

2 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/sysaux01.dbf            3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 ONLINE        8192

3 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/undotbs01.dbf            3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 ONLINE        8192

4 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/users01.dbf              3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 ONLINE        8192

5 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs01.dbf                  3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 ONLINE        8192

6 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs02.dbf                  3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 ONLINE        8192

7 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf                  3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 ONLINE        8192

8 /tmp/tbs_tmp.dbf                              3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 ONLINE        8192

offline数据文件7并删除归档模拟ora-01113:

SQL> alter database datafile 7 offline;

Database altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter database datafile 7 online;

alter database datafile 7 online

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01113: file 7 needs media recovery

ORA-01110: data file 7: '/disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf'

SQL> select file#,change#,time from v$recover_file;

FILE#    CHANGE# TIME

---------- ---------- ---------

7    3161898 13-APR-15

使用BBED需要修改的内容有:

ub4 kscnbas @484    #最后检查的SCN

ub4 kcvcptim @492    #检查时间

ub4 kcvfhcpc @140  #检查点发生次数

ub4 kcvfhccc @148  #未知,但值一直小于kcvfhcpc 1

BBED> info

File#  Name                                                        Size(blks)

-----  ----                                                        ----------

1  /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf                              92160

2  /u01/app/oradata/sydb/sysaux01.dbf                              71680

3  /u01/app/oradata/sydb/undotbs01.dbf                              52480

4  /u01/app/oradata/sydb/users01.dbf                                1600

5  /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs01.dbf                                  221696

6  /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs02.dbf                                    14592

7  /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf                                    2560

8  /tmp/tbs_tmp.dbf                                                  1280

先确认好system表空间文件信息:

BBED> set dba 1,1 block 1

DBA            0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

BLOCK#          1

BBED> print kcvfhckp

struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes                  @484

struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                @484

ub4 kscnbas                          @484      0x003043a9

ub2 kscnwrp                          @488      0x0000

ub4 kcvcptim                            @492      0x34453174

BBED> dump/v dba 1,1 offset 484 count 30

File: /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1      Offsets:  484 to  513  Dba:0x00400001

-------------------------------------------------------

a9433000 00000000 74314534 01000000 l ....t1E4....

ab000000 2e080000 1000866b 0200    l .......k..

BBED> dump/v dba 1,1 offset 492 count 30

File: /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1      Offsets:  492 to  521  Dba:0x00400001

-------------------------------------------------------

74314534 01000000 ab000000 2e080000 l t1E4........

1000866b 02000000 00000000 0000    l ...k.......…

BBED> print kcvfhcpc

ub4 kcvfhcpc                                @140      0x00000237

BBED> dump/v dba 1,1 offset 140 count 30

File: /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1      Offsets:  140 to  169  Dba:0x00400001

-------------------------------------------------------

37020000 fe522034 36020000 00000000 l 7...6.......

00000000 00000000 00000000 0000    l ...........…

BBED> print kcvfhccc

ub4 kcvfhccc                                @148      0x00000236

BBED> dump/v dba 1,1 offset 148 count 30

File: /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1      Offsets:  148 to  177  Dba:0x00400001

-------------------------------------------------------

36020000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l 6...............

00000000 00000000 00000000 0000    l ..............

再确认数据文件7信息:

BBED> print kcvfhckp

struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes                  @484

struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                @484

ub4 kscnbas                          @484      0x00303f2a

ub2 kscnwrp                          @488      0x0000

ub4 kcvcptim                            @492      0x34452bad

ub2 kcvcpthr                            @496      0x0001

BBED> dump/v dba 7,1 offset 484 count 30

File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7)

Block: 1      Offsets:  484 to  513  Dba:0x01c00001

-------------------------------------------------------

2a3f3000 00000000 ad2b4534 01000000 l *?0.........

a8000000 65000000 10000000 0200    l e.........

<16 bytes per line>

BBED> dump/v dba 7,1 offset 492 count 30

File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7)

Block: 1      Offsets:  492 to  521  Dba:0x01c00001

-------------------------------------------------------

ad2b4534 01000000 a8000000 65000000 l ....e...

10000000 02000000 00000000 0000    l ...........…

BBED> print kcvfhcpc

ub4 kcvfhcpc                                @140      0x00000164

BBED> dump/v dba 7,1 offset 140

File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7)

Block: 1      Offsets:  140 to  169  Dba:0x01c00001

-------------------------------------------------------

64010000 fe522034 63010000 00000000 l d...c.......

00000000 00000000 00000000 0000    l ...........…

BBED> print kcvfhccc

ub4 kcvfhccc                                @148      0x00000163

BBED> dump/v dba 7,1 offset 148

File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7)

Block: 1      Offsets:  148 to  177  Dba:0x01c00001

-------------------------------------------------------

63010000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l c...............

00000000 00000000 00000000 0000    l ..............

00303f2a 刚好是v$recover_file 中查询到的CHANGE#值

SQL> select to_number('00303f2a','xxxxxxxxx') from dual;

TO_NUMBER('00303F2A','XXXXXXXXX')

---------------------------------

3161898

修改值:

BBED> modify /x a943 dba 7,1 offset 484

BBED> set offset +2

OFFSET          486

BBED> modify /x 3000

BBED> dump /v dba 7,1 offset 484

File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7)

Block: 1      Offsets:  484 to  513  Dba:0x01c00001

-------------------------------------------------------

a9433000 00000000 ad2b4534 01000000 l ........

a8000000 65000000 10000000 0200    l e......…

BBED> modify /x 74314534 dba 7,1 offset 492

File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7)

Block: 1                Offsets:  492 to  521          Dba:0x01c00001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

74314534 01000000 a8000000 65000000 10000000 02000000 00000000 0000

BBED> modify /x 37020000 dba 7,1 offset 140

File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7)

Block: 1                Offsets:  140 to  169          Dba:0x01c00001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

37020000 fe522034 63010000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0000

BBED> modify /x 36020000 dba 7,1 offset 148

File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7)

Block: 1                Offsets:  148 to  177          Dba:0x01c00001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

36020000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0000

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 7, Block 1:

current = 0x7b4d, required = 0x7b4d

确认修改:

SQL> select * from v$recover_file;

FILE# ONLINE  ONLINE_ ERROR                                                                CHANGE# TIME

---------- ------- ------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------

7 OFFLINE OFFLINE UNKNOWN ERROR                                            3163049 13-APR-15

SQL>  column name format a35

SQL>  select file#,name, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,to_char(CHECKPOINT_TIME,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')checkpoint_time,status,BLOCK_SIZE from v$datafile;

FILE# NAME                                CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME    STATUS  BLOCK_SIZE

---------- ----------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------- ------- ----------

1 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf            3163049 2015-04-13 21:11:16 SYSTEM        8192

2 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/sysaux01.dbf            3163049 2015-04-13 21:11:16 ONLINE        8192

3 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/undotbs01.dbf            3163049 2015-04-13 21:11:16 ONLINE        8192

4 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/users01.dbf              3163049 2015-04-13 21:11:16 ONLINE        8192

5 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs01.dbf                  3163049 2015-04-13 21:11:16 ONLINE        8192

6 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs02.dbf                  3163049 2015-04-13 21:11:16 ONLINE        8192

7 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf                  3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 RECOVER      8192

8 /tmp/tbs_tmp.dbf                              3163049 2015-04-13 21:11:16 ONLINE        8192

控制文件的信息没有被修改也无法通过BBED修改,所以此时无法恢复data file 7;

SQL> alter database datafile 7 online;

alter database datafile 7 online

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01113: file 7 needs media recovery

ORA-01110: data file 7: '/disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf'

SQL> recover datafile 7;

ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors

ORA-01122: database file 7 failed verification check

ORA-01110: data file 7: '/disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf'

ORA-01207: file is more recent than control file - old control file

通过重建控制文件恢复数据文件7:

SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace;

SQL> shutdown immediate

SQL>STARTUP NOMOUNT

CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "SYDB" NORESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG

MAXLOGFILES 16

MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

MAXDATAFILES 100

MAXINSTANCES 8

MAXLOGHISTORY 292

LOGFILE

GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oradata/sydb/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oradata/sydb/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,

GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oradata/sydb/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512

-- STANDBY LOGFILE

DATAFILE

'/u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oradata/sydb/sysaux01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oradata/sydb/undotbs01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oradata/sydb/users01.dbf',

'/disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs01.dbf',

'/disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs02.dbf',

'/disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf',

'/tmp/tbs_tmp.dbf'

CHARACTER SET UTF8

;

Control file created.

SQL> alter database open;

alter database open

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01113: file 7 needs media recovery

ORA-01110: data file 7: '/disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf''

SQL> recover database;

Media recovery complete.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL>  column name format a35

SQL>  select file#,name, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,to_char(CHECKPOINT_TIME,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')checkpoint_time,status,BLOCK_SIZE from v$datafile;

FILE# NAME                                CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME    STATUS  BLOCK_SIZE

---------- ----------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------- ------- ----------

1 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf            3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 SYSTEM        8192

2 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/sysaux01.dbf            3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 ONLINE        8192

3 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/undotbs01.dbf            3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 ONLINE        8192

4 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/users01.dbf              3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 ONLINE        8192

5 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs01.dbf                  3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 ONLINE        8192

6 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs02.dbf                  3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 ONLINE        8192

7 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf                  3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 ONLINE        8192

8 /tmp/tbs_tmp.dbf                              3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 ONLINE        8192

注:不同情况，有可能还是无法打开数据库，比如报(ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery),尝试使用NORESETLOGS方式重建控制文件,然后在执行Media Recovery 。

--Then end