Php反射和依赖注入,如何用 PHP 的反射类实现依赖注入

ReflectionClass 提供关于类的信息，它有什么属性、哪些方法、方法有哪些参数，类文件的路径是什么等等。

我们先定义两个类，然后熟悉下 ReflectionClass 的一些用法。最后我们写一个简单的函数来实现依赖注入。

ReflectionClass 的一些方法

// Class Point

Class Point

{

public $x;

public $y;

public function __construct($x=0, $y=0)

{

$this->x = $x;

$this->y = $y;

}

}

Class Circle

{

// 半径

public $radius;

// 圆心点

public $center;

const PI = 3.14;

public function __construct(

Point $point,

$radius = 1

){

$this->center = $point;

$this->radius = $radius;

}

public function printCenter()

{

printf('center coordinate is (%d, %d)', $this->center->x, $this->center->y);

}

public function area()

{

return self::PI * pow($this->radius, 2);

}

}

// examples

$reflectionClass = new reflectionClass(Circle::class);

var_dump($reflectionClass);

// 反射出类的常量

var_dump($reflectionClass->getConstants());

// 通过反射获取属性

var_dump($reflectionClass->getProperties());

// 反射出类中定义的方法

var_dump($reflectionClass->getMethods());

// 文件路径

var_dump($reflectionClass->getFileName());

$constructor = $reflectionClass->getConstructor();

var_dump($constructor);

$parameters = $constructor->getParameters();

var_dump($parameters);

(结果就忽略掉了)

依赖注入

// Class Point

Class Point

{

public $x;

public $y;

public function __construct($x=0, $y=0)

{

$this->x = $x;

$this->y = $y;

}

}

Class Circle

{

// 半径

public $radius;

// 圆心点

public $center;

const PI = 3.14;

public function __construct(

Point $point,

$radius = 1

){

$this->center = $point;

$this->radius = $radius;

}

public function printCenter()

{

printf('center coordinate is (%d, %d)', $this->center->x, $this->center->y);

}

public function area()

{

return self::PI * pow($this->radius, 2);

}

}

// 创建类的常规方法

// $p1 = new Point(2,2);

// $c1 = new Circle($p1, 2);

// $c1->printCenter();

// echo $c1->area();

// dependency injection

function make($className)

{

$reflectionClass = new reflectionClass($className);

$constructor = $reflectionClass->getConstructor();

$parameters = $constructor->getParameters();

$dependencies = getDependencies($parameters);

return $reflectionClass->newInstanceArgs($dependencies);

}

// 依赖解析

function getDependencies($parameters)

{

$dependencies = [];

foreach ($parameters as $parameter) {

$dependency = $parameter->getClass();

// var_dump($dependency);

// 第二个参数 radius 就没有类

if (is_null ($dependency)) {

if ($parameter->isDefaultValueAvailable()) {

$dependencies[] = $parameter->getDefaultValue();

} else {

// 简化的处理

$dependencies[] = '0';

}

} else {

// 递归解析出依赖类的对象

$dependencies[] = make($parameter->getClass()->name);

}

}

return $dependencies;

}

$c2 = make('Circle');

$area = $c2->area();

var_dump($c2, $area);

参考