numpy 矩阵对角线,下numpy的对角线创建元素的数组矩阵

I would like to create a matrix using a list whose elements would be the elements of the matrix under the diagonal.

import numpy as np

x1 = np.array([0.9375, 0.75, 0.4375, 0.0, 0.9375, 0.75, 0.4375, 0.9375, 0.75, 0.9375])

x1

the matrix I would like to have is

array([[ 1. , 0.9375, 0.75 , 0.4375, 0. ],

[ 0.9375, 1. , 0.9375, 0.75 , 0.4375],

[ 0.75 , 0.9375, 1. , 0.9375, 0.75 ],

[ 0.4375, 0.75 , 0.9375, 1. , 0.9375],

[ 0. , 0.4375, 0.75 , 0.9375, 1. ]])

I thought you could do this with np.tril but it gives a result I do not expect.

mat = np.tril(x1, k = -1 )

print(mat)

what am I missing ?

I apologize in advance if this is a trivial question but I could not figure out how to it without looping.

解决方案

You can do:

x = np.ones((5, 5), dtype=float)

x[np.triu_indices(5, 1)] = x1 # sets the upper triangle

x[np.triu_indices(5, 1)[::-1]] = x1 # sets the lower triangle

In the last line, the indices are reversed since your x1 is ordered for the upper triangle. You could also use x[np.tril_indices(5, -1)] = x1[::-1] if that feels more intuitive.