linux shell 练习,一组Linux Shell Scripting小练习

# Linux shell将字符串分割成数组result=$(facter | awk '/ipaddress/ && !/ipaddress_lo/ {print $1 " " $3}')

array=($result)

# 判断一个变量是否存在(不是判断是否为空)if [ -z ${var+x} ]; then echo "var is unset"; else echo "var is set to '$var'"; fi

# 判断一个变量是否为空if [ "$var x" = " x" ]; then echo "var is empty"; else echo "var is set to '$var'"; fi

if [ -z $var ]; then echo "var is empty"; else echo "var is set to '$var'"; fi

#系统变量用后还原

# 关于IFS的定义：IFS,Internal Field Separator

# An Internal Field Separator (IFS) is an environment variable that stores delimiting characters.

# It is the default delimiter string used by a running shell environment.

# "$*" expands as "$1c$2c$3", where c is the first character of IFS

# When the expansion occurs within double quotes, it expands to a single word with the value of each parameter separated by the first character of the IFS special variable.

# That is, "$*" is equivalent to "$1c$2c...", where c is the first  char‐acter of the value of the IFS variable.

# If IFS is unset, the parameters are separated by spaces.  If IFS is null, the parameters are joined without intervening separators.oldIFS="$IFS"

IFS=" "

array=($result)

IFS="$oldIFS"

for i in ${array[@]}; do

echo $i

done

# 使用facter获取一组key-value

# facter的输出有换行符，必须把换行符替换成空格

# 将换行符替换成空格可以使用awk或sed

# awk -v RS="" '{gsub("\n"," ");print}'

# echo -e "2 \n1" | sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\n/ /g'result=$(facter | awk '/ipaddress/ && !/ipaddress_lo/ {print $1 " " $3}' | awk -v RS="" '{gsub("\n"," ");print}')

array=($result)

array_length=${#array[@]}

# 输出keyfor (( i = 0; i 

echo ${array[$i]}

done

# 输出valuefor (( i = 1; i 

echo ${array[$i]}

done

# 输出key-valuefor (( i = 0; i 

j=$i+1

echo "${array[$i]} - ${array[$j]}"

done

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