linux互斥锁和条件变量,如何理解互斥锁和条件变量？

下面的代码出自《Unix/Linux编程实践教程》，作用是用两个线程分别统计两个文件的单词的数目，并在主线程中计算总数。下面是运行截图：

但是看了半天还是难以理解下面代码中的加锁、解锁以及条件变量。

我想问：

主线程中调用pthread_cond_wait时会释放互斥锁，然后挂起主线程，并等待条件变量的发生变化，当其他线程调用pthread_cond_signal时，如果互斥锁是被锁住的，那么主线程中的pthread_cond_wait会等互斥待锁被解锁后，然后再给互斥锁上锁后再返回吗？

如果正如１中的描述那样的话，pthread_cond_wait收到了pthread_cond_signal发来的信号，但是未锁定互斥锁之前，又被其他线程抢了先，锁住了互斥锁，那不是pthread_cond_wait还得挂起等待互斥锁被解锁？

如果可以的话，希望能帮助理清一下这个程序的执行流程。

万分感谢。

#include

#include

#include

#include

struct arg_set { /* two values int one arg */

char *filename; /* file to examine */

int count; /* number of words */

int code;

};

struct arg_set *mailbox = NULL;

pthread_mutex_t lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

pthread_cond_t flag = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;

void *count_words(void *);

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

pthread_t t1, t2; /* two threads */

struct arg_set args1, args2; /* two argsets */

int reports_int = 0;

int total_words = 0;

if (argc != 3) {

fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s file1 file2", argv[0]);

exit(1);

}

pthread_mutex_lock(&lock);

args1.filename = argv[1];

args1.count = 0;

args1.code = 1;

pthread_create(&t1, NULL, count_words, (void *)&args1);

args2.filename = argv[2];

args2.count = 0;

args2.code = 2;

pthread_create(&t2, NULL, count_words, (void *)&args2);

while (reports_int < 2) {　//　等待其他线程结束

printf("MAIN: waiting for flag to go up\n");

pthread_cond_wait(&flag, &lock);

printf("MAIN: Wow! flag was raised, I have the lock\n");

printf("%7d: %s\n", mailbox->count, mailbox->filename);

total_words += mailbox->count;

if (mailbox == &args1)

pthread_join(t1, NULL);

if (mailbox == &args2)

pthread_join(t2, NULL);

mailbox = NULL;

pthread_cond_signal(&flag);

reports_int++;

}

printf("%7d: total words\n", total_words);

return 0;

}

void *count_words(void *a)

{

struct arg_set *args = a;

FILE *fp;

int c, prevc = '\0';

if ((fp = fopen(args->filename, "r")) != NULL) {　//　统计单词个数

while ((c = getc(fp)) != EOF) {

if (!isalnum(c) && isalnum(prevc))

args->count++;

prevc = c;

}

fclose(fp);

} else

perror(args->filename);

printf("COUNT %d: waiting to get lock\n", args->code);

pthread_mutex_lock(&lock);

printf("COUNT %d: have lock, storing data\n", args->code);

if (mailbox != NULL)

pthread_cond_wait(&flag, &lock);

mailbox = args;

printf("COUNT %d: raising flag\n", args->code);

pthread_cond_signal(&flag);

printf("COUNT %d: unlocking box\n", args->code);

pthread_mutex_unlock(&lock);

return NULL;

}