{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"# CH6 数据选择(菜品挑选)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"数据选择，简单地说就是把需要的数据做筛选操作，主要有以下三种方式：
\n",
"1.列选择
\n",
"2.行选择
\n",
"3.行列同时选择
"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 2,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"import pandas as pd"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## 6.1列选择"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"在Python中，若只需要选出部分列，可以直接在df后面的方括号中指明列名或是用列表传递多个值"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 3,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"
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"\n",
" .dataframe thead th {\n",
" text-align: right;\n",
" }\n",
"\n",
"
" \n",
"
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订单编号\n","
客户姓名\n","
\n","
\n","
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0\n","
A1\n","
张通\n","
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1\n","
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2\n","
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3\n","
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4\n","
A5\n","
赵恒\n","
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\n","
],
"text/plain": [
" 订单编号 客户姓名\n",
"0 A1 张通\n",
"1 A2 李谷\n",
"2 A3 孙凤\n",
"3 A4 赵恒\n",
"4 A5 赵恒"
]
},
"execution_count": 3,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"data_dict = {\"订单编号\":[\"A1\",\"A2\",\"A3\",\"A4\",\"A5\"],\n",
" \"客户姓名\":[\"张通\",\"李谷\",\"孙凤\",\"赵恒\",\"赵恒\"],\n",
" \"唯一识别码\":[101,102,103,104,104],\n",
" \"成交时间\":[\"2018-8-8\",\"2018-8-9\",\"2018-8-10\",\"2018-8-11\",\"2018-8-12\"]}\n",
"df = pd.DataFrame(data_dict)\n",
"df[[\"订单编号\",\"客户姓名\"]]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"用列明进行筛选的方式称之为普通索引
\n",
"还可以用iloc方法传入具体列的位置，对数据进行筛选
\n",
"iloc[ , ]的方括号中分别表示行与列的选取，同样也是从0开始计数
\n",
"比如说，0:3代表选择第1列到第4列之间的值，用区间表示相当于是[0, 4)
"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"
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" }\n",
"\n",
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" \n",
"
\n","
\n","
订单编号\n","
客户姓名\n","
唯一识别码\n","
\n","
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0\n","
A1\n","
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104\n","
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4\n","
A5\n","
赵恒\n","
104\n","
\n","
\n","
\n","
],
"text/plain": [
" 订单编号 客户姓名 唯一识别码\n",
"0 A1 张通 101\n",
"1 A2 李谷 102\n",
"2 A3 孙凤 103\n",
"3 A4 赵恒 104\n",
"4 A5 赵恒 104"
]
},
"execution_count": 4,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"data_dict = {\"订单编号\":[\"A1\",\"A2\",\"A3\",\"A4\",\"A5\"],\n",
" \"客户姓名\":[\"张通\",\"李谷\",\"孙凤\",\"赵恒\",\"赵恒\"],\n",
" \"唯一识别码\":[101,102,103,104,104],\n",
" \"成交时间\":[\"2018-8-8\",\"2018-8-9\",\"2018-8-10\",\"2018-8-11\",\"2018-8-12\"]}\n",
"df = pd.DataFrame(data_dict)\n",
"df.iloc[:, 0:3]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## 6.2行选择"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"与列选择类似，行选择也有两种方法：
\n",
"1.普通索引，传入具体行索引的名称，要用到loc方法
\n",
"2.位置索引，传入具体的行数，要用到iloc方法；
"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 5,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"data_dict = {\"订单编号\":[\"A1\",\"A2\",\"A3\",\"A4\",\"A5\"],\n",
" \"客户姓名\":[\"张通\",\"李谷\",\"孙凤\",\"赵恒\",\"赵恒\"],\n",
" \"唯一识别码\":[101,102,103,104,104],\n",
" \"成交时间\":[\"2018-8-8\",\"2018-8-9\",\"2018-8-10\",\"2018-8-11\",\"2018-8-12\"]}\n",
"df = pd.DataFrame(data_dict)\n",
"df.index = [\"一\",\"二\",\"三\",\"四\",\"五\"]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"为了演示方便，对索引重新进行赋值"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 6,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"订单编号 A1\n",
"客户姓名 张通\n",
"唯一识别码 101\n",
"成交时间 2018-8-8\n",
"Name: 一, dtype: object"
]
},
"execution_count": 6,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"df.loc[\"一\"]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 7,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
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唯一识别码\n","
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一\n","
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"text/plain": [
" 订单编号 客户姓名 唯一识别码 成交时间\n",
"一 A1 张通 101 2018-8-8\n",
"二 A2 李谷 102 2018-8-9"
]
},
"execution_count": 7,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"df.loc[[\"一\",\"二\"]]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 8,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"订单编号 A1\n",
"客户姓名 张通\n",
"唯一识别码 101\n",
"成交时间 2018-8-8\n",
"Name: 一, dtype: object"
]
},
"execution_count": 8,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"df.iloc[0]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 9,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
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"text/plain": [
" 订单编号 客户姓名 唯一识别码 成交时间\n",
"一 A1 张通 101 2018-8-8\n",
"二 A2 李谷 102 2018-8-9"
]
},
"execution_count": 9,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"df.iloc[[0,1]]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 10,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"
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"text/plain": [
" 订单编号 客户姓名 唯一识别码 成交时间\n",
"一 A1 张通 101 2018-8-8\n",
"二 A2 李谷 102 2018-8-9"
]
},
"execution_count": 10,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"df.iloc[0:2]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"当然，也可以通过判断条件来对行进行筛选，这种称为布尔索引"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 11,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"data_dict = {\"订单编号\":[\"A1\",\"A2\",\"A3\",\"A4\",\"A5\"],\n",
" \"客户姓名\":[\"张通\",\"李谷\",\"孙凤\",\"赵恒\",\"赵恒\"],\n",
" \"唯一识别码\":[101,102,103,104,104],\n",
" \"年龄\":[31,45,23,240,240],\n",
" \"成交时间\":[\"2018-8-8\",\"2018-8-9\",\"2018-8-10\",\"2018-8-11\",\"2018-8-12\"]}\n",
"df = pd.DataFrame(data_dict)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 12,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
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年龄\n","
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0\n","
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"text/plain": [
" 订单编号 客户姓名 唯一识别码 年龄 成交时间\n",
"0 A1 张通 101 31 2018-8-8\n",
"1 A2 李谷 102 45 2018-8-9\n",
"2 A3 孙凤 103 23 2018-8-10"
]
},
"execution_count": 12,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"df[df[\"年龄\"]< 200]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 13,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
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"text/plain": [
" 订单编号 客户姓名 唯一识别码 年龄 成交时间\n",
"0 A1 张通 101 31 2018-8-8"
]
},
"execution_count": 13,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"df[(df[\"年龄\"] < 200) & (df[\"唯一识别码\"] < 102)]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## 6.3行与列同时选择"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 14,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"data_dict = {\"订单编号\":[\"A1\",\"A2\",\"A3\",\"A4\",\"A5\"],\n",
" \"客户姓名\":[\"张通\",\"李谷\",\"孙凤\",\"赵恒\",\"赵恒\"],\n",
" \"唯一识别码\":[101,102,103,104,104],\n",
" \"成交时间\":[\"2018-8-8\",\"2018-8-9\",\"2018-8-10\",\"2018-8-11\",\"2018-8-12\"]}\n",
"df = pd.DataFrame(data_dict)\n",
"df.index = [\"一\",\"二\",\"三\",\"四\",\"五\"]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 15,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
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"text/plain": [
" 订单编号 客户姓名 唯一识别码 成交时间\n",
"一 A1 张通 101 2018-8-8\n",
"二 A2 李谷 102 2018-8-9\n",
"三 A3 孙凤 103 2018-8-10\n",
"四 A4 赵恒 104 2018-8-11\n",
"五 A5 赵恒 104 2018-8-12"
]
},
"execution_count": 15,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"df"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### 6.3.1普通索引+普通索引"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"同时传入行与列的索引名进行数据选择，用loc方法"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 16,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
"
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"text/plain": [
" 订单编号 唯一识别码\n",
"一 A1 101\n",
"三 A3 103"
]
},
"execution_count": 16,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"df.loc[[\"一\",\"三\"],[\"订单编号\",\"唯一识别码\"]]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### 6.3.2位置索引+位置索引"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"同时传入行与列的位置索引名进行数据选择，用iloc方法
\n",
"左边的方括号表示行索引选择，右边的方括号表示列索引选择
\n",
"都是从0开始计数的"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 17,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/html": [
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" 订单编号 唯一识别码\n",
"一 A1 101\n",
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"execution_count": 17,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"df.iloc[[0,1],[0,2]]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### 6.3.3布尔索引+普通索引"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"逻辑：先用布尔索引选择行，再通过普通索引选择列"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 18,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"data_dict = {\"订单编号\":[\"A1\",\"A2\",\"A3\",\"A4\",\"A5\"],\n",
" \"客户姓名\":[\"张通\",\"李谷\",\"孙凤\",\"赵恒\",\"赵恒\"],\n",
" \"唯一识别码\":[101,102,103,104,104],\n",
" \"年龄\":[31,45,23,240,240],\n",
" \"成交时间\":[\"2018-8-8\",\"2018-8-9\",\"2018-8-10\",\"2018-8-11\",\"2018-8-12\"]}\n",
"df = pd.DataFrame(data_dict)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 19,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
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0\n","
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
"df[df[\"年龄\"] < 200][[\"订单编号\",\"年龄\"]] "
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### 6.3.4切片索引+切片索引"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"同时传入行，列索引的位置索引进行数据选择，用iloc方法"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 21,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
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" 订单编号 客户姓名 唯一识别码 成交时间\n",
"一 A1 张通 101 2018-8-8\n",
"二 A2 李谷 102 2018-8-9\n",
"三 A3 孙凤 103 2018-8-10\n",
"四 A4 赵恒 104 2018-8-11\n",
"五 A5 赵恒 104 2018-8-12"
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"execution_count": 21,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
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"source": [
"data_dict = {\"订单编号\":[\"A1\",\"A2\",\"A3\",\"A4\",\"A5\"],\n",
" \"客户姓名\":[\"张通\",\"李谷\",\"孙凤\",\"赵恒\",\"赵恒\"],\n",
" \"唯一识别码\":[101,102,103,104,104],\n",
" \"成交时间\":[\"2018-8-8\",\"2018-8-9\",\"2018-8-10\",\"2018-8-11\",\"2018-8-12\"]}\n",
"df = pd.DataFrame(data_dict)\n",
"df.index = [\"一\",\"二\",\"三\",\"四\",\"五\"]\n",
"df"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 22,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
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"
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" 客户姓名 唯一识别码\n",
"一 张通 101\n",
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"三 孙凤 103"
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},
"execution_count": 22,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"df.iloc[0:3,1:3]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### 6.3.5切片索引+普通索引"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 23,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"data_dict = {\"订单编号\":[\"A1\",\"A2\",\"A3\",\"A4\",\"A5\"],\n",
" \"客户姓名\":[\"张通\",\"李谷\",\"孙凤\",\"赵恒\",\"赵恒\"],\n",
" \"唯一识别码\":[101,102,103,104,104],\n",
" \"成交时间\":[\"2018-8-8\",\"2018-8-9\",\"2018-8-10\",\"2018-8-11\",\"2018-8-12\"]}\n",
"df = pd.DataFrame(data_dict)\n",
"df.index = [\"一\",\"二\",\"三\",\"四\",\"五\"]"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 24,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stderr",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"D:\\Anaconda3\\lib\\site-packages\\ipykernel_launcher.py:1: DeprecationWarning: \n",
".ix is deprecated. Please use\n",
".loc for label based indexing or\n",
".iloc for positional indexing\n",
"\n",
"See the documentation here:\n",
"http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/indexing.html#ix-indexer-is-deprecated\n",
" \"\"\"Entry point for launching an IPython kernel.\n"
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"df.ix[0:2, [\"客户姓名\",\"唯一识别码\"]]"
]
}
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