webpack中alias的配置
先看一段完整的vue开发中webpack的配置module.exports = {
context: path.resolve(__dirname, '../'),
entry: {
app:['babel-polyfill','./src/main.js'] ,
timeLookScreen:'./src/timeLookScreen.js',
},
output: {
path: config.build.assetsRoot,
filename: '[name].js',
publicPath: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production'
? config.build.assetsPublicPath
: config.dev.assetsPublicPath
},
resolve: {
extensions: ['.js', '.vue', '.json'],
alias: {
'vue$': 'vue/dist/vue.esm.js',
'@': resolve('src'),
'&': resolve('src/assets')
}
},
module: {
rules: [
{
test: /\.vue$/,
loader: 'vue-loader',
options: vueLoaderConfig
},
{
test: /\.js$/,
loader: 'babel-loader',
include: [resolve('src'), resolve('test'), resolve('node_modules/webpack-dev-server/client')]
},
{
test: /\.(png|jpe?g|gif|svg)(\?.*)?$/,
loader: 'url-loader',
options: {
limit: 10000,
name: utils.assetsPath('img/[name].[hash:7].[ext]')
}
},
{
test: /\.(mp4|webm|ogg|mp3|wav|flac|aac)(\?.*)?$/,
loader: 'url-loader',
options: {
limit: 10000,
name: utils.assetsPath('media/[name].[hash:7].[ext]')
}
},
{
test: /\.(woff2?|eot|ttf|otf)(\?.*)?$/,
loader: 'url-loader',
options: {
limit: 10000,
name: utils.assetsPath('fonts/[name].[hash:7].[ext]')
}
}
]
},
plugins:[
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
filename: 'rtmpLive.html',
template: 'rtmpLive.html',
inject: false
}),
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
filename:'vivo.html',
template:'vivo.html',
inject:false
}),
new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
filename: 'timeLookScreen.html',
template: 'timeLookScreen.html',
inject: 'body',
chunks:['manifest','vendor','timeLookScreen'],
}),
],
node: {
// prevent webpack from injecting useless setImmediate polyfill because Vue
// source contains it (although only uses it if it's native).
setImmediate: false,
// prevent webpack from injecting mocks to Node native modules
// that does not make sense for the client
dgram: 'empty',
fs: 'empty',
net: 'empty',
tls: 'empty',
child_process: 'empty'
}
}
这其中有一段关于alias的配置resolve: {
extensions: ['.js', '.vue', '.json'],
alias: {
'vue$': 'vue/dist/vue.esm.js',
'@': resolve('src'),
'&': resolve('src/assets')
}
},
这段配置中的alias用来配置别名,其中带$符号结尾,表示具体的文件,其他的表示目录。function resolve (dir) {
return path.join(__dirname, '..', dir)
}
resolve方法如上,其中的__dirname表示当前目录,path.join是node里面的一个方法,用来连接字符串组成目录。
上面的配置可以使我们在vue单页面组件中方便的引用src下的组件和assets下面的资源。import screen from '@/components/timelook/screen' //引入组件
//引入音频文件
import wav2 from '&/voice/2.wav'
import wav3 from '&/voice/3.wav'
这样我们路径上书写就会方便很多,然而对于图片等资源的引用多在css中使用较多,这时候你应该希望能在css中也使用这样简洁的路径写法:.info-list .left .img-bg{
width: 102px;
height: 126px;
display: inline-block;
background: url(&/102x126.jpg);
-webkit-background-size: cover;
background-size: cover;
background-position: 50% 45%;
overflow: hidden;
}
这个时候你这样写,webpack编译是会报错显示找不到对应的资源。这是因为在webpack配置项里面的alias只能在js中使用。
如果你想要在css中这样使用,那么需要在css-loader里面进行alias别名的配置const cssLoader = {
loader: 'css-loader',
options: {
sourceMap: options.sourceMap,
alias:{
'&':path.join(__dirname,'..','src/assets')
}
}
}
上面是摘自vue-cli生成的css-loader配置文件的部分,我们需要在这里添加上alias别名的配置后,才可以在css样式中使用简洁的路径书写方式。