linux挂载网络磁盘,Linux下如何挂载磁盘的方法示例

使用虚拟机时发现磁盘空间不够了，需要挂载一个磁盘以供继续使用，但是磁盘不是添加就可以使用的，还需要进行挂载。

一、添加磁盘

添加加新硬盘重启服务器

添加完之后就可以重启机器了，如果你机器是开启的，进入系统并不能看见你刚添加的那块磁盘，只有等系统重启，重新加载之后才会显示安装的那块磁盘

二、进入系统

使用root用户进入系统

三、 查看硬盘信息

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l //磁盘命令

Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x000c4cb5

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2 64 2611 20458496 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0xd0f5c869

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 2610 20964793+ 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

可以看到这台机器加载了三个磁盘sda、sdb、sdc

其中sda是初始磁盘，sdb已经初始化且经过使用，sdc是刚刚加载的，未格式化的新磁盘

四、创建新硬盘分区

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc #进入磁盘

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x45a3cadb.

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): m

Command action

a toggle a bootable flag #设定可启动标记

b edit bsd disklabel

c toggle the dos compatibility flag

d delete a partition #删除一个分区

l list known partition types #各分区类型所对应的ID

m print this menu #菜单

n add a new partition #添加一个分区

o create a new empty DOS partition table

p print the partition table #显示该磁盘下的当前分区信息

q quit without saving changes #不保存退出

s create a new empty Sun disklabel

t change a partition's system id

u change display/entry units

v verify the partition table

w write table to disk and exit #保存退出

x extra functionality (experts only)

知道命令之后就可以进行分区了

Command (m for help): p //打印分区信息,可以看到当前并没有分区

Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x45a3cadb

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

Command (m for help): n //创建一个新的分区

Command action

e extended//输入e为创建扩展分区

p primary partition (1-4) //输入p为创建逻辑分区

p

Partition number (1-4): 1//划分逻辑分区

First cylinder (1-2610, default 1): //我这里直接回车,是不想把该磁盘分成多个分区,把整个磁盘作为1个分区

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610):

Using default value 2610

Command (m for help): p //再次查看可以看到该磁盘已经有1个分区了

Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x45a3cadb

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdc1 1 2610 20964793+ 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w //保存分区

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

再次使用”fdisk -l”命令查看磁盘信息

Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x406a4c58

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdc1 1 2610 20964793+ 83 Linux

第三块磁盘/dev/sdc已经分区好了

五、格式化分区

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdc1

//将/dev/sdc1格式化为ext3类型,好像大部分的磁盘都是格式化为ext3类型,具体为什么没有深入研究,暂时不清楚,想了解的朋友可以自己查一下

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdc1

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

文件系统标签=

操作系统:Linux

块大小=4096 (log=2)

分块大小=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

1310720 inodes, 5241198 blocks

262059 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

第一个数据块=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

160 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

4096000

正在写入inode表: 完成

Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 31 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

格式化完毕，此时就可以使用“mount”命令挂载分区了，然后使用这个磁盘空间了

六、挂载分区以及开机自动挂载

[root@localhost ~]# df -h //此时只有sda1和sdb1两个磁盘挂载

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 18G 15G 1.5G 92% /

tmpfs 932M 76K 932M 1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 485M 40M 421M 9% /boot

/dev/sdb1 20G 1.2G 18G 7% /disk/diskone

/dev/sr0 4.2G 4.2G 0 100% /media/CentOS_6.5_Final

[root@localhost /]# cd /disk/

[root@localhost disk]# ll

总用量 4

drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 7月 28 17:04 diskone

[root@localhost disk]# cd diskone/

[root@localhost diskone]# ll

总用量 20

drwx------. 2 root root 16384 7月 28 16:12 lost+found

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 7月 28 17:09 software

[root@localhost diskone]# cd ../

[root@localhost disk]# mkdir disktwo //创建被挂载的路径

[root@localhost disk]# ll

总用量 8

drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 7月 28 17:04 diskone

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 8月 1 16:48 disktwo

[root@localhost disk]# mount /dev/sdc1 /disk/disktwo/ //进行挂载

[root@localhost disk]# df -h //再次查看,发现sdc1已经挂载在/disk/disktwo路径下

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 18G 15G 1.5G 92% /

tmpfs 932M 76K 932M 1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 485M 40M 421M 9% /boot

/dev/sdb1 20G 1.2G 18G 7% /disk/diskone

/dev/sr0 4.2G 4.2G 0 100% /media/CentOS_6.5_Final

/dev/sdc1 20G 173M 19G 1% /disk/disktwo

磁盘已经挂载上了

下面设置开机自动挂载

编辑/etc/fstab文件，再最后面添加

/dev/sdc1(磁盘分区) /disk/disktwo(挂载目录) ext3(文件格式)defaults 0 0

vim /etc/fstab

/dev/sdc1(磁盘分区) /disk/disktwo(挂载目录) ext3(文件格式)defaults 0 0

之后重启就OK啦！！！

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