$arr = [
['id'=>1,'parentid'=>0,'categoryname'=>'一级分类1'],
['id'=>2,'parentid'=>0,'categoryname'=>'一级分类2'],
['id'=>3,'parentid'=>0,'categoryname'=>'一级分类3'],
['id'=>4,'parentid'=>0,'categoryname'=>'一级分类4'],
['id'=>5,'parentid'=>1,'categoryname'=>'一级分类1-1'],
['id'=>6,'parentid'=>1,'categoryname'=>'一级分类1-2'],
['id'=>7,'parentid'=>2,'categoryname'=>'一级分类2-1'],
['id'=>8,'parentid'=>2,'categoryname'=>'一级分类2-2'],
['id'=>9,'parentid'=>3,'categoryname'=>'一级分类3-1'],
['id'=>10,'parentid'=>4,'categoryname'=>'一级分类4-1'],
];
$a = $b = $c = [];
foreach($arr as $k=>&$v){
if($v['parentid'] === 0) {
$a[$k]['parentid'] = $v['categoryname'];
}elseif($v['parentid'] === 1){
$b[$k]['parentid'] = $v['categoryname'];
}else{
$c[$k]['parentid'] = $v['categoryname'];
}
}