python可变类型和不可变深浅拷贝类型_2.4. 深拷贝和浅拷贝

# 2.4. 深拷贝和浅拷贝

**浅拷贝只拷贝了引用，并没有拷贝内容，相当于把原来的引用复制了一份给新的变量**

**深拷贝是将原来的值复制了一份到新的地方**

In [30]: a=[1,2,3]

In [31]: b=a

In [32]: id(a)

Out[32]: 140618626865352

In [33]: id(b)

Out[33]: 140618626865352

In [34]: import copy

In [35]: c = copy.d

copy.deepcopy copy.dispatch_table

In [35]: c = copy.deepcopy(a)

In [36]: id(c)

Out[36]: 140618627080392

In [37]: a=[1,2]

In [38]: a

Out[38]: [1, 2]

In [39]: b

Out[39]: [1, 2, 3]

In [40]: b=a

In [41]: a

Out[41]: [1, 2]

In [42]: b

Out[42]: [1, 2]

In [43]: a.append(4)

In [44]: a

Out[44]: [1, 2, 4]

In [45]: b

Out[45]: [1, 2, 4]

In [46]: c

Out[46]: [1, 2, 3]

### ```copy.deepcopy()```是递归的拷贝

In [47]: a=[1,2,3]

In [48]: b=[4,5,6]

In [49]: c=[a,b]

In [50]: d=copy.deepcopy(c)

In [51]: c

Out[51]: [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]

In [52]: d

Out[52]: [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]

In [53]: id(c)

Out[53]: 140618626186888

In [54]: id(d)

Out[54]: 140618627245000

In [55]: a.append(5)

In [56]: c

Out[56]: [[1, 2, 3, 5], [4, 5, 6]]

In [57]: d

Out[57]: [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]

d是c的深拷贝，里面的内容也是深拷贝，是递归的拷贝

### ```copy.copy()```一层的深拷贝

In [58]: a=[1,2,3]

In [59]: b=[4,5,6]

In [60]: c=[a,b]

In [61]: d=copy.copy(c)

In [62]: c

Out[62]: [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]

In [63]: d

Out[63]: [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]

In [64]: id(c)

Out[64]: 140618627247048

In [65]: id(d)

Out[65]: 140618626985544

In [66]: a.append(5)

In [67]: c

Out[67]: [[1, 2, 3, 5], [4, 5, 6]]

In [68]: d

Out[68]: [[1, 2, 3, 5], [4, 5, 6]]

d只拷贝了一层，当a修改是，c和d都发生了改变

#### ```copy.copy()```在处理可变类型和不可变类型的时候结果不太一样

In [69]: a=[1,2,3]

In [70]: b=[4,5,6]

In [71]: c=(a,b)

In [72]: c

Out[72]: ([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6])

In [73]: d=copy.copy(c)

In [74]: id(c)

Out[74]: 140618626859272

In [75]: id(d)

Out[75]: 140618626859272

In [76]: e=copy.deepcopy(c)

In [77]: id(e)

Out[77]: 140618626853000

In [78]: a.append(5)

In [79]: c

Out[79]: ([1, 2, 3, 5], [4, 5, 6])

In [80]: d

Out[80]: ([1, 2, 3, 5], [4, 5, 6])

In [81]: e

Out[81]: ([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6])

d是c的copy.copy但是还是原来的id号，说明在处理不可变类型的时候，copy不是深拷贝